1、大学英语六级各题型应试技巧资料仅供参考英语各题型应试技巧 英语各题型应试技巧听力测试1快速读题。 经过抢先看题,从选项所透露的信息中了解录音原文所涉及的话题、大致内容以及可能提出的问题,做到听的时候有针对性。 把注意力集中在那些有较大差异的部分,经过比较和鉴别,迅速做出正确判断。例如,在通读了选项AIn JulyBIn JuneCIn August后,把注意力集中在July,June,August这几个关键词上,就能够立即看出这是一个考查时间的试题,从而把握住听的方向。对长选项应采取跳读的方式,作两步处理:第一步,整体看,以发现共同点。第二步:竖着读,着重看区别。做到心中有数,抓住重要信息提示
2、,再去听录音材料。例如: A He went to see his doctor in his spare time yesterday B He visited his friends when he was free yesterday C He called on an old farmer after work yesterday 从选项中可看到,三个选项的主语、谓语部分基本相同,而宾语有很大的区别。先抓住doctor, friends,farmer三个词,然后根据所听录音做出判断。 2细心听题。 A听对话理解时,可能无法从对话中直接找出答案。必须回忆对话内容,用归纳、推理判断或计算等
3、方法,将所获取的信息进行加工,然后答题。 B要注意听对话者之间的委婉表示。这种题需要考生仔细推敲,找出其“潜台词”。 C听短文时,需做到整体理解中心内容,把握主要情节,抓要点,边听边用笔记下重要信息,如全文或段落主题句的关键词,人名、地名、日期、数字等关键词等。 D对于未听懂而又必须理解的关键词,要在听过全文之后,再根据上下文猜测词义。切忌在某个词上纠缠,结果一步跟不上,步步都踏空。 E注意抓听短文的首句和首段。因为,首句或首段往往是全篇文章的理解线索。听懂这些有助于整体理解文章。 3果断选题。 考生在选择答案时必须坚决果断,切记不可因某个小题未听懂而患得患失,不可因一题失多题。 4做完所有听
4、力20道选择题后,一般来说,没有百分之百的把握,不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。因为,据统计,第一次选择往往比改动后的选择更可靠。单项选择 动词及动词短语运用、四种基本时态、情态动词、定语从句、情景交际是重点,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级以及词性间的转化、连接副词、关联词、介词也考,但量不大。冠词、代词、句型和惯用法是考查的新趋势,名词逐渐让位于代词纳入冠词考查。主谓一致、非谓语动词、倒装、强调和疑问尾句等重难点,实际考查的只是最基本的东西,且分值不大,因此不必花太多力气,做无用功。 单项选择主要还是考查考生的词汇识别、辨析能力、文化差异的感受能力和语言运用能力,语法上注重动词问题和一定的覆盖面
5、。 单选题解题参考:1.长而复杂的选项未必就是正确的。2.连续四题选项相同可能性不到1%。3.不要想当然,但已经做过的难题不要因为太容易而犹豫。4.要多用排除法。5.遇上疑问句、强调句、定语从句、插入语等要对题干进行简化法和还原法。学生们对英语的一些特定句型掌握不住,在口头交际和书面表示时,频繁出现错误,为便于理解,掌握和运用,特归纳解析: 常见的语义重复现象,.不能与括号内的词并用。 because-(so) though/although-(but) repeat -(the same ,again) repay-(back) return-(back) unite-(together)
6、combine-(together) master-(well) hate-(very much) advance-(forward) improve-(better) sink(down) renew-(again) about/around(or so) walk-(on foot) alone-(by oneself) still-(remain) meet-(together) no-(not any/not a) think over-(carefully) can-(be able to)(very)-perfect (very)-excellent (very)- tiny (v
7、ery)-huge enter(into)be about to do-(at once /immediately) both-(as well as, equal , equally, together) 难点解析:如果enter和into连用 表示to allow oneself to share in or become part of 分享,投身于,成为.的一部分 He entered in to the spirit of the game with great excitement她兴致勃勃,融入比赛的气氛中 表示to begin to take part in formally
8、(正式 开始参加 Before you enter into an agreement, you should read the contract carefully. 在签署协议之前,你应该仔细阅读合同 触及身体某一部位的表示方式 在汉语中,把被触及身体某一部位作为动词的宾语,如:打她的脸;拍她的头。 在英语中,则把接受动作的人作为宾语,用介词短语来说明接触到的身体某一部位,即用下面的句式 主语+谓语+sb. + 介词+the+身体部位 约翰打了她的脸。 误: John hit his face. 正:John hit him in the face. 解析:在这一句型中常见的 动词有:hi
9、t , pat , beat , touch , strike 等等。 关于介词的选用问题: 一般身体部位比较硬而突出的地方或强调接触人体的表面,用介词on;如on the head(back ,nose ,shoulder, chest, ) 一般在软而凹的部位用介词 in 如: in the face (eye, stomach, rib.) 一般表示抓, 拉, 握, 牵等。常见动词:catch , seize ,grab ,pull ,take, hold, 身体的某一部位时,用介词by. 选择填空: 1. The boss_ him _back and told him somethi
