C++面向对象程序的设计上机考试题库完整.docx

C++面向对象程序设计上机考试题库
一、第一类题目〔20道，每题7分，在word中保存代码并将输出结果窗口保存〕
1．定义盒子Box类，要求具有以下成员：长、宽、高分别为x,y,z，可设置盒子形状；可计算盒子体积；可计算盒子的外表积。
#include<iostream>
class Box
{ private:
int x,y,z; int v,s;
public:
void int(int x1=0,int y1=0,int z1=0) {x=x1;y=y1;z=z1;}
void volue() {v=x*y*z;}
void area() {s=2*(x*y+x*z+y*z);}
void show()
{cout<<"x= "<<x<<" y= "<<y<<" z="<<z<<endl;
cout<<"s= "<<s<<" v= "<<v<<endl;
}
};

void main()
{ Box a;
a.init(2,3,4);
a.volue();
a.area();
a.show();
}
2． 有两个长方柱，其长、宽、高分别为：〔1〕30，20，10；〔2〕12，10，20。分别求他们的体积。编一个基于对象的程序，在类中用带参数的构造函数。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Box
{public:
Box(int,int,int);//带参数的构造函数
int volume();
private:
int length;
int width;
int height;
};
Box::Box(int len,int h,int w)
{length=len;
height=h;
width=w;
}
//Box::Box(int len,int w,int,h):length(len),height(h),width(w){}
int Box::volume()
{return(length*width*height); }

int main()
{
Box box1(30,20,10);
cout<<"The volume of box1 is "<<box1.volume()<<endl;
Box box2(12,10,20);
cout<<"The volume of box2 is "<<box2.volume()<<endl;
return 0;
}
3． 有两个长方柱，其长、宽、高分别为：〔1〕12，20，25；〔2〕10，30，20。分别求他们的体积。编一个基于对象的程序，且定义两个构造函数，其中一个有参数，一个无参数。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Box
{public:
Box();
Box(int len,int w ,int h):length(len),width(w),height(h){}
int volume();
private:
int length;
int width;
int height;
};

int Box::volume()
{return(length*width*height);
}

int main()
{
Box box1(10,20,25);
cout<<"The volume of box1 is "<<box1.volume()<<endl;
Box box2(10,30,20);
cout<<"The volume of box2 is "<<box2.volume()<<endl;
return 0;
}

4． 声明一个类模板，利用它分别实现两个整数、浮点数和字符的比拟，求出大数和小数。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template<class numtype>//声明一个类模板
class Compare
{public:
Compare(numtype a,numtype b)
{x=a;y=b;}
numtype max()
{return (x>y)?x:y;}
numtype min()
{return (x<y)?x:y;}
private:
numtype x,y;
};
int main()
{Compare<int> cmp1(3,7);
cout<<cmp1.max()<<" is the Maximum of two inteder numbers."<<endl;
cout<<cmp1.min()<<" is the Minimum of two inteder numbers."<<endl<<endl;
Compare<float> cmp2(45.78,93.6);
cout<<cmp2.max()<<" is the Maximum of two float numbers."<<endl;
cout<<cmp2.min()<<" is the Minimum of two float numbers."<<endl<<endl;
Compare<char> cmp3('a','A');
cout<<cmp3.max()<<" is the Maximum of two characters."<<endl;
cout<<cmp3.min()<<" is the Minimum of two characters."<<endl;
return 0;
}

5． 建立一个对象数组，放5个学生的数据〔学号、成绩〕，用指针指向数组首元素，输出第1，3，5个学生的数据。初值自拟。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,double s):num(n),score(s){}
void display();
private:
int num;
double score;
};

void Student::display()
{cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}

int main()
{Student stud[5]={
Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),
Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};
Student *p=stud;
for(int i=0;i<=2;p=p+2,i++)
p->display();
return 0;
}
6． 建立一个对象数组，放5个学生的数据〔学号、成绩〕，设立一个函数max，用指向对象的指针作函数参数，在max函数中找出5个学生中成绩最高者，并输出其学号。初值自拟。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
int num;
float score;
};

void main()
{Student stud[5]={
Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),
Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};
void max(Student* );
Student *p=&stud[0];
max(p);
}

void max(Student *arr)
{float max_score=arr[0].score;
int k=0;
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
if(arr[i].score>max_score) {max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;}
cout<<arr[k].num<<" "<<max_score<<endl;
}

