2023版高考英语二轮复习40分阅读限时练二.doc

40分阅读限时练(二)
阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)
第一节　(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)
阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。
A
[2023·昆明质检]
2023 Academy Award for Best Picture Nominations (提名)
Black Panther
Type：Adventure
Running Time：134 min.
Release Date：February 16,2023 (United States)
Current rank：★★★★
Director：Ryan Coogler
Actors：Chadwick Boseman, Michael B. Jordan
With his father having died in Captain America：Civil War, T'Challa is the new ruler of the advanced kingdom of Wakanda. As the king, whenever a challenger for the crown announces his intentions, he must give up his powers and take them on in a physical challenge.
The Favourite
Type：Drama
Running Time：120 min.
Release Date：November 23,2023 (United States)
Current rank：★★★
Director：Yorgos Lanthimos
Actors：Emma Stone，Rachel Weisz
In the early 18th century, with Britain and France at war, a fragile Queen Anne occupies the throne as her close friend Lady Sarah Churchill governs the country in her stead, while tending to Anne's ill health and changeable temper.
Green Book
Type：Drama
Running Time：130 min.
Release Date：November 16,2023 (United States)
Current rank：★★★★★
Director：Peter Farrelly
Actors：Viggo Mortensen, Mahershala Ali
Tony Lip, an uneducated Italian­American who's known for using his fists to get his way, is hired to drive world­class, famous pianist Don Shirley on a concert tour from Midwest to the Deep South. They must rely on “The Negro Motorist Green Book〞 to guide them to the few settlements that were then safe for blacks.
A Star Is Born
Type：Musical
Running Time：135 min.
Release Date：October 5,2023 (United States)
Current rank：★★★★
Director：Bradley Cooper
Actors：Bradley Cooper，Lady Gaga
When country music star Jackson Maine stops at a bar for a drink after a concert, he's both entertained and attracted by young nightclub singer Ally. He discovers that she writes songs as well as being a talented singer, but hasn't had a break because of her look.
体裁：应用文　题材：文娱　主题：2023年度奥斯卡最正确影片奖提名电影
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几部获得2023年度奥斯卡最正确影片奖提名的电影。
【难句分析】　They must rely on “The Negro Motorist Green Book〞 to guide them to the few settlements that were then safe for blacks.
分析：句中“that were then safe for blacks〞为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词settlements。
译文：他们必须依赖“The Negro Motorist Green Book〞来引导他们到定居点，当时那些定居点对于黑人来说是平安的。
1．Which film is the least popular among audience?
A．Black Panther. B．The Favourite.
C．Green Book. D．A Star Is Born.
答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据各部电影介绍中的“Current rank〞可知，The Favourite的星级最少，应选B。
2．The film about the rights of black people belongs to ________.
A．adventure B．musical
C．drama D．comedy
答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据Green Book局部最后一句中的“that were then safe for blacks〞以及“Type：Drama〞可知，C项正确。
3．Who works as a director and actor?
A．Ryan Coogler. B．Yorgos Lanthimos.
C．Peter Farrelly. D．Bradley Cooper.
答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据A Star Is Born局部的内容可知，既是导演又是演员的是Bradley Cooper。
B
[2023·贵州测试]With the coming of the Chinese Spring Festival, the pig comes to the center stage since 2023 is the Year of the Pig in the Chinese lunar calendar.
A five­minute advertisement, telling the story of a Chinese grandfather's first encounter with Peppa Pig, the popular character from the British cartoon Peppa Pig, went viral (广为传播的)．
The ad cleverly brings together the British cartoon character with Chinese cultural elements and shows how bridges can be built between cultures and generations.
Grandfather Li Yubao lives in a remote village while his son works in the city. For senior Chinese like him, whose children and grandchildren live far away, the Spring Festival is the traditional time when they can reunite and sit down together for dinner.
Li loves his grandson and wants to surprise him with a newyear gift. He knows the child loves Peppa Pig but has no clue what it is. So he goes around the village, asking everyone if they know anything about Peppa Pig. Then using the little information he gets as well as his imagination, he welds (焊接) metal together to resemble the face of Peppa Pig though he has never seen it.
The most touching thing for many viewers is the story of how a “left­behind〞 old man accomplishes an impossible task.
“The grandfather doesn't stop or complain，〞 Ju Shiyi, a public relations manager said. “He asks as many people as he knows, analyzes their answers and works on them.〞
The British cartoon series has been popular in China as well since it began to be shown in the country in 2023. Both the series and related goods have a huge market in China, in cities as well as the countryside.
“It is the first popular work with positive power to have gone viral in 2023，〞 Zhai Na, a TV producer said.