10、ng secret Key (D) A patted.by the B patted on his C pattedin the D patted on the 2. Mary led a granny_ hand to across the street Key (D) A in, the B on the C by her D by the 3. He felt someone _ him on _shoulder when he was watching the game. KEY (C) A patted, his B pat, his C patting, the D patted,
11、 his 辨别since从句肯定与否定的三条规律 非延续性动词的一般过去时充当since从句的谓语时,从句的内容和形式是统一的,从句的意义是“自从.以来”.。非延续性动词又叫终止性动词/结束性动词。如 come ,leave ,give ,die ,arrive ,return ,find 等。 1. We have lived in Shanghai since we parted 自从分手以来,我们一直住在上海。 2. I have not been to Beijing since I came to study here in 自从 来此学习后,我就没去过北京。 延续性动词的一般过去时
12、充当since从句的谓语时,从句的内容和形式是对立的,从句的意义是“自从不.以来,或自从.结束以来”。延续性动词所表示的动作和状态能够一直持续下去。如: work ,study ,live ,teach等。 1. Things have become even more difficult since I had the bike 误 自从我有了那辆自行车以后,情况就更糟糕了。 正 自从我丢了那辆自行车以后,情况就更糟糕了。 2. We have not heard from Mike since he worked there 。 误 自从迈克在那里工作,我们再也没有收到她的来信。 正 自从
13、迈克不在那里工作以后,我们再也没有收到她的来信 3. It is a week since he was in hospital. 误她住院有一个星期了. 正 她出院有一个星期了 特殊情况 在下面情况, 虽然since从句的谓语仍由延续性动词充当,但从句的形式与内容上却是统一的。 1 延续性动词的现在完成时充当since从句的谓语.。 She has made much progress since she has been a teacher. 当了老师以后,她的进步很大 2 since与ever连用时,延续性动词的一般过去时充当从句的谓语。 She has given me a lot o
14、f help ever since she worked in our factory. 她来我们厂工作后,给我很多帮助。完形填空1充分利用上下文。选单词的时候,不要把单词孤立起来选,要结合上下文来做,特别是搭配、连词等选项更是如此。 2不要过多浪费时间,如果有某个不会,就迅速放弃,不能够在一个小问题上用太多时间,而耽误了整体利益。 3不要按照中国人的思维模式去选择词汇。我认为,其实,考生在做完型填空时要试着做一个接受者,对于自己想不通的用法,在正确的前提下,记住就能够了。4. 切不可边看短文边选择答案,一定先跳读全文,再回头做题。阅读理解1合理安排时间,每个题都不能轻视,也不能在一个阅读上花
15、费太多时间。因为题量大,而且分值高,因此,要平均时间,每一个都不能够忽视。 2快读,了解文章的大意和主题思想。快读时,应特别注意文章的开始段、结束段、文章中每段的段首句和结尾句以及篇章连接手段和行文中的信息词,这里往往也是设题点所在。 3阅读时要把题干的主要问题弄清楚,找出关键句、关键词,注意一定要在阅读过程中把设题的部分做出记号,这是你要重点分析的部分。不但要理解字面意思,而且要经过推理、判断、弄清文章中“字里行间”潜在意思。这就是所谓的“细读”,这时,对没有学过的生词,要根据上下文来推测其意义;对难以看懂的长句,可借助语法手段,对其加以分析,以达到透彻理解。 六大设题模式如下:a理解主旨要
16、义或者文章的话题;b理解文中具体信息;c根据上下文推测生词的词义;d根据文中的信息,做出判断推理;e理解文章的基本结构;f理解作者的意图和基本态度。短文改错一、一致性问题1.主谓一致1)What are your favourite sport?(97) is这是对疑问句主谓一致的考查。2) Play football not only makes us grow up tall (98) Playing动词原形加-ing构成动名词形式,与谓语动词makes一致。3) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.( )are主语
17、为复数概念“我的照片和奖牌”。2.时态一致1) It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.(96)drive 连词and连接的是两个并列的动作meet和drive。2)They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing. (96)had 整篇文章记述过去发生的事情,用的是过去时。3)Hello,I learn about you from my Engli
18、sh teacher,(97)learned 从教师那儿知道,是过去发生的行为,故须用过去时。4) My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. (98)am整篇文章描述现在的情况,用的是一般现在时。此句也应改为一般现在时。5)not only makes usbut also give us a sense of fair play(98)gives“not only”连接的应是两个相等的成份,用第三人称单数。6)I am happy with any programme but the
19、 others spent a lot of time arguing(99)was此句描述的是过去的事情,且下句也是用的过去时,故要改为was。7) I remembered her words and calm down.( ) calmed 连词and连接两个相等的成份。3.名词的单复数一致1)and asked me lots of question.(96)questions “question”为可数名词,用在lots of后面,应加-s。2)We study quite a few subject,such as maths,(97)subjects A few后面应跟可数名词的
