八年级英语上册知识点总结教案.docx

八年级英语上册知识点总结教案【知识梳理】I.重点短语.giveaconcert2.falldown3.goon4.attheendof5.goback6.inahurry7.writedowneout9.alltheyearround0.lateron1.attimes2.ringsb.up3.HappyNewyear!4.haveaparty5.holdon6.hearfrom7.beready8.atthemoment9.takeout20.thesameas21.turnover22.get-together23.puton24.takeaseat25.waitfor26.getlost27.justthen28.firstofall29.gowrong30.makeanoise31.geton32.getoff33.standinline34.attheheadof35.laughat36.throwabout37.infact38.atmidnight39.enjoyoneself40.haveaheadache41.haveacough42.fallasleep43.againandagain44.lookover45.takeexerciseII.重要句型.begoodforsth.2.Ithink3.Ihope4.Ilove5.Idontlike6.Imsure7.forgettodosth.8.takeamessageforsb.9.givesb.themessage0.helpyourselftosth.1.befamousforsth.2.ononeswayto3.makeoneswayto4.quarrelwithsb.5.agreewithsb.6.stopsb.fromdoingsth.III.交际用语.whatstheweatherliketoday?2.Itscold,butquitesuuny.3.Howcolditistoday!4.yes,butitllbewarmerlateron.5.Shallwemakeasnowman?eon!7.HappyNewyear!8.mayIspeaktoAnn,please?？9.Holdon,please.0.Thanksalotforinvitingmetoyourparty.1.ok.ButImafraidImaybealittlelate.2.canItakeamessageforyou?3.Thatsok.Itdoesntmatter.4.Imverysorry,butIcantcome.5.Imsorrytohearthat.6.Happybirthday!7.wouldyoulike.?wouldyouliketo.?8.Doyouthink.?yes,Ithinkso./No,Idontthinkso.9.Doyouagree?yes,Iagree./No,dontreallyagree.Ireallycantagree.20.Thereareafew/alotof./onit.21.Sodowe.22.Imhappyyoulikeit.23.whichisthewayto.,please?24.Turnright/leftatthe.crossing.25.Goonuntilyoureach.26.HowcanIgetto.?Godown/up/alongthisroad.27.whatsthematter?28.Itlltakeyouhalfanhourto.29.wedbettercatchabus.30.Itmaybein.Ah,soitis31.youmustbemorecareful!32.youmustntcrosstheroadnow.33.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.34.Pleasestandinline.35.youmustwaitforyourturn.36.Ifyoudontgosoon,youllbelate.37.Idontfeelverywell.38.myheadhurts.39.youmustnteatanythinguntilyouseethedoctor.40.whatsthetrouble?41.whatsthematterwith?42.Shedidntfeellikeeatinganything.43.Nothingserious.44.Have/getapainin45.Noproblem.46.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.IV.重要语法.一般过去时；2.反意疑问句的用法；3.一般将来时；4.感叹句；5.简单句的五种基本句型；6.情态动词can,may和must,haveto的用法；7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句。【名师讲解】.above/over/on这三个介词都表示“在之上”，但含义不同。on指在某物的表面上，和某物接触；above指在某物的上方，不和某物接触，但也不一定在某物的正上方；over指在某物的正上方，不和某物接触。试比较：Thereisabookonthedesk.课桌上有一本书。Iraisemyrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高举过头。Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.河面上有座石桥。2.forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意思是“忘记做某事”，实际上还没做；forgetdoingsth,意思是“忘记做过某事”，实际上已经做过了。试比较：Iforgottotellhimthenews.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已经把这条消息告诉他了，我却忘了。类似的词还有：remember,regret等。4.besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.besuretodosth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求，意思是“务必”，也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断，意思是“一定”，“肯定”。例如：Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你离开时务必把门锁好。Itsagoodfilm.youaresuretoenjoyit.这是一部好电影，你肯定会喜欢的。besureof/aboutsb.orsth.可用来表示“某人对某事有把握”。例如：Imsureofhissuccess.我相信他会成功。Ithinkitwasthreeyearsago,butImnotsureaboutit.我想那是三年前的事情，但我没有把握。5.hearfrom/hearofhear意思是“听到”，从哪里听到要用from来表示。例如：IveheardfromXiaowuthatwellstartoutmilitarytrainingtomorrow.我听小吴说，我们明天开始军训。ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanmei.听录音，并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。