7． 用new建立一个动态一维数组，并初始化int[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10},用指针输出，最后销毁数组所占空间。
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
void main(){
int *p;
p=new int[10];
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
*(p+i-1)=i;
cout<<*(p+i-1)<<" ";
}
cout<<endl;
delete []p;
return;
}
8． 定义一个复数类Complex，重载运算符“+〞，使之能用于复数的加法运算。将运算符函数重载为非成员、非友元的普通函数。编写程序，求两个复数之和。初值自拟。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
double get_real();
double get_imag();
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};

double Complex::get_real()
{return real;}

double Complex::get_imag()
{return imag;}

void Complex::display()
{cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}

Complex operator + (Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());
}
int main()
{Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c3=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
9． 定义一个复数类Complex，重载运算符“＋〞，“—〞，使之能用于复数的加，减运算，运算符重载函数作为Complex类的成员函数。编程序，分别求出两个复数之和，差。初值自拟。
using namespace std;
class Complex
{public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
Complex operator+(Complex &c2);
Complex operator-(Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2)
{Complex c;
c.real=real+c2.real;
c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
return c;}

Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2)
{Complex c;
c.real=real-c2.real;
c.imag=imag-c2.imag;
return c;}

void Complex::display()
{cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}

int main()
{Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1-c2;
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
10． 定义一个复数类Complex，重载运算符 “*〞，“/〞，使之能用于复数的乘，除。运算符重载函数作为Complex类的成员函数。编程序，分别求出两个复数之积和商。初值自拟。提示：两复数相乘的计算公式为：(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(ad+bc)i。两复数相除的计算公式为：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c*c+d*d)+(bc-ad) /(c*c+d*d)i。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
Complex operator*(Complex &c2);
Complex operator/(Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2)
{Complex c;
c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;
c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;
return c;}

Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2)
{Complex c;

return c;}

void Complex::display()
{cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}

int main()
{Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1*c2;
cout<<"c1*c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1/c2;
cout<<"c1/c2=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
11． 定义一个复数类Complex，重载运算符“＋〞，使之能用于复数的加法运算。参加运算的两个运算量可以都是类对象，也可以其中有一个是整数，顺序任意。例如：c1+c2，i+c1，c1+i均合法〔设i为整数，c1，c2为复数〕。编程序，分别求两个复数之和、整数和复数之和。初值自拟。
#include <iostream.h>
class Complex
{public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
Complex operator+(Complex &c2);
Complex operator+(int &i);
friend Complex operator+(int&,Complex &);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c)
{return Complex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);}

Complex Complex::operator+(int &i)
{return Complex(real+i,imag);}

void Complex::display()
{cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}

Complex operator+(int &i,Complex &c)
{return Complex(i+c.real,c.imag);}

int main()
{Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
int i=5;
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display();
c3=i+c1;
cout<<"i+c1=";
c3.display();
c3=c1+i;
cout<<"c1+i=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
12． 有两个矩阵a和b，均为2行3列。求两个矩阵之和。重载运算符“+〞，使之能用于矩阵相加。如c=a+b。初值自拟。
#include <iostream.h>
class Matrix
{public:
Matrix();
friend Matrix operator+(Matrix &,Matrix &);
void input();
void display();
private:
int mat[2][3];
};

Matrix::Matrix()
{for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
mat[i][j]=0;
}

Matrix operator+(Matrix &a,Matrix &b)
{Matrix c;
for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
{c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}
return c;
}
void Matrix::input()
{cout<<"input value of matrix:"<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
cin>>mat[i][j];
}

void Matrix::display()
{for (int i=0;i<2;i++)
{for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
{cout<<mat[i][j]<<" ";}
cout<<endl;}
}

int main()
{Matrix a,b,c;
a.input();
b.input();
cout<<endl<<"Matrix a:"<<endl;
a.display();
cout<<endl<<"Matrix b:"<<endl;
b.display();
c=a+b;
cout<<endl<<"Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :"<<endl;
c.display();
return 0;
}
13． 将运算符“＋〞重载为适用于复数加法，重载函数不作为成员函数，而放在类外，作为Complex类的友元函数。初值自拟。
#include <iostream.h>
class Complex
{public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r){real=r;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
friend Complex operator+ (Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};

Complex operator+ (Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real+c2.real, c1.imag+c2.imag);
}

void Complex::display()
{cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}

int main()
{Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1="; c1.display();
cout<<"c2="; c2.display();
cout<<"c1+c2="; c3.display();
return 0;
}
14. 定义一个字符串类String，用来存放不定长的字符串，重载运算符“＝＝〞，，用于两个字符串的等于比拟运算。初值自拟。
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
class String
{public:
String(){p=NULL;}
String(char *str);
friend bool operator==(String &string1,String &string2);
void display();
private:
char *p;
};

String::String(char *str)
{p=str;
}

void String::display()
{cout<<p;}

bool operator==(String &string1,String &string2)
{if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)==0)
return true;
else
return false;
}

void compare(String &string1,String &string2)
{if(operator==(string1,string2)==1)
{string1.display();cout<<"=";string2.display();}
cout<<endl;
}

int main()
{String string1("Hello"),string2("Hello");
compare(string1,string2);
return 0;
}

15. 定义一个字符串类String，用来存放不定长的字符串，重载运算符"<"，用于两个字符串的小于的比拟运算。初值自拟。
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
class String
{public:
String(){p=NULL;}
String(char *str);
friend bool operator<(String &string1,String &string2);
void display();
private:
char *p;
};