20、复数形式。3)and often watch football match on TV(98)matches 经常观看足球赛,足球赛应为复数形式。4)She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success,( )schoolmates 此处同学为复数概念,应加上-s。4.代词的性、数一致1)The Smiths did his best to make me feel(96)their 主语The Smiths用以指代一家人或夫妇俩,后面的代词应该用their。2) And they must not break the rules
21、too often if we want to win the games.(98)we 全文谈论的都是“我们”的事,此处也应一致。3) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another.(99)one 此句考查表示三者以上的代词搭配oneanother。4)The day before the speech contest English teacher( )my 可数名词前一般要加修饰语。此句虽然有English,但指代不明。根据上下文,加上my比较贴切。5.语意一致She was smiling but nod
22、ding at me.( ) and 微笑和点头在语意上是并列的关系。二、词义的重叠1.Today I visited the Smithsmy first time visit to(96)这一题是考查英汉不同的表示习惯。汉语的“第一次访问”,英语说my first visit即可,time是多余的。2.First,let me tell you something more about myself.(97)因为是头一次交朋友,以前并不了解,无所谓“更多”。more明显是多余的。3.Now I cant watch much television but a few years ago I
23、 used to watch it every nightand there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set.(99)此题难度较大。它在语义上出现重叠,但答案一直到短文最后一句才出现。电视机既已卖掉,就不可能再看了,更不可能看“很多”。故要去掉much。4. Whenever I see them I often think of my English teacher.( )此题易受汉语的影响,造成语意上的重叠。“每当我看见它们,我总会想起我的英语教师。”但英语中whenever之后一般不用often。三、
24、逻辑关系I live in Beijing,where is the capital of China.(97) which 考查定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法。此处where应改为which,因为它在定语从句中作主语。改错题考点:1.一致性问题:1)主谓一致 2)时态一致 3)名词代词的数、性别、指代关系与所有格的一致 4)行文逻辑关系的一致 5)句式结构与语意的一致2.动词的考点:1)时态:2)语态:3)非谓语动词;4) 动词辨析3.考点的分布:一致性问题 (以考名词和代词为主) 2 题;动词 23 题(参考动词的4个考点); 形容词副词1题(以考形容词副词互换或形容词副词比较级为主)
25、;连词23 题(参考:and-but-or互换,which-where互换,before-after互换);冠词 1 题;固定搭配和介词 1 2 题;正确 1 题。其中与上下文特别与上下行有关的23 题。4.增删改分布:增加一词:12题;删除一词:12题;合计至多3题;修改一词:56题。5.解题的方法:先做出24题最有把握的题目,其它根据 2. 3. 两点对号入座。注意and 、or、but 连接的长句和上下行。作文 首先,在写作的时候能够采用一些写作的套路。每次写作前问自己四个问题:这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的?主体时态用什么时态?人称用第几人称?能够分几段,之间用什么过渡词、连接词?带着这四
26、个问题去审题,搞清楚文章的主要内容,然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就能够了。 第二,对于基础好的学生,注意可适当用一些新鲜词汇,当然前提是要保持词汇运用的正确性。这有助于拿高分。对于基础一般的学生,只要用简单的句子把意思表示清楚,这样也能够保持一个平均分,不至于得零分。 第三,特别是要注意书写,给阅卷人留下良好的印象。书面表示很注重卷面,书写不好不要紧,但要写得干净、整洁。如何写好高考英语作文作文“看三遍”第一遍,只看单复数;第二遍,只看时态、语态;第三遍,再看拼写、用词、大小写和标点。同学们平时错得最多的就是单复数和时语态。做一篇英语作文要20分钟,而看一遍只要一分钟,三遍看过后是不会有很
27、大的毛病的。英语作文第一步先要做到内容完整,表词达意,没有语法错误,句子流畅;第二步才是句子漂亮和增添文采。一、以下四种手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法,也是得高分的“亮点”。1.改变句子的开头方式,不要一味地都是主语开头,接着是谓语、宾语,最后再加一个状语。能够把状语置于句首,或用分词做状语等。原文We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.修正Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.原文The
28、young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad news.修正Hearing the bad news,the young man couldnt help crying.2.在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式,要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等。强调句原文My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my little sister bravely.修正My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who h