hearfrom还有一个意思是“收到某人的来信”（=receivealetterfromsb.）。例如：IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的来信。hearof和和hearfrom含义不同。hearof意思是“听说”，“得知”（某事或某人的存在），常用在疑问句和否定句里。例如：whoishe?Iveneverheardofhim.他是谁？我从来没有听说过他。Ineverheardofsuchathing!这样的事我从来没有听说过。6.Itsapleasure./withpleasure.Itsapleasure这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语，意思是“那是我乐意做的”。例如：-Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你地帮助。-Itsapleasure.那是我乐意做的。-Thanksalot.Bye.非常感谢。再见。-Itsapleasure.那是我乐意做的。再见。类似的话还有“Notatall.”“youarewelcome.”“Thatsallright.”withpleasure也用作客气的答语，主要用在别人要你做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如：-willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?请你把报纸递给我好吗？-withpleasure.当然可以。7.seem/look二者都可以作“看起来”讲，但seem暗示凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实；look着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟+形容词和asif从句。如：Heseems/looksveryhappytoday.他今天看起来很高兴。Itlooksasifititisgoingtorain.好像要下雨了。但下列情况中只用seem不用look：)后跟不定式todo时。如：Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他似乎知道答案。2)在Itseemsthat.结构中。如：Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天高兴些了。8.bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyforbereadytodo和bereadyfor表示“已作好的准备”，强调状态getreadytodo和getreadyfor表示“为做准备”，强调行为。如：Imreadytodoanythingyouwantmetodo.我愿意/随时准备做一切做你要我做的事。Imreadyforanyquestionsyoumayask.我愿意/随时准备回答你可能问的问题。HesgettingreadytoleaveforTokyo.他正准备动身去东京。Letsgetreadyforthehardmoment.我们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。bereadytodo通常可理解“乐于做某事”，即思想上总是有做某事的准备。benotreadytodo表示“不轻易做某事”。如：Hesusuallynotreadytolistentoothers.他通常不轻易听从别人。9.attable/atthetableattable在吃饭，atthetable在桌子旁边。例如：TheGreensareattable.格林一家人在吃饭。mr.Blackissittingatthetableandreadingabook.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。0.reach,arrive/getto三者都有到达之意。reach是及物动词，后直接加名词，get和arrive是不及物动词，不能直接加名词，须借助于介词。getto后加名词地点，若跟副词地点时，to去掉；arriveat+小地方，arrivein+大地方。如：Lucygottothezoobefore8oclock.露西8点前到了动物园。whendidyourparentsarriveinShanghai?你父母何时到上海的？ItwaslatewhenIgothome.我到家时天色已晚。1.sick/ill二者都是形容词。当“生病的，患病“之意时，ill只作表语，不作定语；而sick既可作表语也可作定语。sick有呕吐，恶心的意思，只能作表语，而ill无此意。如：LiLeiwasilllastweek.李磊上周生病了。Hesasickman.（作定语）他是病人。不能说成：Hesanillman.mygrandfatherwassickforamonthlastyear.（作表语）我祖父去年病了一个月。2.intime/ontimeintime是及时的意思，ontime是准时，按时。如：Ididntgettothebusstopintime.我没有及时赶上汽车。wellfinishourjobontime.我们要按时完成任务。3.maybe/maybeItmaybeinyourinsidepocket.=maybeitisinyourinsidepocket.也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中maybe是情态动词+be动词构成的谓语部分，意思是也许是，可能是；第二句中的maybe是副词，意思是可能，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相当于另一副词perhaps。再如：maybeyouputitinthatbag.也许你放在了那只包里。（不能说youmaybeputitinthatbag.）Itmaybeahat.那可能是顶帽子。（不能说Itmaybeahat.或Itmaybeisahat.）4.noise/voice/soundnoise指嘈杂声，噪音大的吵杂声。voice是指说话的声音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。有时还用作科学上的声音。例如：Dontmakesomuchnoise!别那么大声喧哗！Ididntrecognizejohnsvoiceonthetelephone.在电话里我听不出约翰的声音。Hespokeinalowvoice.他低声说话。weheardastrangesound.我们听到了一种奇怪的声音。Soundtravelsfast,butlighttravelsfaster.声音传得快，但是光传得更快。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：.一般过去时；2.反意疑问句的用法；3.一般将来时；4.感叹句；5.简单句的五种基本句型；6.情态动词can,may和must,haveto的用法；7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句；8.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；9.本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】.-Doyouknowifwewillgotothecinematomorrow?