体裁：记叙文　题材：日常生活　主题：祖父眼中的小猪佩奇
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了广告?啥是佩奇?的相关内容。该广告主要讲述了春节将至，为给在城里生活的孙子准备新年礼物，李玉宝向邻居打听有关小猪佩奇的情况，最后他根据自己的理解，亲自为孙子焊接了一个小猪佩奇。
【难句分析】　The ad cleverly brings together the British cartoon character with Chinese cultural elements and shows how bridges can be built between cultures and generations.
分析：这是一个复合句，bring together... with...意为“将……与……结合在一起〞；“ how bridges can be built between cultures and generations〞为how引导的宾语从句。
译文：这那么广告巧妙地将英国动画角色与中国文化元素结合在一起，展示了如何在文化与一代代人之间架起桥梁。
4．What did Grandpa Li do to show his love for his grandson?
A．He made a Peppa Pig for his grandson all by himself.
B．He made up a story about Peppa Pig for his grandson.
C．He bought a Peppa Pig for his grandson as a new­year gift.
D．He cooked a big family reunion dinner without help.
答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“Then using the little information he gets as well as his imagination, he welds (焊接) metal together to resemble the face of Peppa Pig though he has never seen it〞可知，他用金属亲自为孙子制作了小猪佩奇来表达对孙子的爱，应选A。
5．What can we infer about Grandpa Li?
A．He's a stubborn old man.
B．He does well in woodwork.
C．He becomes annoyed easily.
D．He's considerate towards the family.
答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“He knows the child loves Peppa Pig but has no clue what it is. So he goes around the village, asking everyone if they know anything about Peppa Pig〞可推知，祖父对家人很体贴，应选D。
干扰项分析：A项文中未提及；根据第五段的内容可知，祖父是用金属进行焊接，不是做木工活，故B项错误；根据第七段中的“The grandfather doesn't stop or complain〞可知，祖父没有停止，也没有抱怨，故可推知C项错误。
6．What does the underlined word “them〞 in Paragraph 7 refer to?
A．People. B．Cartoon series.
C．Cultures. D．Answers.
答案与解析：D　考查词义猜想。根据第七段中的“He asks as many people as he knows, analyzes their answers and works on them〞可知，他问了他所认识的尽可能多的人，分析他们的答案，并对它们进行研究。根据句意及代词的指代用法可推知，“them〞在这里指代前面的“answers〞，应选D。
7．What's the text mainly about?
A．When Chinese Grandpa meets Peppa Pig in a new ad.
B．When the British cartoon series became popular in China.
C．Why Chinese Grandpa makes Peppa Pig for his grandson.
D．Why Peppa Pig, a popular character from the UK, went viral.
答案与解析：A　考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第二段的内容可知，文章主要介绍了一部广告短片，该短片主要讲述了一位中国祖父，在中国的春节来临之际，根据自己获取的有关英国卡通形象小猪佩奇的信息，并根据自己的理解，为孙子焊接了一个小猪佩奇当新年礼物的故事，应选A。
C
[2023·唐山一模]A public opinion study says that most Americans will accept the use of gene­editing technology to create babies who are protected from certain diseases. But Americans do not support changing the genetic structure, or DNA of children so that they can be faster, taller or more intelligent.
The research was carried out by the Associated Press­NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, which suggests that 81% of Americans approve of using gene editing to prevent killer diseases such as Huntington's disease, and 65% agree to use gene editing to prevent conditions like blindness. However, 66% oppose using gene editing to change qualities such as intelligence or athletic ability. They are also against changing physical qualities such as eye color or height.
Gene editing takes out a part of DNA to remove, replace or repair a gene. Changes to adult cells only affect the person being treated. But editing genes in embryos (胚胎) can change the resulting children in ways that can be passed to future generations. Due to its important effects, the International Council for Science says gene editing should not yet be tested on humans. Scientists say more laboratory research is needed to prove whether it is safe or not.
Dr. Robert Klitzman, who studies biological research rules, noted that if fertility (生育) clinics start to edit the genes of embryos, there will be hard choices to make about what conditions can be changed. “It's one thing to look at the extremes of deadly diseases versus surface things, but in the middle are going to be these very different issues.〞 he said.
The study suggests a lack of trust in the technology. Nearly 90% of the people in the study worry whether it will be used in a moral way.
体裁：议论文　题材：科普知识　主题：对基因编辑的讨论
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了“基因编辑〞的相关内容，以及美国人对于该技术应用前景的不同看法。
【难句分析】　Dr. Robert Klitzman, who studies biological research rules, noted that if fertility clinics start to edit the genes of embryos, there will be hard choices to make about what conditions can be changed.