29、ad saved my little sister bravely.由what等引导的从句,此处的what相当于中文的“所”,有很大的概括力,如:原文We had to stand there to catch the offender.修正What we had to do was (to) stand there,trying to catch the offender.What China has achieved in recent years is known through the world.China is no longer what it used to be.由with或
30、without引导的短语。如:He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand.分词短语。如:Satisfied with the result,he decided to go on with a new experiment.倒装句。如:Only in this way can we achieve our goal.Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.省略句。如:If so,victory will be ours.You can make some changes wherever n
31、ecessary.对比,这是中文中也常见的方法。如:Failure is not a crime,but failure to learn from failure is.When I play,I feel excited,and after it I feel relaxed.3.经过分句和合句,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。原文He stopped us half an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.修正He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offende
32、r.原文We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.修正After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing,telling jokes and playing chess.4.学会使用过渡词。如:递进: then(然后), besides(还有), furthermore(而且), moreover(另外)转折: however(然而), but(可是), on
33、 the country(相反), after all(毕竟) 总结: finally(最后), at last(最后), in brief(总之), in conclusion(最后) 强调: indeed(确实), certainly(一定), surely(确定), above all(特别) 对比: in the same way(同样地), just as(正如), on one handon the other hand(一方面另一方面)等。5.注意使用不同长度的句子。二、对于“较复杂的词汇”,能够从以下几个方面着手。1.注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单词,以增加文采。如:原文A n
34、ew railway is being built in my hometown.修正A new railway is under construction in my hometown.2.使用一些很有“洋味”的单词。如:Thank you for sharing the time with us. The way he views the world is very practical.3.避免重复使用某一单词或短语。如:原文I like reading while my brother likes watching television.修正I like reading while my
35、 brother enjoys watching television.范 文(注意文中划线部分的表示,学会借鉴)1. 对比类作文,谈过去用过去时态,谈现在当然用现在时态。 With the rapid development of our country, great changes have taken place in Chinese families. In the past, people considered owning radios, sewing machines and watches as signs of wealth. When they went out, they
36、 sometimes had to walk. If the living conditions were good, they could ride a bicycle or take a bus. Many lived in small poorly built rooms shared by the whole family.Nowadays, life is much better. Many ordinary families own colour TV sets, washing machines, mobile phones, computers and other modern
37、 equipment. People can travel by train or plane, and some even have cars. High buildings can be seen everywhere and offer larger living space for us.2. 注意提示要求,没做标题要求的不写标题,有要求的要正确写出标题。 注意综述、分述、总结。Being a volunteer is great!Zhang Hong, Wang Ming and Li Gang are studying in Hongzhi Middle School. They