-Ithinkwellgoifwe_toomuchhomework.A.willhaveB.hadc.wonthaveD.donthave【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。2.youhavebeentoTibet,_?Iwastoldthatthesnow-coveredmountainswereverybeautiful.A.haveyouB.haventyouc.dontyou【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的前一部分是肯定句，后一部分就应该是否定的疑问部分，而且要和前一部分保持时态上的一致。3.-jacky,lookatthatjapanesesumoist.-wow,_!A.HowafatmanB.whatafatmanc.HowfatmanD.whatfatman【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是感叹句的构成。这个感叹句省略了主谓部分，只保留了感叹部分。如果以what开头，就应该是whatafatman!如果是How开头，就应该是Howfat!4.-Thanksforyourhelp.-_A.ItdoesntmatterB.Dontthankmec.yourewelcomeD.Thatsright【解析】答案：c。该题考查的是日常交际用语。回答别人的道谢通常用“Thatsallright.”或”yourewelcome.”【满分演练】一.选择填空.Dontforget_yourbookheretomorrow.A.totakeB.tobringc.takingD.bringing2.mrsBrownwenttothecinema,_she?A.didntB.doesntc.wasntD.isnt3.Itwashalfpastfour.Everything_ready.A.isB.wasc.areD.were4.-HappyNewyear!-_.A.ThesametoyouB.Imgladtohearthatc.ImveryhappyD.Thankyou.Itsverykindofyou.5.Igotuplateyesterday.There_notimetohavebreakfast.A.hasB.hadc.wasD.is6.Thankyoufor_metoyourparty.A.inviteB.invitingc.toinviteD.invited7.-ImsorryItookyourpenbymistakeyesterday.-_.A.AllrightB.Thatsrightc.RightD.Thatsallright8.-Thankyouforshowingmetheway!-_.A.ThesametoyouB.Itdoesntmatterc.ItsapleasureD.Thatsright9.-couldIuseyourcomputerforamoment?-_.A.SureB.Reallyc.RightD.Itdoesntmatter0.-Ijustlostmybike.-_.A.IwishyoutobuyanewoneB.youdbetterbuyanewonec.ImsorrytohearthatD.Itsalwaysnicetorideanewone二.选择能代替句中划线部分的词语或短语.whatsthematterwithyourmother?A.problemB.questionc.messageD.wrong2.-Thankyouverymuch.-Itsapleasure.A.Imveryglad.B.Thatsright.c.ItdoesntmatterD.Notatall3.whatishedoingatthemoment?A.nowB.amomentagoc.lateDlateron4.Didyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?A.staylongB.singanddancec.enjoyyourselfD.eatenough5.-mayIspeaktojohn,please?-certainly.A.Sure.B.Ithinkso.c.IdlovetoD.Thatsallright.6.-couldIspeaktojim,please?-Sorry，heisntin.A.isathomeB.isnotatworkc.isoutD.isfree7.Thereisnothingbutanoldtableintheroom.A.manyB.somec.anyD.only8.whatstheweatherlike?A.whenB.wherec.whyD.How9.Pleaseletmelookatyourphoto.A.givemeB.passmec.bringmeD.showme0.Pleaseaskhimtoringmeupwhenhecomesback.A.seeB.helpc.callD.thank三.完形填空whenI_1_inLondonlastyear,ithadoneofthethickestfogsinyears.youcould_2_seeyourhandin_3_ofyourface.wheneveningfell,itbecameeven_4_.Alltraffic_5_toastop.Idecidedtowalk.Afewminutes_6_,Icouldntfindmy_7_.ThenIsawayoungmanandaskedhimtohelpme.Heagreed.AsIwasfollowinghim_8_thestreets,hetoldme,“IknowthispartofLondonquitewell.Andthethickfog_9_tome.yousee,Im_10_.”.A.isB.wasc.amD.are2.A.easilyB.hardc.hardlyD.even3.A.frontB.thefrontc.backD.theback4.A.badB.worsec.goodD.better5.A.beganB.startedc.wentDcame6.A.lateB.laterc.earlyD.earlier7.A.roadB.wayc.streetD.home8.A.alongB.inc.throughD.by9.A.isnotgoodB.doesgoodc.isnothingD.hassomething0.A.strongB.weekc.blindD.clever四.阅读理解johnwasaveryfamouspianist.whenhewasasmallboy,heonceplayedatapartyatthehomeofarichman.Hewasonlyeightyearsold.Buthehadplayedforseveralyears.AtthepartyheplayedafamouspiecebyBeethoven.Heplayedwonderfully.Thefamouspiecehasinitseveralverylongrests.Ineachoftheserestshetookhishandsfromthepianoandwaited.Tohimthiswasveryexciting.Butitseemedthatthemotheroftherichmanthoughtdifferently.Finallyduringoneoftheserestsshecameovertohim.Shetouchedhimontheheadwithasmileandsaid,“myboy,whydontyouplayuswhatyouknowwell?”