1、position-related consumption of civil servants has been swept by finance, consumer, regardless of cost, extravagance and waste in the civil service position-related consumption, abuse, corruption and embezzlement, corruption is important. Then, under the conditions of market economy, how to reform t
2、he existing civil duty consumption management, explores a source to prevent and curb the post consumption corruption way, is currently a major issue faced by honest work. Recently, I conducted research on this issue, this problem on some humble opinions. First, the existing public servants duty cons
3、umption the main problems seen from the investigation and reasons, in recent years, public servants duty consumption caused by the abuses and not a person of integrity, is one of the major problems in the party in Government, its operation order have a negative effect on the party and Government org
4、ans, seriously damaging the image of the party and the Government, undermining the relationship between party and the masses, effect, opening up and economic construction. From I County in recent years of governance situation see, positions consumption in the produced of two not phenomenon rendering
5、 four a features: a is positions consumption system lost has due of binding, right is greater than rules, and right is greater than method of phenomenon more highlight; II is in positions consumption in the Camera Obscura operation, using terms, will positions consumption into has personal consumpti
6、on, will corporate points to into personal points to, makes positions consumption in some aspects has into positions enjoy and self-dealing of means; three is to positions consumption for name, fraud, false impersonator, Trend of negative corruption phenomena such as corruption and misappropriation;
7、 four palaces, follow the fashion, rivalries, wasteful, and post consumption became a symbol of showing off their individual capacities. Caused by public servants duty consumption of many two phenomenon in which people reflect the biggest problems are: (a) the official car problems. Mainly in three
8、aspects: one is the larger buses cost expenditure. According to statistics, until November 2003, XX County township Department bus 159 cars, which department owns the bus 145 vehicles, and showed an increasing trend. Financial expenses cost per bus per year to 35,000 yuan, and in fact every cost up
9、to 50,000 yuan. Some units also hiring temporary drivers and expenditure on wages and subsidies. Necessary to keep a car, but also dependants, leading to larger expenses. Second, gongchesiyong breed unhealthy tendencies. Some people believe that now some bus drivers use one-third, one-third leading
10、private one-third used for official purposes. Some public servants, especially leading officials motoring, cars for private purposes, violating the self-discipline regulations, and even lead to traffic accidents. According to statistics from related departments, since 2004, the correct investigation
11、 in our County serves nearly 30 cars for private purposes, only the first half of this year, cars for private purposes or第五章费用一、单项选择题1.下列各项中,不属于费用的是()。A.主营业务成本B.销售费用C.营业外支出D.营业税金及附加2.甲企业2010年5月份发生制造费用50万元,管理费用4万元,销售费用10万元,那么甲企业2010年5月份的费用总额合计为()万元。A.14B.54C.60D.643.随同产品出售且单独计价的包装物,应于包装物发出时结转其成本,计入()
12、科目。A.销售费用B.其他业务成本C.管理费用D.营业外支出4.企业对于已经发出且符合收入确认条件的商品(未计提存货跌价准备),其成本应借记的科目是()。A.在途物资B.发出商品C.库存商品D.主营业务成本5.2010年8月,某公司销售一批原材料,开具的增值税专用发票上注明的售价为5000元,增值税税额为850元,材料成本4000元,则该企业编制会计分录时,应借记的其他业务成本科目的金额是()元。A.4000B.5000C.5850D.90006.某企业某月销售生产的商品确认销售成本100万元,销售原材料确认销售成本10万元,本月发生现金折扣1.5万元。不考虑其他因素,该企业该月计入到其他业务
13、成本的金额为()万元。A.100B.110C.10D.11.57.下列日常经营活动涉及的税金中,计入营业税金及附加科目的是()。A.营业税,增值税B.城市维护建设税,教育费附加C.消费税,增值税D.印花税,消费税8.下列各项中,不属于企业期间费用的是()。A.固定资产维修费B.聘请中介机构费C.生产车间管理人员工资D.企业发生的现金折扣9.某企业2010年3月份发生的费用有:计提车间用固定资产折旧10万元,发生车间管理人员薪酬40万元,支付广告费用30万元,计提短期借款利息20万元,计提车船税10万元。则该企业当期的期间费用总额为()万元。A.50B.60C.100D.11010.下列各项中,
14、应该通过销售费用科目核算的是()。A.销售方发生的现金折扣B.出售固定资产支付的清理费用C.销售商品过程中发生的保险费用D.业务招待费11.下列各项中,应计入管理费用的是()。A.企业管理人员差旅费B.固定资产发生的盘亏净损失C.筹建期间资本化的借款利息支出D.生产车间管理人员工资12.某企业某月销售商品发生商业折扣400万元、现金折扣200万元、销售折让150万元。该企业上述业务计入当月财务费用的金额为()万元。A.400B.200C.150D.350 二、多项选择题1.下列各项中,属于费用的有()。A.制造费用B.管理费用C.营业外支出D.其他业务成本2.企业的营业成本包括()。A.主营业
15、务成本B.其他业务成本C.营业外支出D.生产成本3.下列项目属于其他业务成本科目核算的内容有()。A.出租的无形资产的摊销额B.出租无形资产支付的服务费C.销售材料结转的材料成本D.出售固定资产发生的处置净损失4.企业日常经营活动涉及的下列各种税金中,应计入营业税金及附加的有()。A.矿产资源补偿费B.营业税C.增值税销项税额D.城市维护建设税5.企业日常经营活动涉及的下列各项税金中,应计入营业税金及附加的有()。A.营业税B.消费税C.房产税D.印花税6.下列各项中,应在发生时直接确认为期间费用的有()。A.专设销售机构固定资产的折旧费B.业务招待费C.管理人员差旅费D.车间管理人员薪酬7.
