专四写作讲座之作文闪光点.doc

专四写作讲座之作文闪光点作文是各类英语考试中得分率最低的题型之一。同学们在掌握了一定的作文模板，和基本的语法、词汇、句型用法之后，如果能在作文中创造一些词汇和句型的闪光点，必定会使你的作文如虎添翼！高分作文标志 1、是否长短句交叉；2、是否会使用插入语；3、用词是否多样，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词； 4、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词； 5、句型使用是否准确、地道。下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项： 1.适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实, 句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 举个经典结尾2004年六月六级作文的最后一段：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively. 2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。 如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。 比如说： Other individuals, however, take the attitude that 3. 一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的替换太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion 等等)比如上面例子applicable替换proper, approaches替换ways, implement替换carry out, sharpen ones competitive edge替换enhance ones competitiveness(提高某物竞争力) 下面举一篇某位同学写的优秀作文(14分)的例子，看看他是如何运用各类写作技巧的。这位同学把老师上课讲的各类写作手法和精彩替换和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。 Computer and IBy Simmy I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ,and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me. exceedingly 替换 very thrilling 替换 exciting sth. exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb. be interested in sth. google 替换 search an army of 替换 a lot of The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing numbers of individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure! The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一个精彩句型，用来描述在某个时期发生了什么事情；Increasing popularity 替换 more and more popular Coincident with 非常地道的句型，表达“与一致”的意思，替换 With Advancement 替换 development Pour into ( flood into / swarm into )替换 enter into Current ( currently )替换 now Appeal to sb. 替换 sb. be interested in sth. Growing numbers of individuals 替换 more and more people It is no exaggeration to say 经典句型， 说某事是毫不夸张的 For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment . Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.For a start 替换 To begin with We can, freely, search 用了插入语的写作手法 our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. 用了非常精彩的被动 Additionally 替换 In addition / BesidesDeliver 替换 send There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence , obscene, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen , which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying. There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, 这个句子有三个精彩之处，首先There is no denying that这个句型，还有however作为插入语， function in the disservice of 替换 do harm toEmerging 替换 appearing ( fading 替换 disappearing ) Net citizen 网民，属于精彩用词 As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computers do play a positive role in the development of people lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should , therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.No garden has no weeds 替换 Every coin has two sides Computers do play ，do 强调 Positive 替换 important / good 等 A slice of 替换 a part of Unfavorable 替换 bad Impacts 替换 effects / influences We should, therefore, take advantage of 使用插入语 Fruits (而且fruits 用的非常形象， merits/ virtues) 替换 advantage ( defects 替换 disadvantage ) Facet 替换 aspect各位同学，上面的作文里有这么多精彩的闪光点，作文怎么会不得高分呢！ 以下是30个最经典的替换词，各位同学可以参考一下。1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) 2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many。, if not most)替换many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.同理 用most, if not all ,替换most. 5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that) 7，affair ,business ,matter 替换thing 8: shared 代 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits 10for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly13.beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer15.exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替换 unnecessary, avoidable 17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in 18.capture ones attention替换attract ones attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth23.desire 替换want.24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换remember26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)27. interaction替换communication28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance 30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible希望大家能够在平时的学习中多总结精彩、地道的词汇和句型闪光点！常用连接词To Add:and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, whats more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.),To Compare:whereas, but, yet, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, by comparison, where, compared to, up against, balanced against, but, although, conversely, meanwhile, after all, in contrast, although this may be trueTo Prove:because, for, since, for the same reason, obviously, evidently, furthermore, moreover, besides, indeed, in fact, in addition, in any case, that isTo Show Exception:yet, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, of course, once in a while, sometimesTo Show Time:immediately, thereafter, soon, after a few hours, finally, then, later, previously, formerly, first (second, etc.), next, and then To Repeatin brief, as I have said, as I have noted, as has been noted,To Emphasize:definitely, extremely, obviously, in fact, indeed, in any case, absolutely, positively, naturally, surprisingly, always, forever, perennially, eternally, never, emphatically, unquestionably, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, without reservationTo Show Sequence:first, second, third, and so forth. A, B, C, and so forth. next, then, following this, at this time, now, at this point, after, afterward, subsequently, finally, consequently, previously, before this, simultaneously, concurrently, thus, therefore, hence, next, and then, soonTo Give an Example: for example, for instance, in this case, in another case, on this occasion, in this situation, take the case of, to demonstrate, to illustrate, as an illustration, To Summarize or Conclude：in brief, on the whole, summing up, to conclude, in conclusion, as I have shown, as I have said, hence, therefore, accordingly, thus, as a result, consequently, on the whole一、常用句型及单词 A. 