2022届高考英语一轮复习专项点拨专题02高考阅读理解之细节理解题.doc

细节理解题目录四阅读理解细节理解题14.1【命题方式】14.2【解题技巧】14.3【正确选项特点】24.4【错误选项特点】3四阅读理解细节理解题4.1【命题方式】单项细节题:题干定位The author started drawing again in 1995 because _.The battery of the authors car was dead because _.What does the writer pay the least attention to?Which of the following maps show the right way to ?多项细节题:选项定位All of the following are true EXCEPT _.Which of the following statement is true/ NOT true？4.2【解题技巧】1. 找题干或选项关键词定位2. 定三句 原句、前句、后句3. 分析选项特征：同义替换是答案；证明中心是答案；全面大于片面。【题干定位原那么：原词定位；近义词定位；同义转换用不同方式表达相同或相似内容定位】1. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?原文：It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.2.What does the author think is a surprise?原文：The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. 3.What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?原文：Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you cant go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat4.What is a problem with cyberschools?原文：Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools. They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.5.Bill was suspected of being infected with HIV after . 原文:The doctor suspected that he had been infected with HIV, the virus that leads to AIDS.6. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?原文：he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.4.3【正确选项特点】对应文章原词；对应文章近义词；对应同义转换用不同方式表达相同或相似内容1.Cyberschools are getting popular became B. their students can work at their own speed原文：Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed.2.What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness. 原文：For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses.3.What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?A. He made good use of ideas from others. 原文：What Henry Ford did was to use other peoples ideas and make them better.4.Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?C. it was rebuilt after years of use 原文：Repairs were made 5.What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?A. To bring Europe together again. B. To honor heroes of World War II. C. To introduce young theatre groups. D. To attract great artists from Europe. 原文：In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.4.4【错误选项特点】1.张 冠 李 戴D. He rented a storefront for DeLuca.原文：DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut,2.把未然说成已然C. He was studying at the University of Bridgeport.原文：DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. 3.过 度 猜 测D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.原文：Jae kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. 4.断章取义C. By moving his hand.原文：Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.5.与原文意义矛盾A. He needs to go to the doctor every day.原文:Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day 【典例分析】1About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio (影棚) to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our act would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in snow. Two more fans were turned on, and a strong wind blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.The next scene was a complete contrast (比照).The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film Stars!1. Who is the author?A. A cameraman. B. A film director.C. A crowd-scene actor. D. A workman for scene setting.2. What made the author feel cold?A. The heavy snowfall. B. The man-made scene.C. The low temperature. D. The film being shown.3. What would happen in the three minutes mentioned, in the last paragraph?A. A new scene would be filmed. B. More stars would act in the film.C. The author would leave the studio. D. The next scene would be prepared.2Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the worlds first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a cars parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other peoples ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line. In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Fords most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself. The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Fords. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began. The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Fords dream. Ford said: I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one. The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals.They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model Ts were built in the first few years.1.What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?A. He made good use of ideas from others. B. He produced the first car in the world. C. He knew how to improve auto parts. D. He invented the production line.2. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race? A. To show off his driving skills. B. To draw public attention.C. To learn about new technology. D. To raise money for his new company. 3. What was Henry Fords dream according to the text? A. Producing cars for average customers. B. Building racing cars of simple design. C. Designing more car models. D. Starting more companies.3The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that of over two hundred million people living in the United States, up to three million are homelessand the number is still growing. Since the late 1970s,fast rising house prices, large cuts in government supported housing programs, and economic recession(经济衰退)have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs. Sadly, this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes. According to another research, families with children appear to be the fastest-growing part of the homeless population, making up 39% of it. The old idea of a homeless person, that of the single man who gets drunk all the time, is no longer true. A much lager part of the population now finds itself homeless. Even worse, once a person becomes homeless, he often finds it impossible to find a job, since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application. 1.Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because .A. they have no home addresses B. they mostly have a drinking problemC. they arent supported by government programs D. they often dont have enough work experience2.What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U.S.?A. The passing of new housing laws. B. The fast growth of family size. C. The slow construction of houses. D. The ever-rising price of housing.4When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie. My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. Ore of us would walk her, another would feed her, then there were baths, playing catch and many other games, Brownie, in return. loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them we always felt better when she was around.One day, as I was getting her food, she chewed up咬破one of Dads shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl, she looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet, she went everywhere with us. People would stop and ask if they could pet her. Of course shed let anyone pet her. She was just the most lovable dog. There were many times when wed be out walking, and a small child would come over and pull up her hair. she never barked吠or tried to get away. Funny thing is she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. Far from the truth, she lovely everyone.Now many years have passed since Brownie died of old age. I still miss days when she was with us.1.What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?ALook at them sadly. BKeep them company.CPlay games with them. DTouch them gently.2.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie _.Aworld eat anything when hungry Bfelt sorry for her mistakeCloved playing hide-and-see Ddisliked the authors dad3.Why does the author say that Brownie was more than just a family pet?AShe was treated as a member of the family.BShe played games with anyone she liked.CShe was loved by everybody she met.DShe went everywhere with the family.4.Some people got frightened by Brownie when she _.AsmiledBbarked Crushed to them Dtried to be funny 5.Which of the following best describes Brownie?AShy BPoliteCBraveDCaring 5When youre lying on the white sands of the Mexican Riviera, the stresses压力of the world seem a million miles away. Hey, stop! This is no vacation-you have to finish something!Here lies the problem for travel writer and food critic评论家, Edie Jarolim “I always loved traveling and always liked to eat, but it never occurred to me that I could make money doing both of those things, Jarolim said. Now you can read her travel advice everywhere in Arts and Antiques, in Brides, or in one of her there books, The Complete Idiots Travel Guide to Mexican Beach Resorts.Her job in travel writing began some eight years ago. After getting a PhD in English in Canada, she took a Test Frommers travel guides, passed it, and got the job. After working at Frommers, Jarolim worked for a while at Rough Guides in London, then Fodors, where she fell so in love with a description of the Southwest of the U.S. that she moved there.Now as a travel writer, she spends one-third of her year on the road. The rest of the time is spent completing her tasks and writing reviews of restaurants at home in Tucson, Arizona.As adventurous as the job sounds, the hard part is fact-checking all the information. Sure, its great to write about a tourist attraction, but youd better get the local当地的museum hours correct or you could really ruin someones vacation.1.Which country does Jarolim live in now?AMexicoBThe U.S.CThe U.K. DCanada2.What is most difficult for Jarolim?AWorking in different places to collect informationBChecking all the facts to be written in the guidesCFinishing her work as soon as possibleDPassing a test to write travel guides3.What do we know about Jarolim from the text?AShe is successful in her job BShe finds her life full of stressesCShe spends half of her time traveling DShe is especially interested in museums4.What would be the best title for the text?AAdventures in Travel