高考情态动词用法归纳(2).doc

高中情态动词用法归纳1、情态动词 + v 表示对现在或将来动作的猜测。 情态动词 + have + p.p表示对过去动作的猜测2、情态动词的过去式与原形相比，多点礼貌，少点冒昧，语气更为委婉。3. 情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答： Can you sing? Yes, I can./No, I cant. May I come in? Yes, you may./No, you mustnt. Must I handin the book now? Yes, you must./No, neednt /dont have to. Need I finish it now? Yes, you must./No, you neednt.1. Can 1.表示能力 The parrot can speak three languages.2.表示允许 Can I borrow the book from the library.3.表示可能性 Shanghai can be very cold in March.2. Can 与 be able toCan 表示习惯能力，而be able to表示经过那里而做成了某事。3. can./could + have +p.p1.在否定、疑问句中表示“对过去发生行为 的可能性猜测。2. 在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而未做The door was lacked. She couldnt have been at home.You could have been more careful.-1. May 1.表示可能性 She may be still waiting for us.2.表示允许 May I come in?3.表示祝愿 May you have a happy holiday.2. may/might + have +p.p在否定、肯定句中表示对过去动作的推测“也许是”He might have spoken to her yesterday.-1. Must 1.表示肯定的猜测,但只用于肯定句，而mustnt 表示“禁止、不准”2. 表示主观的必须3.偏偏，非要做， must you interrupt me on the phone?2. Must 、have to与have got toMust表示主观Have to表示客观需求Have got to 多见于口语3. must + have +p.p 对过去事情的肯定猜测。-1、Shall /should 1.第一、三人称疑问句中表示“请求或征求对方意见。 Shall I get you a cup of coffee?2、第二、三人称陈述句中:1、允诺 2、命令/警告/威胁 “该回必须”3.在法律文件中必须3、ought to/should + have +p.p 表示本应该做而未做。You should have been five minutes ago.-Will/ would 1、表示意愿 Ill try my best to overcome the difficulty.2、表示意图 What will you do?3、表示请示Will you halp me to put these books in order?4、表示习惯动作,倾向She will sit for hours without saying a word.-Dare / dared1、情态动词用于否定、疑问句；条件从句中。 Dare you go here alone? How dare you do such follish things? I wont allow you to swim in the river, even if you dare do it.2 、做实意动词后加不定式。 I have never dared to tell him about it.-Need /needed 1、情态动词用于否定句，疑问句。2、实意动词用法似dare,用作不定式。3、need + not + have +p.p 表示“本来不需要做而做了。没有责备的意思4.need doing/to be done (want.,require) 实意动词主动表被动 The house needs cleaning/to be cleaned.-Ought to 1、其否定式为ought not to2、ought to + have + p.p 表示本来应该做而没有做到。有责备的含义。You ought not to have cut away the trees around the old building.-情态动词+have done 对过去的推测neednt have done 表示做了本不必要做的事情,意为“本不必要”Our color TV set is still good enough. You neednt have bought a new one.must have done 对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断The road is wet. It must have rained last night.can/could have done “本可以，本可能做某事”用于肯定句中，表示对过去做出的判断。You could have had a better mark.can/could not have done 对过去发生行为进行推测:不可能做某事I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.might/may have done,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测， He might have read about the news in the newspaper. but I was not sureshould/ought to have done表示责备或批评,意为“本应该但”,ought to的语气更强烈You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. Would have done 表推测，过去将做了He would have passed the test, if he had worked harder in the past.Would/could/should/might have done 可以用在虚拟语气中2