16、下列各项中,不应在发生时确认为销售费用的有()。A.车间管理人员的工资B.投资性房地产的折旧额C.专设销售机构固定资产的维修费D.预计产品质量保证损失8.下列项目中,不计入财务费用处理的有()。A.企业销售商品发生的商业折扣B.企业销售商品发生的销售折让C.企业购买商品获得的现金折扣D.企业购买商品放弃的现金折扣9.下列各项中,计入财务费用科目借方的有()。A.公司发行股票支付的手续费、佣金等发行费用B.资本化的借款利息支出C.销货企业实际发生的现金折扣D.支付银行承兑汇票的手续费10.下列各项中,应计入财务费用的有()。A.诉讼费B.业务招待费C.汇兑损失D.购货单位享受的现金折扣 三、判断
17、题1.企业出售固定资产发生的处置净损失属于企业的费用。()2.费用是指企业在日常活动中发生的、会导致资产减少的、与向所有者分配利润无关的经济利益的总流出。()3.营业成本包括主营业务成本和其他业务成本、营业税金及附加。()4.出租固定资产的折旧额,计入到利润表中的营业成本项目中。()5.企业出售原材料取得的款项扣除其成本及相关费用后的净额,应当计入营业外收入或营业外支出。()6.企业自己耗用的低值易耗品的摊销应通过营业税金及附加科目核算。()7.制造费用是成本类科目,不是期间费用的核算范围。()8.工业企业为拓展销售市场所发生的业务招待费,应计入管理费用。()9.企业取得交易性金融资产时支付的
18、相关税费计入财务费用。()四、计算题1.某企业2010年3月份发生的业务有:(1)发生无形资产研究费用10万元;(2)发生专设销售部门人员工资25万元;(3)支付业务招待费15万元;(4)支付销售产品保险费5万元;(5)本月应交纳的城市维护建设税0.5万元;(6)计提投资性房地产折旧40万元;(7)支付本月未计提短期借款利息0.1万元;假设不考虑其他事项。要求:(1)说明(1)(7)项经济业务应该计入哪项期间费用;(2)计算该企业3月份发生的期间费用总额。2.甲股份有限公司(以下简称甲公司)为增值税一般纳税人,适用的增值税税率为17,销售单价均为不含增值税价格,存货均未计提存货跌价准备。甲公司
19、2010年10月发生如下业务:(1)10月3日,向乙企业赊销A产品100件,单价为40000元,单位销售成本为20000元。(2)10月15日,向丙企业销售材料一批,价款为元,该材料发出成本为元。上月已经预收账款元。当日丙企业支付剩余货款。(3)10月18日,丁企业要求退回本年9月25日购买的40件B产品。该产品销售单价为40000元,单位销售成本为20000元,其销售收入元已确认入账,价款已于销售当日收取。经查明退货原因系发货错误,同意丁企业退货,并办理退货手续和开具红字增值税专用发票,并于当日退回了相关货款。(4)10月20日,收到外单位租用本公司办公用房下一年度租金元,款项已收存银行。(
20、5)10月31日,计算本月应交纳的城市维护建设税36890元,其中销售产品应交纳28560元,销售材料应交纳8330元;教育费附加15810元,其中销售产品应交纳12240元,销售材料应交纳3570元。要求:(1)根据上述(1)(5)业务编制相关的会计分录;(2)计算甲公司2010年10月份发生的费用总额。(答案中的金额以元为单位;应交税费科目须写出二级和三级明细科目,其他科目可不写出明细科目)。 答案部分一、单项选择题1答案:C解析:费用是企业日常活动中发生的经济利益的总流出,选项AB.D均属于费用;营业外支出不是日常活动中发生的,不属于费用,因此答案选C。2答案:A解析:制造费用属于成本类
21、会计科目,所以费用合计为管理费用4万元销售费用10万元14(万元)。3答案:B解析:随同产品出售且单独计价的包装物,应于包装物发出时结转其成本,计入其他业务成本科目;随同产品出售不单独计价的包装物,应于包装物发出时结转其成本,并计入销售费用科目。4答案:D解析:企业对于已经发出且符合收入确认条件的商品(未计提存货跌价准备),应结转商品成本:借:主营业务成本贷:库存商品5答案:A解析:其他业务成本核算是是销售材料的成本,所以本题答案是A。6答案:C解析:销售商品确认的销售成本通过主营业务成本科目核算,销售原材料确认的销售成本通过其他业务成本科目来核算,实际发生的现金折扣计入到财务费用科目核算,因
22、此该题中计入其他业务成本的金额为10万元。7答案:B解析:选项AC中的增值税应在应交税费应交增值税科目中核算,选项D中的印花税应计入管理费用科目。8答案:C解析:选项A固定资产维修费计入到管理费用中;选项B聘请中介机构费计入到管理费用中;选项C生产车间管理人员工资计入到制造费用中;选项D企业发生的现金折扣计入到财务费用。制造费用属于成本类账户,构成企业产品成本,不属于企业的期间费用,而不直接影响本期损益。因此正确答案为C。9答案:B解析:车间用固定资产折旧与车间管理人员的工资应该计入制造费用中,制造费用不属于企业的期间费用,所以不计算在内;支付广告费计入销售费用;计提短期借款的利息计入财务费用
23、;支付的车船税计入管理费用。销售费用、管理费用与财务费用属于期间费用,企业当期期间费用总额30201060(万元)。10答案:C解析:选项A,销售方发生的现金折扣应该计入财务费用中;选项B,出售固定资产支付的清理费用应该计入固定资产清理中;选项D,业务招待费应该计入管理费用中。11答案:A解析:选项B固定资产发生的盘亏净损失应该计入营业外支出中;选项C筹建期间长期借款利息费用,如果满足资本化条件的,应该计入相关资产成本,如果不满足资本化条件的,应该计入管理费用;选项D生产车间管理人员工资应该计入制造费用。12答案:B解析:商业折扣、现金折扣、销售折让三者的处理中,只有现金折扣在实际发生时计入到
