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一般过去式及练习.doc

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一般过去式及练习 一般过去式及练习 一、基本概念 一般过去时(simple past tense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 二、基本结构 主语+动词过去式+其他  否定形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词    一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他?    例句She often came to help us in those days.   I didn't know you were so busy.    一般过去式的构成形式     肯定式 疑问式 否定式 疑问否定式 I worked Did I work? I did not work Did I not work? He(she,it) worked Did he(she,it) work? He (she,it)did not work Did he(she,it)not work? We worked Did we work? We did not work Did we not work? You worked Did you work? You did not work Did you not work? They worked Did they work? They did not work Did they not work? 三、一般过去时的用法 1、带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时 如:yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前几天)、once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、 When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时…)、at+一个时间点   Did you have a party the other day?   前几天,你们开了晚会了吗?   Lei Feng was a good soldier.   雷锋是个好战士。   另外,在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。   2、表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时   这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。   The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.   那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。    3、表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作,常与always,never等连用。   Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.   彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。   (只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)   比较   Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.   彼得太太老是带着伞。   (说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)   Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.   彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)   I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。   (不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)    4、 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)   He used to drink.   他过去喝酒。   (意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)   I used to take a walk in the morning.   我过去是在早晨散步。   (意味着现在不在早晨散步了)   比较:   I took a walk in the morning.   我曾经在早晨散过步。   (只是说明过去这一动作)    5、有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国学生往往出错,要特别注意!   I don't know you were in Paris.   我不知道你在巴黎。   (因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)   I think you were ill.   我以为你病了呢。   (这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病) 四、一般过去时谓语部分的构成 1. Be 动词的一般过去时态.    在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.    构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +表语。如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。)    否定句:主语+was (were) +not+表语。如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)    疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+表语。如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)   肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。)   否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。)    特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语   如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?    2. 实义动词的一般过去时态    肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.    肯定句为:主语+动词过去式+宾语。如: I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九点钟回的家。)    否定句:主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语。如:I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。)    疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+宾语。如: Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗?)   肯定回答: Yes, I did. (是的,我回了。)   否定回答:No, I didn't. (不,我没回家。)    3. 助动词和情态动词过去式如下:    shall―should(将要)用于第一人称单数;will―would(将要)用于所有人称;can—could(能,会) may―might(可以) must―must (必须);have to―had to(不得不);助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式,后面的动词还使用原形。   如: I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。)      一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它(如各例句的斜体字部分)。 这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有:yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening ), just now (刚才), before (以前) , then (at that time ) (当时) , last +时间 (如 last week, month, year, Monday, … January, … spring, …, etc. ), that +时间 (如 that day, afternoon, summer, …, etc. ), 时间 + ago (如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, … etc.)    另外:“过去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday, last week,… ” 等,实际上“与现在对立的过去”,亦即“非现在的以前”,哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”,只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立,就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例如:He was here only a few minutes ago.(仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。)   I came home just now.   (我刚回到家。)    五、特殊疑问句: ⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday? 六、动词过去式变化规则: 1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式(详见书本)   一般过去时练习 一、写出下列动词(常考单词)的过去式 is\am_________  fly_______  plant________  are ________  drink_________ play_______    go________  make ________ does_________  dance________ worry________  ask _____   taste_________  eat__________ draw________ put ______    throw________ kick_________  pass_______   do ________ 二、用be动词的适当形式填空。 1. I ______ an English teacher now. 2. She _______ happy yesterday. 3. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 5. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited. 二、句型转换。 There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 否定回答: 2 They played football in the playground. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 否定回答: 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ (go) to the park. 4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 8. “What _____ she _____ (find) in the garden last morning? ” “She ____ (find) a beautiful butterfly.” 9. It ____ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all ___ (have) a good time last night. 11. He _____ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read) 13. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play) 14. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now. 15. “_______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? ” “No, they _____.” 16. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 17. We ____ (go) to school on Sunday. 18. It ____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ___ (go) to his office by car. 20. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 21. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean) 22. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do) 23. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago. 24. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick) 25. “_______ he ______ the flowers this morning? ” “Yes, he _____. (water)” 26. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances. 27. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 四、句型转换   1. It was exciting.     否定句:   一般疑问句: 肯、否定回答:    2. All the students were very excited.     否定句:    一般疑问句:    肯、否定回答:    3. They were in his pocket.     否定句:      一般疑问句:      肯、否定回答:    五、对划线部分进行提问 1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 2. They sang some English songs yesterday afternoon. 3.They played football in the playground. 7
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