小学英语数词讲解与练习.doc

数词数词是表示数量多少或顺序先后的词。分为基数词和序数词。（一）基数词1. 表示数量多少的词是基数词，如：one, two, three等。2. 数词的构成1）从112分别由从one到twelve，12个各不相同的词表示。one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2）从1319均以后缀-teen结尾。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen3）从2090的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。表示“几十几”时，个位和十位之间需加连字符。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 43 forty-three4）整百数由19加hundred构成。100 one (a) hundred 500 five hundred5) 整百数和整十数之间由and连接，十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”。如果十位数为零，那就在百位和个位之间用and连接。101 one hundred and two 245 two hundred and forty- five6）千 thousand 百万 million 十亿 billionExercise:写出下列数字12 14 20 40 90 19 400 600 35 78 305 678 2、 序数词序数词表示排列顺序，如first, second, third等。构成规则：1) 序数词第一、第二和第三为first, second和third,其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加th。例如： six sixth seven seventh ten tenth four fourth 2) fifth(第五)、 eigth (第八)、 ninth (第九)和twelfth (第十二)在拼法上有变化。first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth 3) 二十、三十等基数词变为序数词时,要把y变成ie再加-th。例如： twentytwentiethfortyfortiethtwentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth4) 基数词几十几变成序数词时,表示几十的数词不变,只把表示几的基数词变成序数词。例如： twenty-one twenty-first forty-five forty-fifth 5) 第一百、第一千、第一百万、第十亿都是在基数词后直接加th构成。例如：第一百hundredth第一千thousandth第一百万millionth第十亿billionth 6）.序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如： 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 40th 7) 序数词前必须加定冠词theThe first time I came to China, I liked it very much. 我第一次来中国，我就非常喜欢这个国家。 The first is always better than the second.第一总是比第二好。 She will choose the third. 她将选择第三。 Exercise:把下列基数词改成序数词。one two three five nine eight fourteen twenty thirty-five 3. 数词的应用1）时刻的表示法A、表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的oclock 5:00 读作 five oclock 或 fiveB、半点的表示法表示半点钟时，用“钟点数+ thirty”或“half+ past +钟点数”表示2: 30 two thirty / half past two8:30 eighty thirty / half past eightyC、“几点几分”的表示法（1）用“钟点数+分钟数”表示7：10 seven ten 9：40 nine forty（2）分钟数在30分钟以内的，用“分钟数+ past +钟点数”表示，意为“几点过几分“7：10 ten past seven 10:15 fifteen past ten / a quarter past ten（3）分钟数超过30分钟的，用“（60-分钟数）+ to +下一个钟点数”表示，意为“差几分到几点”10:40 twenty to eleven 2 : 45 fifteen to three / a quarter to threeExercise: 用英语表示下列时间10: 05 8: 30 12:10 1:15 5:47 9:23 3:51 11:49 6:00 7:22 2) 编号的表示法编号既可以用序数词,也可用基数词。the tenth lesson Lesson Ten 第十课 the fiftieth page page 50第五十页有的编号习惯上常用基数词。例如： Room 321(读作three two one) 321号房间 Tel.No.4013586(读作Telephone number four 0 one three five eight six) 电话号码4013586 3）年、月、日的表示法英语中表示日期的顺序通常为月日年或日月年。1、月、日的表示法“月”用英语中表示月份的名词，“日”用基数词或序数词表示都可以。7月8日 July 8(July eight) / July 8th ( July the eighth)10月1日 October 1 ( October one) / October 1st ( October the first)2、年的表示法1983nineteen eighty-three1700seventeen hundred 1870eighteen seventy 2008two thousand and eight1601sixteen and one或sixteen hundred and one 965nine sixty-five 3、年、月、日的表示法1986年9月1日 September 1st, 1986 / 1st September, 19862011年8月8日 August 8, 2011 / 8th August, 2011Exercise:用英语表示下列日期11月1号 2月10号 5月22号 9月17号 10月3号 12月19号 四、课堂练习1）根据括号中的数字填写合适的序数词或基数词（写单词）。1、Bill is （14）years old , he is in Class （2）Grade （6）.2、My birthday is on the （3）of March .3、September is the （9）month in a year .4、Which boy is thinner , the （1）one or the （2）one ?5、There are （55）students in our class .2）单项选择( )1There are _ days in a year Athree hundred and sixty five Bthree hundred and sixty-five Cthree hundreds and sixty five Dthree hundreds and sixtyfive( )2Danny lives in _ Aroom 404 BRoom 404 C404 room D404 Room( )3Jim is in _ Aclass one，grade six Bgrade one，class six CClass One，Grade Six DGrade One, Class Six( )4The bike cost me _ yuan Afive hundred forty Bfive hundreds fourty Cfive hundred and forty Dfive hundred fourty( )5My telephone number is _ Aeighty eight two forty four zero nine Beight eight two double four O nine Ceighty eight two forty-four zero nine Deight eight two four four zero nine( )6Is there any food for us _? Aten Btenth Cthe tenth Dthe ten( )7Mary is _ girl A. an 8 year old B8一yearsold Cthe 8 years old Dan 8一yearold( )8What day is today? _ AJune BTuesday CIt is hot DIts fine( )9Whats the date today? _ AIts Saturday BIts July CIts fine DIts JuIy 15( )10What time do you get up every day? AIts seven oclock BSeven oclock time CAt seven DOn seven五 课后作业1There are _ days in a yearAthree hundred and sixty five Bthree hundred and sixty-fiveCthree hundreds and sixty five Dthree hundreds and sixtyfive( )2Danny lives in _Aroom 404 BRoom 404 C404 room D404 Room( )3Jim is in _Aclass one，grade six Bgrade one，class sixCClass One，Grade Six DGrade One Class Six( )4The bike cost me _ yuanAfive hundred forty Bfive hundreds fourtyCfive hundred and forty Dfive hundred fourty( )5My telephone number is _Aeighty eight two forty four zero nineBeight eight two double four O nineCeighty eight two forty-four zero nineDeight eight two four four zero nine( )6Is there any food for us _?Aten Btenth Cthe tenth Dthe ten( )7Mary is _ girlA. an 8 year old B8一yearsold Cthe 8 years old Dan 8一yearold( )8What day is today? _AJune BTuesday CIt is hot DIts fine( )9Whats the date today? _AIts Saturday BIts July CIts fine DIts JuIy 15( )10What time do you get up every day?AIts seven oclock BSeven oclock timeCAt seven DOn seven