38、spend several hours helping other people every week. Zhang Hong loves reading, so after class she helps young children to read in a primary school. Wang Ming is fond of animals and he works in an animal hospital every Saturday. Li Gang is good at singing, so in his spare time he sings for the patien
39、ts at the city hospital to cheer them up. They think it worth spending time doing what they love to, and they feel happy about helping others. What fun it is to be a volunteer!3. 图表类,注意时态的正确运用,尽量避免使用单一句型。北京市今年内交通工具发生了较大的变化。请根据下表内容提示,用英语写一篇短文,以便刊登在某一英文杂志上。年 份 自 行 车 出 租 车 私人汽车 公共汽车 2,000,000 101,500 6
40、5,000 8,500 2,250,000 220,000 136,000 8,600特 点 方便,健身 快捷,便宜 方便,快捷 慢,脏,拥挤注意:1、所写短文必须包括所有要点。2、参考词汇:私人的private 。3、标题: Changes in Means of Transportation of BeijingChanges in Means of Transportation of BeijingThere have been many changes in the means of transportation in Beijing in recent years. From to
41、, the number of bicycles increased by 12 percent of so(过去时,因为谈过去), for its convenient and a good form of exercise(现在时,谈客观事实). About 220,000 taxis appeared in . More and more people take taxis, because it saves a lot of time and the price is reasonable. The number of private cars owned by the rich in
42、 is 136,000, which is twice as many as in (同前所述). The number of buses doesnt change much as they are slow, dirty and crowded. Something must be done to improve the conditions of buses for their public use.4. 讨论类,将两方观点分别加以阐述,若文章提示要求给出作者本人的看法,不可遗漏。若不作要求,作者可视情况来写。写时可用in my opinion/ I think / I dont thi
43、nk (its a good idea)等等表明个人观点。 据报载,一位12岁少年从洪水中救起了一名落水儿童,此事在当地引起强烈反响。你班就“少年见义勇为的行为是否应该提倡”为题进行讨论。请你根据下面所提供的信息,写一篇英语短文,客观地介绍讨论情况。有些同学赞成,认为:1. 见义勇为是中华民族的传统美德。2. 这种行为会鼓励更多的英雄出现。3. 这种精神促使社会变得更美好。有些同学反对,认为:1. 少年的行为不太理智。少年年纪太小,她没有能力就这个儿童。2. 少年很可能牺牲自己的生命。要学会珍惜生命。3. 她能够用其它方法来就这个儿童,如扔块木头给落水儿童、喊大人帮忙等。 参考词汇:见义勇为-
44、 struggle for a just cause 美德-virtues 理智 - rational 珍惜-cherish It is reported in a newspaper that a 12-year-old boy saved a child in the flood. Should his action be encouraged or not? Our class held a discussion on the topic “Should teenagers be encouraged to struggle for a just cause?”. The opinion
45、s are divided.Some think struggling for a just cause is one of the traditional virtues of the Chinese people, which should be encouraged among the teenagers. In that case, more heroes will appear and our society will become more and more beautiful.However, many more are strongly against this action.
46、 They think the boys action is not rational. He is too young to save the child. Whats worse, it is very likely that the boy will lose his life. We should cherish our lives. They suggest saving a drowning child in a wiser way. For example, we can turn to adults nearby for help or throw a piece of wood at the child.5. 书信类,注意一些常见格式、交流用语。