24、财务费用中,因此答案应该选B。二、多项选择题1答案:BD解析:选项A,制造费用属于成本类科目,不属于费用;选项C,营业外支出是非日常经营活动发生的,属于损失,不属于费用。B.D均属于费用;营业外支出不是日常活动中发生的,不属于费用,因此答案选C。2答案:AB解析:企业的营业成本包括主营业务成本和其他业务成本。3答案:ABC解析:出租无形资产的摊销额、出租无形资产支付的服务费以及销售材料结转的材料成本均在其他业务成本科目中核算;出售固定资产发生的处置净损失应该在营业外支出科目中核算。4答案:BD解析:营业税金及附加科目核算企业日常经营活动中发生的营业税、消费税、资源税、教育费附加和城市维护建设税
25、等。矿产资源补偿费应计入管理费用;增值税销项税额不影响损益,与营业税金及附加无关。5答案:AB解析:房产税和印花税应计入管理费用。6答案:ABC解析:期间费用包括销售费用、管理费用和财务费用。专设销售机构固定资产的折旧费计入销售费用中;业务招待费和管理人员差旅费计入管理费用中;车间管理人员薪酬计入制造费用中。所以正确答案是ABC。7答案:AB解析:选项A,车间管理人员的工资计入制造费用;选项B,投资性房地产的折旧额应计入其他业务成本。8答案:ABD解析:选项A,企业销售商品按扣除商业折扣后的金额确认收入;选项B,企业销售商品发生的销售折让,如果已经作确认收入且不属于资产负债表日后事项的,应冲减
26、主营业务收入和有关税金等;如未作确认收入的处理,应直接按照扣除折让后的金额确认收入;选项C,企业购买商品获得的现金折扣冲减财务费用处理;选项D,企业购买商品放弃的现金折扣不需进行账务处理。9答案:CD解析:选项A,公司发行股票支付的手续费、佣金等发行费用不是计入财务费用,而是应从溢价发行收入中扣除;无溢价或溢价不足以抵扣的部分,冲减盈余公积和未分配利润。选项B,期末计提长期借款利息,对于满足资本化条件的,应该计入相关资产成本;对于不满足资本化条件的,如果是筹建期间,应该计入管理费用,如果是生产经营期间,应该计入财务费用。选项C,销货企业实际发生的现金折扣应视为理财费用计入财务费用。选项D,支付
27、银行承兑汇票的手续费,计入财务费用。10答案:CD解析:诉讼费和业务招待费应在管理费用科目中核算。三、判断题1答案:N解析:企业出售固定资产发生的处置净损失应该计入营业外支出中,不属于日常经营活动发生的,所以不属于企业的费用。2答案:N解析:费用是指企业在日常活动中发生的、会导致所有者权益减少的、与向所有者分配利润无关的经济利益的总流出。费用的产生通常表现为资产的减少或负债的增加,或者两者兼而有之。3答案:N解析:营业成本包括主营业务成本和其他业务成本,不包括营业税金及附加。4答案:Y解析:出租固定资产的折旧额一般通过其他业务成本科目核算,期末反映在利润表中的营业成本项目中。5答案:N解析:企
28、业出售原材料应该确认其他业务收入,结转其他业务成本。6答案:N解析:企业自己耗用的低值易耗品的摊销应根据用途计入到制造费用、管理费用等科目,不通过营业税金及附加科目核算。7答案:Y8答案:Y9答案:N解析:企业取得交易性金融资产时支付的相关税费计入当期的投资收益。四、计算题1答案(1)发生无形资产研究费用最终应计入管理费用;发生专设销售部门人员工资应计入销售费用;支付的业务招待费应计入管理费用;支付的销售产品保险费应计入销售费用;本月应交纳的城市维护建设税应计入营业税金及附加;计提投资性房地产折旧应计入其他业务成本;支付本月未计提短期借款利息应计入财务费用。(2)该企业3月份发生的期间费用总额
29、10+25+15+5+0.155.1(万元)。解析:答案:正确答案(1)借:应收账款贷:主营业务收入应交税费应交增值税(销项税额)借:主营业务成本贷:库存商品借:预收账款银行存款贷:其他业务收入应交税费应交增值税(销项税额)借:其他业务成本贷:原材料借:主营业务收入应交税费应交增值税(销项税额)贷:银行存款借:库存商品贷:主营业务成本借:银行存款贷:预收账款借:营业税金及附加52700贷:应交税费应交城市维护建设税36890应交教育费附加15810(2)2010年10月甲公司发生的费用+-+52700(元)。本工程自订立监理合同起,随即组建了项目监理组,驻入现场后严格按“建设工程监理规范”、“
30、监理规划、细则”及公司有关工作制度,根据设计图纸和各项施工质量验收规范对本工程进行了正常的监理活动。leaders driving a vehicle accident caused by road accidents, 1, 1 people killed and direct economic losses amounting to more than 100,000 yuan. Third, high efficiency and low cost of the bus. Surveys show that, the operating costs of taxis for the 82
31、00/. Is a fundamental priority of the reform, it is a difficult problem that must be solved in the reform process. Clearly, the post consumption averages three years before as a base and fine-tuned on the basis of this single practices must be improved. Improvements to adhere to three principles: fi