开头 1、There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: _. 2、_ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way. 3、Recently, _has been brought to such popular attention that _ (e.g. Recently, the problem of global warming has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the top of the agenda.). 4、One of our ancient philosophers said, _. Chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality. 5. No one，regardless of race, religion or nationality, would deny that. 或：Everyone would agree that. B 结尾 1) Only in this way/Only when/Only through, will/can we或：It is only if/whenthat we will It is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want. 2) As long aswe will be able to/the problem is bound to As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life. 3) With a constant/steady improvement in (或With the gradual worsening of) sth. will With a steady improvement in our legal system, this problem will sure be solved earlier or later. 4) In a word there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that.in time to come.A In one word, there is every chance that this Chinese traditon will continue to entertain millions of Chinese citizens. C. 中间 1建议和解决方法 1）. A great number of solutions are being offered. Some people suggest that _. Others argue that _. 2）. But I dont think it is a very good way to solve _. For instance, _. Worst of all, _. 3）. My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,. Secondly,. Finally 4）. If we let the situation go as it is, . By that time, . 如果让这种情况继续发展下去，那么到那个时候，。 5） If, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果（我们怎么怎么做），那将没有比这令我更高兴的了。 2.It 结构 1） It is advisable to exercise（拥有）patience in dealing with such complicated situations. 2） It is necessary that young and old people should communicate more with each other. 3） It is certain that fresh air and exercises are more enjoyable and beneficial than medicine. 4） It is well known that many of our problems are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. 5） It seemed to me that the only thing that matters is to learn through failure. 6） It pays in the long run （从长远的角度看）to introduce new technique. 3.动名词或分词结构 1） Drinking，eating，and smoking excessively can do severe harm to even a young persons health. 2） The art of communication requires learning the language and culture of the audience. 4.递进式结构 1） Fresh vegetables are nutritious（有营养的）；furthermore，they re cheaper than frozen ones. 2） Helping others will not only bring joy into other peoples lives，but also added happiness into our own. 5.表示重要性或必要性 1） Its important to set aside time for relaxation，hobbies ，and entertainment as well. 2） A harmonious atmosphere is essential（necessary / critical / indispensable）to achieve success. 3） Global warming can endanger our lives so much that we are obliged to make a careful study of the problem and try to find out a lasting solution to it. 6.表示目的 1） The purpose of a test is to show what you have leaned about a subject. 2） The intent is not to catch everyone but rather to catch enough to spread the word. 3） Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competitive world of college and business. 7.表示结果 1） Too much work and too little rest may lead to loss of health. 2） If you try to learn too many things at a time，you may get confused. 3） By consistent hard work we will be able to achieved our objectives （目标）. 8.表示对比和比较 1） Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment. 2） Work is more than a necessity for most human beings；it is the focus of their lives，the source of their identity and creativity. 3） Rather than a punishment or a burden，work is the opportunity to realize ones potential. 4） The more scientists find out，the more questions they are unable to answer. 9.表示条件或假设的结构 1） Without the distraction of TV，they might sit around together after dinner. 2） As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise it keeps its power. 3） Were it left to me to decide whether we should _, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. 4） Without a degree and with no vocational experience their chances of getting good jobs are slim. 10.表示举例 1） Take_for example， 2） An illustration（例证）may make the point clear. 11.表示采取措施 1） The government should be taking effective（有效的）measures to overcome current difficulties. 2） As college students, we are obliged to make every effort to help support the Olymic Games. 3） The school authorities should invest more energy and money in improving working and living conditions for the teachers. 12.表示让步关系 1） While it may be more convenient to possess a car，it is also expensive and troublesome at times. 2） Although I do not earn a great deal of money for this job，the pleasure I receive from the work makes it worthwhile. 13.表示因果或前提关系 1） Because of(owing to) the pressure（压力）of examinations， many students are left with little or no free time. 2） Perhaps its because few of us know how to accept compliments（赞扬）gracefully. 3） That is why housework is considered as such a dreary grind（乏味的苦差事）。 4） The reason for this is that 14.表示存在的问题 1）One of the greatest problems facing the 21st century will be what to do with all the rubbish produced in the world. 2） To travel abroad is a desire shared by many people，but few can afford to do it. 3） Cheating is now considered to be a major problem in colleges and universities. 4） Many people find it harder and harder to keep up with the radical changes that characterize our time. 5） At first thought， the problem seems far too involved （复杂），