根据短文内容判断正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。.johnonceplayedthepianoatapartywhenhewasonlyalittleboy.2.johnbegantoplaythepianoattheageofeight.3.Ineachoftherestsjohntookhishandsfromthepianobecausehefelttired.4.Therichmansmotherdidnotthinkjohnplayedthepiecewell.5.Infactthemotheroftherichmanknewthepiecewell.oneday,wehadanEnglishclass.Theteachersawaboyreadingapicturebookandsaid,“Tom,whatdoyouusuallydoafterlunch?”Tomnervouslygotupfromhisseat,buthedidnotknowwhattoanswer.Hethoughtforsometimeandthensaid,“waitforsupper.”Theteacherwasdispleasedandjustatthatmoment,hesawanotherboyasleep.Theteacherwasgettingalittleangrynow,buthewastryingnottoshowit.Thenheasked,“Andyou,joke?”Asjokewasasleep,ofcourse,hecouldnothearwhattheteacherhadsaid.Hisdeskmatewokehimup.jokestoodupquicklyandansweredinaloudvoice,“SodoI”.Thisstoryhappened_.A.intheteachersofficeB.afterlunchc.inclassD.ahome2.Tomsanswermadetheteacher_.A.angryB.displeasedc.surprisingD.laughing3.Theteacheraskedjoke_.A.whathewantedtodoafterclassB.whathedidinclassc.thesamequestionasheaskedTomD.tohelpTom4.jokesanswermeantthat_.A.heknewwhattodoandwhatnottodoafterlunchB.hedidthesamethingasTomdidc.hereadapicture-bookD.hedidmanythingsafterlunch5.Fromtheabovestorywecanseethat_.A.jokedidnotknowwhatquestiontheteacherhadaskedB.Tomdidwellinhislessonsc.jokewasgoodathislessonsD.TomandjokeworkedhardattheirlessonsmrsBlack,thewifeofarichbusinessman,invitedsomeofherfriendstohavelunch.Shewantedtotryanewwayofcookingafish,andshewasverypleasedwithherselfwhenthedishwasready.Asthedishwasveryhot,sheputitneartheopenwindowtocoolforafewminutes.But,fiveminuteslater,whenshecamebackforit,shewasshockedtofindtheneighbourscatatthedish.Shewasintimetostopthecar.Thatafternoonwassuccessfulandeveryoneenjoyedthedishverymuch.Theytalkedandlaughedtillfouroclock.Attheendoftheafternoon,whenshewasaloneagain,mrsBlackfelttiredandhappy.Shewasinachairjustnearthewindow.Shelookedoutofthewindowandshockedtoseetheneighbourscatdeadinhergarden.why,thefishdishmustbebad!whatwouldhappentoherfriends?Sheatoncetelephonedthefamilydoctorforadvice.Thedoctortoldhertotelephoneeachofthevisitorstomeethimatthehospitalassoonashecould.Finallythedangerwasover.onceagainmrsBlackwasaloneinherchairinthesitting-room,stilltiredbutnolongerhappy.justthenthetelephonerang.Itwasherneighbour.“oh,mrsBlack,”herneighbourcried,“mycatisdead.Shewaskilledbysomeoneinacarandputitinyourgarden.”.mrsBlackinvited_tolunch.A.mrBlacksfriendsB.herneighbourc.herparentsD.someofherfriends2.whywasmrsBlacknothappyaftershehadagoodparty?A.Shewassadaboutthedeadcat.B.Shefoundherfishdishwasbad.c.Sheneverthoughtthatshewouldhavesomuchtrouble.D.Shefelttiredaftershehadabusyday.3.mrsBlack_.A.stoppedthecatbeforeitbegantoeatthefishB.wastoolatetostopthecatintimec.stoppedthecatbeforeitatethefishupD.stoppedthecatbutitwastoolate4.whywasmrsBlacksoshockedtoseethecatdeadinhergarden?A.Shelikedthecatverymuch.B.Sheworriedaboutherfriends.c.Shewassurethatherfishwasbad.D.Shedidntknowhowthecatdied.5.Finally_.A.mrsBlackfoundthatallherfriendswereallrightB.avisitortoldherthatthecatwaskilledbysomeoneinacarc.mrsBlackfelthappyasallherfriendsweresafeD.mrsBlackmetallherfriendsatthehospital五.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子.收音机里说今天晚些时候雨会停的。Theradiosaystherain_today.2.我不喜欢冬天，因为天气太冷了。Idontlikewinter,_its_.3.西安位于中国的西北部。Xianis_the_ofchina.4.多好吃的面包啊！_breaditis!5.明天白天温度将保持在零度以上。Thetemp