32、rst, under the existing policy provisions approved for public servants duty consumption standards, calibration, is not contrary to policy. Second, according to the local financial situation and peoples sustainability, public servants duty consumption standards approved, both financial reach, and peo
33、ple passing through. Third, according to the operational needs of civil servants responsible for authorized public servants duty consumption standards, both high and low positions, but also the nature of the work and the workload. In reform of method Shang, approved civil servants positions consumpt
34、ion standard to big unified, and small dispersed suitable, that most positions consumption project should according to policy provides proposed unified standard, consider to ranks, and units and the work task of differences sex, unified of standard should has elastic of and dynamic of, makes regions
35、, and units in implementation unified standard Shi has must of flexible disposal right; but since set of standard must after financial, and audit, sector audit approved Hou to implementation. (C) reform package. Public servants duty consumption elasticity of consumption to limit consumption, turning
36、 mess into kitchen after dinner, follow the civil servant with a how to use personal title subsidies, or how to manage a personal duty consumption use of subsidies. Therefore, we must establish and perfect with public servants duty consumption monetization reform support of the series of governance
37、systems such as the civil service examination of responsibility, system, low fault investigation system, the report said. While other measures to keep up. Discipline inspection and supervision organs, financial, auditing departments should strengthen supervision and inspection of public servants dut
38、y consumption monetization reform progress, to strengthen the reform of public servants duty consumption monetization system, measures to develop and monitor the implementation of inspection, not consumption as required, even shifting consumer behavior to stop, serious cases to deal with. Three idea
39、s, public servants duty consumption monetization reform of politics, the economy and the deepening of the reform, public servants duty consumption as somewhere between a reform also demonstrated its importance and urgency. First of all, civil servants especially party and Government leaders and public servants duty consumption there are big drawbacks. NPC deputies and CPPCC members and the broad masses are concerned about. Secondly, the