String::String(char *str)
{p=str;
}

void String::display()
{cout<<p;}

bool operator<(String &string1,String &string2)
{if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)<0)
return true;
else
return false;
}

void compare(String &string1,String &string2)
{if(operator<(string1,string2)==1)
{string1.display();cout<<"<";string2.display();}
cout<<endl;
}

int main()
{String string1("Book"),string2("Computer");
compare(string1,string2);
return 0;
}

16． 定义一个字符串类String，用来存放不定长的字符串，重载运算符">"，用于两个字符串的大于的比拟运算。初值自拟。
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
class String
{public:
String(){p=NULL;}
String(char *str);
friend bool operator>(String &string1,String &string2);
void display();
private:
char *p;
};

String::String(char *str)
{p=str;
}

void String::display()
{cout<<p;}

bool operator>(String &string1,String &string2)
{if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)>0)
return true;
else
return false;
}

void compare(String &string1,String &string2)
{if(operator>(string1,string2)==1)
{string1.display();cout<<">";string2.display();}
cout<<endl;
}

int main()
{String string1("Hello"),string2("Book");
compare(string1,string2);
return 0;}
17． 定义一个描述学生根本情况的类，数据成员包括、学号、C++成绩、英语和数学成绩，成员函数包括输出数据，求出总成绩和平均成绩。数据自拟。
#include"string.h"
#include <iostream.h>
class CStuScore
{ public:
char strName[12];
char strStuNO[9];
void SetScore( char sname[12], char NO[9],float s0, float s1, float s2)
{
strcpy(strName, sname);
strcpy(strStuNO, NO);
fScore[0] = s0;
fScore[1] = s1;
fScore[2] = s2; }
void print()
{ cout<<
cout<<":"<<strName;
cout<<"学号:"<<strStuNO;
cout<<" C++成绩:"<<fScore[0]<<"英语成绩："<<fScore[1]<<"数学成绩："<<fScore[2]<<endl; }

float GetSUM()
{ return (float)((fScore[0] + fScore[1] + fScore[2])); }
float GetAverage();
private:
float fScore[3];
};
float CStuScore::GetAverage()
{ return (float)((fScore[0] + fScore[1] + fScore[2])/3.0); }
void main()
{ CStuScore one;
float a,b,c;
char Name[12];
char StuNO[9];
cout<<":";
cin>>Name;
cout<<"学号:";
cin>>StuNO;
cout<<" 成绩1:"<<" 成绩2： "<<" 成绩3： "<<"\n";
cin>>a>>b>>c;
one.SetScore(Name,StuNO,a,b,c);
one.print();
cout<<"平均成绩为 "<<one.GetAverage()<<"\n";
cout<<"总成绩"<<one.GetSUM()<<"\n";}
18． 先建立一个Point〔点〕类，包含数据成员x，y〔坐标点〕。以它为基类，派生出一个Circle〔圆〕类，增加数据成员r〔半径〕，再以Circle类为直接基类，派生出一个Cylinder〔圆柱体〕类，在增加数据成员h〔高〕。编写程序，重载运算符“<<〞和“>>〞，使之能够用于输出以上类对象。
#include <iostream.h>
class Point
{public:
Point(float=0,float=0);
void setPoint(float,float);
float getX() const {return x;}
float getY() const {return y;}
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &,const Point &);
protected:
float x,y;
};

Point::Point(float a,float b)
{x=a;y=b;}
void Point::setPoint(float a,float b)
{x=a;y=b;}
ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,const Point &p)
{output<<"["<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<"]"<<endl;
return output;
}

class Circle:public Point
{public:
Circle(float x=0,float y=0,float r=0);
void setRadius(float);
float getRadius() const;
float area () const;
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &,const Circle &);
protected:
float radius;
};

Circle::Circle(float a,float b,float r):Point(a,b),radius(r){}

void Circle::setRadius(float r)
{radius=r;}

float Circle::getRadius() const {return radius;}

float Circle::area() const
{return 3.14159*radius*radius;}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &output,const Circle &c)
{output<<"Center=["<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<"], r="<<c.radius<<", area="<<c.area()<<endl;
return output;
}

class Cylinder:public Circle
{public:
Cylinder (float x=0,float y=0,float r=0,float h=0);
void setHeight(float);
float getHeight() const;
float area() const;
float volume() const;
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,const Cylinder&);
protected:
float height;
};

Cylinder::Cylinder(float a,float b,float r,float h)
:Circle(a,b,r),height(h){}

void Cylinder::setHeight(float h){height=h;}

float Cylinder::getHeight() const {return height;}

float Cylinder::area() const
{ return 2*Circle::area()+2*3.14159*radius*height;}

float Cylinder::volume() const
{return Circle::