初中现在完成时讲解以及练习题.docx

（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词 have + 过去分词构成，助动词 have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用 has，其余用 have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上 not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定）Yes, you have. No, you havent.Yes, I have. No, I havent.Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作 或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如 recently, already, just,lately, for, since,yet 等。如：I havent heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如 arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. 以上三句话可以改为：2）have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较：They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago,just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently,once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：I havent read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. How long have you _ here?3. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?- Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.10. -_ you ever _ to the US?- Yes, twice.III. Rewrite the sentences.3. I bough a new bike just now. (用 just 改写)I _ just _ a new bike. 7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) （动词填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago.Ask the questions_ _ _ you _ _?2) My father has lived here since 2000.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13.自从 1999 年以来他们就认识。14.我来到这个学校已 3 年多了。二、用 since 和 for 填空 2._two years ago3._last month 4._ 199912. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children. be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He.2) I moved to the USA in 2008.3) I went home yesterday.I.I.4) They came here last week.They _ here since _. come to / go back to / return to be back to1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ for _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours. get up be up； die be dead； leave sp. be away from sp.They _ _ _since _. start / begin to do sth. do sth. ；begin be onThe film _ _ _ for _ _. 3) I got to know him last year.He has gone to Beijing.He _ Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member of the league / the Party be in the league / the Party / the army_ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000.3) John _ England since he came back. 5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.14) _ they often _ skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.3) I got to know him last year.He has gone to Beijing.He _ Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member of the league / the Party be in the league / the Party / the army_ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000.3) John _ England since he came back. 5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.14) _ they often _ skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.3) I got to know him last year.He has gone to Beijing.He _ Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member of the league / the Party be in the league / the Party / the army_ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000.3) John _ England since he came back. 5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.14) _ they often _ skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.