高三英语第一轮复习知识点-1.docx

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑高三英语第一轮复习学问点 . 我们在我们的劳动过程中学习思考，劳动的结果，我们生疏了世界的奥妙，于是我们就真正来转变生活了。游手好闲地学习，并不比学习游手好闲好。以下是我给大家整理的高三英语第一轮复习学问点，期望能关怀到你! 高三英语第一轮复习学问点1 1. impression n.印痕;印记;印象;感想 常用结构： have an impression of sth./doing sth. 对(做)某事有印象 make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象 make no impression on 对无影响/效果 give sb.a favorable impression 给某人留下好印象 an impression of ones foot 某人的脚印 Your performance gave me a strong impression. 你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。 What I said made no impression on him. 我的话对他不起作用。 联想拓展 impress v.留下印象 impress sth.on/upon ones mind 把牢记在心上 2. lack v.n. 缺乏;缺少的东西 留意：lack作名词时，后常接of。lack作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for或in。lack不用于被动语态。 常用结构： lack sth. 缺少某物 lack for sth. 缺少;需要 for/through lack of. 因缺乏 no lack of. 不缺乏 a/the lack of . 的缺乏 He didnt go there because he lacked courage. 他没去那里，由于他缺乏士气。 The plant died for lack of water.植物因缺水而死。 They lacked for nothing.他们无所需求。 联想拓展 lacking adj. 匮乏的;缺乏的;没有的 be lacking in 缺乏(品质、特点等) She seems to be lacking in common sense. 她好像缺乏常识。 3. sight n. 视力;视觉;观看;光景，奇观;名胜 常用结构： lose sight of 看不见;遗忘;失去 catch sight of sth./sb. 观看某物/人 at first sight 初看之下;乍看起来 at (the) sight of 一观看就 out of sight 看不见 be in sight 看得见，在眼前 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不烦。 Last summer we had seen the sights of Beijing. 去年夏天我们巡游了北京的名胜。 Crusoe was frightened at the sight of a mans footprint. 克鲁索看到一行人的脚印，他特殊可怕。 4. require vt. 需要;要求;指令 常用结构： require that+主语+(should)+动词原形 需要某人做某事 require sb. to do sth. 指令某人做某事 require sth.(of sb.) 要求(某人)某事 I will do everything that is required of me. 凡是要求我的事，我都会办到。 The situation requires that I(should)be there. 形势需要我去那里。 温馨提示 require后接宾语从句时，宾语从句必需用should do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。 另外，表示“需要”，且是物作主语时，后接动词 ?ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义，可以等于不定式被动形式;在这一点上，need和want用法相同。 The house requires mending. The house requires to be mended. 房屋需要修理。 All cars require servicing regularly. 全部汽车都需要定期检修。 They required him to keep it a secret. 他们要求他对这事保密。 5. assist vt.vi. 关怀;救援;参与;出席 常用结构： assist sb. in/with sth. 关怀(某人)某事 assist sb. in doing sth. 关怀(某人)做某事 assist sb. to do sth. 关怀(某人)做某事 assist with 关怀(照料，做);在上赐予关怀 I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity. 有机会我愿随时帮你。 Im afraid I cant assist you, you have to go and see the manager. 我生怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。 The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free. 有空时校长会挂念做很多事。 高三英语第一轮复习学问点2 表强调： still，indeed，ofcourse，afterall，aboveall，surely，certainly，undoubtedly，inanycase，anyway，infact，especially，obviously，clearly 表比较 like，unlike，similarly，inthesameway，equally，similarto 表对比 bycontrast，onthecontrary，while.，whereas，ontheotherhand，unlike，instead，but，differentfrom，however，otherwise，yet，theformerthelatter，oncenow，someother，yearsagotoday 表列举 foronethingandforanother，like 表举例 Forexample，forinstance，suchas，takeforexample，exceptfor 表时间 Later，next，then，finally，atlast，eventually，meanwhile，fromnowon，fromthenon，atthesametime，forthetimebeing，intheend，immediately，inthemeantime，inthemeanwhile，recently，soon，nowandthen，during，nowadays，since，lately，afterwards，temporarily，earlier，now，afterawhile，when，while，before，after，until，assoonas，then，suddenly，inafewdays，inrecentyears，earlythismorning/year/century，allofsudden，themoment 表挨次 First，second，third，firstly，secondly，thirdly，tobeginwith，firstofall，inthefirstplace，last，finally，eventually，intheend，atlast，next，aboveall，firstandmostimportant，meanwhile 表解释 Inotherwords，infact，asamatteroffact，thatis，thatistosay，namely， 表递进 Whatismore，inaddition，and，alsobesides，too，moreover，furthermore，aswellas，aswell，again，additionally，whatisworse? 表让步 Although，though，eventhough，afterall，inspiteof，evenif， 表转折 However，ratherthen，insteadof，but，yet，ontheotherhand，unfortunately，despite 表缘由 Forthisreason，for，nowthat，thanksto，assince，owingto，because，becauseof，dueto， 表结果 So，so/suchthat，therefore，thus，asaresult，accordingly 表总结 Onthewhole，inconclusion，inaword，tosumup，inbrief，insummary，toconclude，tosummarize，inshort，ingeneral，generallyspeaking，aboveall，afterall 其他 Mostly，occasionally，naturally，mainly，exactly，commonly，forthispurpose，formostofus，inmanycases，inthiscase. 高三英语第一轮复习学问点3 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有转变。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。 例如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 特殊荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 惊异的是 (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that 好像 It happened that 碰巧 (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证明 3. 主语从句不行位于句首的五种状况。 (1) if 引导的主语从句不行居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said ， (reported) 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens， It occurs 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如： It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不行提前。 例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区分。 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不然。 例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语。 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略) 例如： I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由what， whether (if) 引导的宾语从句 例如： 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句 例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语。 例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语。 例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在以下形容词后作宾语： Anxious， aware， certain， confident， convinced， determined， glad， proud， surprised， worried， sorry， thankful， ashamed， disappointed， annoyed， pleased， hurt， satisfied， content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作缘由状语从句。 4. It 可以作为形式宾语。 It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特殊是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month. 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词。 这类动词有Allow， refuse， let， like， cause， force， admire， condemn， celebrate， dislike， love， help， take， forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不行以用that引导的宾语从句。 例如： I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong) 6. 不行用that从句作直接宾语的动词。 有些动词不行用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy， order， accuse， refuse， impress， forgive， blame， denounce， advise， congratulate等。 例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) 7. 否认的转移 若主句谓语动词为Think， consider， wuppose， believe， expect， fancy， guess， imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否认意义，一般要把否认词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用确定式。 例如： I dont think this dress fits you well.(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。) 表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be， look， remain， seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。 例如： 1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2) This is why we cant get the support of the people 3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 1. 同位语从句的功能。 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。 例如： 1) The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置。 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分。 (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 (2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告知我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语) 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分) 。 高三英语第一轮复习学问点相关文章： 高三英语一轮复习的学问点详解 高三英语第一轮复习学习方法 2021年高三英语复习学问点归纳 高三英语第一轮复习策略 应对高三英语一轮复习的5个原则 高三英语第一轮复习打算 高三英语一轮复习打算 高三英语学问点整理 高三英语期末复习学问点 高考英语第一轮复习方法 第 12 页 共 12 页