一般现在时-一般过去时-一般将来时-现在进行时.doc

初中语法
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时 四种时态的区别
名称
定义
时间
动词形式
时间词
一般现在时
表示经常性或习惯性的动作
平时、经常
1、动词原形
2、第三人称单数
动词后-s/es
always、sometimes、usually、often、
every morning 、every week、
twice a week等等
现在进行时
表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作
正在进行
am/is/are+动词ing
now、right now、
at the moment、look、 listen等
一般将来时
表示将来发生的事
即将、计划
1、will/shall+动词原形
2、am/is/are +going to+动词原形
in the future、
next week/month、
tomorrow、
in two weeks等等
一般过去时
表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生的事情或存在的状态
过去（与现在无关的）
1、V-ed（规则动词）
2、不规则动词变化
ago、yesterday、
last week/ night、
just now、
once upon a time等
注意：
1、 一般现在时——第三人称单数的动词变化规则：
1）大多数动词在词尾加“S”
如：stop－______ ; make－______ read－______ ; play－______
2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”
如：fly－______ ； carry－______ study－______ ; worry－______
3）以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”
如：teach－______ ; watch－______
4）以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”
如：go－______ do－______
2、现在进行时——动词ing形式的变化规则
1.一般动词直接在词尾+ing
例：read→______ （读） talk→______（交谈） sing→______（唱歌）
2.以不发音e结尾的动词，先去e再加ing
例：like→______喜欢 write→______写 skate→______（滑冰）
3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾字母，再加ing
例：stop→______（停止） get→______（得到）
4.少数几个以ie结尾的动词，变ie为f再加ing。
例：lie→______（躺、撒谎） tie→______（系、捆绑）
3、一般过去时——动词的变化规则
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。
如:play-______, offer-______, weigh-______, destroy-______, sign-______
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。
如:like-______, provide-______, hate - ______ date-______
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加-ed。
如:supply-______, study- ______.
(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。
如:plan-______, refer-______ regret-______, ban-________
（5）还有一些不规则变化的要单独记。
如：do--did know--knew am/is--was cut--cut become--became
练一练：
一、 写出下列动词的形式
1） 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
know ______ listen______ brush ______ watch______
go ______ do ______ have______
2） 写出下列动词的ing形式
go-______ , work-______ close–______ , come-______ _become-______
get–______ sit–______
3） 写出下列动词的过去式
go______ do______ have______ play______ fly______
know______ build______ brush______ listen______ cut______
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. He often _______ (read) 21st Century Teens.
2. Is he ________ (enjoy) his stay here?
3. We ________ (build) a lab next year.
4. He ________ (write) at the moment.
5. I ________ (be) in Beijing last year.
6. He ________ (be) taller than I.
7. Where _______ he_______ (tell) her
the news?
8. I’m going to _______ (work) hard.
9. She can _______ (help) me with my English.
10. They _______ (read) newspapers now.
综合练习：
一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空?
1.????We?often___________(play)?on?the?playground.?
2.??????He?_________(get)?up?at?six?o’clock.?
3.??????__________you?_________(brush)?your?teeth?every?morning?
4.???????What????????(do)?he?usually???????(do)?after?school??
5.??????Danny??????????(study)?English,?Chinese,?Math,?Science?and?Art?at?school.
?6.??????Mike?__________(go)?to?the?park?with?his?sister?yesterday.?
7. ??????Last?night,?she?________(watch)?TV?with?his?parents.?
8.??????________?Mike________(read)?English?tomorrow??
9.??????How?many?lessons?______your?classmate____(have)?next?week??
10.??What?time?____his?mother_________(do)?the?housework?tomorrow??
11.?Don’t?make?a?noise.?Grandpa?__________(sleep).??
12.?It?________(take)?me?two?hours?to?finish?my?homework?last?night.??
13.?What?______?your?mother?_______(do)?every?evening??She?_____(wash)?clothes.
14.?Look!?She_________(do)?her?homework.??
15.?There?________?(be)?a?football?match?on?TV?next?Sunday.??
16.?They?________?(visit)?the?Great?Wall?now.??
17.?The?earth?__________?(move)?round?the?sun.??
18.?I?______(be)?born?in?1992.?
19._______you?_____(?go)?school?yesterday??No,?I?________(?not).
20.?How?long_____?you?_______(stay)?in?Paris?last?time????
二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：??
1.?wash_________?match?_______guess______?study______?finish_________?
go________?snow______?carry_________??
2. ?stop______?see________?drive?________let_______?carry______?keep_____?join______?find_______?think________?teach______?catch______??
3.stay_______?begin______?forget_______lie________die?_______?run_______
prefer______give________ring_______dance______?hope_______??
三、写出下列动词的过去式?
tell_______??????break?_______??????build_______????????catch_______???????begin_______???draw?_______????eat_______?????come?_______????buy_______??????cut_______?????
read?_______????put_______???????think_______?????go_______?????get_______?????
give_______?????keep?_______????know?_______?????
四、单项选择
( )1.?________?you___________?your?homework?now??
A. ?Are,?do?????????B.?Do,?do?????????C.?Will,?do????????D.?Are,?doing?
(?? ?)2.?Look,?they?__________?a?good?time.?
A. ?has???????????B.?have????????????C.?are?having??????D.?had?
(?? ?)3.?–I?can’t?find?my?pen.?Can?I?use?yours??—?Sorry,?I__________?it?now.?
A. ?am?using?????????B.?was?using??????????C.?have?used?????D.?used?
(?? ? )4.?—____________?you?____________?to?the?radio?????
—No,?you?can?turn?it?off.?
A. ?Did,?listen??????B.?Have,?listened?????C.?Do,?listen????D.?Are,?listening?
(? ?)5.?Look!?Some?children?_________?games?on?the?playground.??
A.?is?playing???????B.?are?playing?????C.?are?played???D.?is?going?to?play
(?? ?)6.?________?your?mother?________?some?cleaning?on?Sundays??A.?Does,?does??????????B.?Do,?does?????C.?Does,?do??????D.?Do,?do??
(?? ?)7.?Mr.?Black?often?________?fishing?on?Sundays.
?A.?go??????????B.?goes?????????C.?don’t?go????????D.?isn’t?go?
(?? ?)8.?We?_________go?to?play?outside?in?winter.?
A.?do??????????B.?does?????????C.?don’t????????D.?doesn’t?
?(? ??)9.?_________?your?father?usually?go?to?work?early?every?day??
A.?Was?????????B.?Were????????C.?Do????????D.?Does?
( ???)10.?________?you?________?English?every?morning??
A. ?Are,?read??????????B.?Do,?read??????C.?Does,?read?????D.?Are,?reading
(?? ?)11.?Look?at?those?clouds.??It?_____________?soon.???
A. ?is?going?to?rain??????B.?is?raining?????C.?will?rain????????D.?won’t?rain?
(?? ?)12.?The?radio?says?it?________________?the?day?after?tomorrow.?
A. ?is?going?to?snow??????B.?is?snowing????C.?will?snow????????D.?snows?
( )13.____________?Tom?and?Jim?in?the?classroom?just?now???
A.?Was???????B.?Are???????C.?Were???????D.?Is?
(??? )14.?When?I?________________?her?in?the?hall,?she?was?playing?the?piano.??
?A.?see????????B.?saw???????C.?will?see????D.?am?seeing?
(?? ?)15.?He?turned?off?the?lights?and?then?_______________?the?classroom.?
A.?leaves??????????B.?will?leave????????C.?is?leaving???????????D.?left