分析：本句为主从复合句。其中主语为Dr. Robert Klitzman，who引导的定语从句修饰前面的Dr. Robert Klitzman，that引导宾语从句，从句中if引导条件状语从句，what引导宾语从句。
译文：研究生物学研究规那么的罗伯特·克利茨曼博士指出，如果生育诊所开始编辑胚胎的基因，将会很难抉择哪些状况是可以改变的。
8．In which aspect do most Americans approve of using gene editing?
A．Running swifter.
B．Preventing deadly diseases.
C．Changing eye color.
D．Improving intelligence.
答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“8l% of Americans approve of using gene editing to prevent killer diseases such as Huntington's disease〞可知，大局部美国人赞同使用基因编辑技术来预防某些致命疾病，例如亨廷顿病，应选B项。
9．What do we know about gene editing from the text?
A．It tends to influence the future generations.
B．It will become widely used in a moral way.
C．It edits all parts of DNA in a new way.
D．It has been tested safe to use on human beings.
答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“But editing genes in embryos can change the resulting children in ways that can be passed to future generations.〞可知，编辑胚胎的基因能够改变出生的孩子，这种改变可以传递给后代，由此可知基因编辑会影响后代，应选A项。
10．What is Dr. Robert's attitude to the use of gene­editing technology to create babies?
A．Uninterested. B．Supportive.
C．Cautious. D．Disappointed.
答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段罗伯特·克利茨曼博士的话，特别是hard，very different issues等，可推测他认为应慎重地将基因编辑技术用于人类，应选C项。
11．From which is the text probably taken?
A．A biology textbook. B．A social web page.
C．A medicine brochure. D．A science report.
答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。本文主要介绍了现在的科技前沿热词“基因编辑〞及美国人对于这种技术的应用前景的不同看法，故本篇文章可能来自科学报道，应选D项。
D
[2023·长沙一模]When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming climate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn't there anymore.
Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a full­time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a class.
This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes (部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix — that “this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.〞
Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic (疑心论者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.
Dillon wasn't going into environmental work — he was a computer­science major. Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full­time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration (恢复) projects.
Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinson's class was just what he was looking for — a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.
Atkinson said she hopes the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.
“We are already changing the planet — so many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively impacted，〞 she said. “The future isn't going to be what they imagined.〞
体裁：夹叙夹议文　题材：环保　主题：冰川融化，环境亟待保护
【语篇解读】　Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化和环境污染问题的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren Atkinson决定给学生开设课程，教学生如何面对环境污染。她的课程让很多学生关注环境问题。
【难句分析】Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full­time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration (恢复) projects.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中使用了so... that句型，意为“如此……以至于……〞；“that worked on restoration (恢复) projects〞为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“an environmental group〞。
译文：然而，五年前，潜在的全球性环境灾难对他来说似乎是如此真实以至于他放弃了自己的工作，成为一名致力于环境恢复工程的环保组织的全职志愿者。
12．Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?
A．To lay a basis for Fawn Sharp's further research.
B．To prove Fawn Sharp's work is similar to Atkinson's.
C．To lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.
D．To show scientists' concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.
答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化。由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，应选C。
13．What's the main purpose of Atkinson's class?
A．To explore how different people deal with climate change.
B．To get students more concerned about the environmental issue.
C．To find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.
D．To teach students how to conduct research about environment.
答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix — that ‘this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.’〞可知，她让她的24个学生面对这个事实——没有简单的解决方法，这是一个很难解决的问题，学生们将用他们的余生来解决这个问题。由此可知，Atkinson的课程的目的是让学生更加关注环境问题，应选B。
14．Which of the following best explains “intractable〞 underlined in Paragraph Three?
A．Simple. B．Difficult.
C．Common. D．Interesting.
答案与解析：B　考查词义猜想。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对这个事实——没有简单的解决方法，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives〞可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们要用他们的余生来解决它，应选B。
15．How did Atkinson's class influence Dillon?
A．It made him work as a part­time volunteer for restoration projects.
B．It made him realize a planet­wide climate disaster would happen.
C．It encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.
D．It discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.
答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work... discuss his concerns about a changing climate〞可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，Atkinson的课鼓励Dillon参与环境保护，应选C。
第二节　(共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·绵阳市诊断]
How to Choose a Dog
Dogs have always been considered as the most popular pet animals and loyal friends of humans. Owning a dog can be a really great experience for the owner as well as his family members. __1__ It is a very important decision, and it has to be made after thinking over and over. To choose the right dog, you have t