2023年四级真题Model-Test-1四级.docx

Model Test 1Part I Writing（30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then explain whether to choose a good university or a good major when it comes to listing university preferences. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Part II Listening Comprehension（25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1. A) Most of their schools are closed for two months.B)They need meaningful programs to improve health.C) A lot of them are getting less to eat during school days.D)They depend on schools for meals on weekdays.2. A) It found a way to provide snacks to boys and girls.B) It brought meals to them in a converted school bus.C) It operated a program in partnership with a bank.D) It provided fruits to boys and girls in a school bus.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A) It is a special day in America.C) It celebrates the importance of fathers.B) It is on the third Sunday in June.D) It is time for people to thank father figures.4. A) It is a common father expression in English.C) It means a boy is very much like his father.B) It originates from William Blakes poem.D) It means peoples personalities form early.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5. A) Children coming from poor families.C) Children from well-educated families.B) Children of high socioeconomic roots.D) Children with much higher intelligence.6. A) There are differences in the brains of high-scored students.B) The temporal lobes of high-scored students develop slowly.C) The brains of low-scored students have more gray matter.D) Different test performance might have its biological reason.7. A) Financial aid.B) Early action.C) Special medicine.D) Special training.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Theyre classmates.B)Theyre roommates.C)Theyre cousins.D) Theyre lab partners.9. A) He couldnt decide on a topic for his paper.B) He thought his paper was late.C) He hadnt heard from his family for a while.D) He thought the woman had been ill.10. A) To find their way back to the nest.B) To locate plant fibers.C) To identify kinds of honey.D)To identify relatives.11. A) Visit his parents. B) Write a paper.C) Observe how bees build nests. D) Plan a family reunion.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Salt Lake City, USA.B) New York City, USA.C) Helsinki, Finland.D) Stockholm, Sweden.13. A) The twenty-ninth.B) The twenty-second.C)The twenty-third.D)The twenty-fourth.14. A) 10:00AM.B) 8:30 AM.C) 4:35 PM.D) 5:55 PM.15. A) He asked for a specially-prepared dinner.B) He wanted an aisle seat.C) He requested some milk for his baby.D) He asked for a seat near the front of the plane.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) In grocery stores.B) In supermarkets.C) At fast-food restaurants.D) In hotels and bars.17. A) After they order their food, the customers usually wait just a few minutes.B) The customers carry the food to a table themselves.C) For many people the service at the fast-food restaurant is more important than the quality of food.D) Customers cant take the hamburgers away.18. A) At the fast-food restaurant, the service is fast and the food is inexpensive.B) At the fast-food restaurant, the food has the best quality.C) The fast-food restaurants are more beautiful and cleaner than the ordinary ones.D) The fast-food restaurant provides different food.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Two groups of people participated in an experiment.B) Light-colored rooms make students do better on the exam.C) People in the nice-looking rooms tend to be biased in their opinion.D) The effects of a rooms general appearance and its wall color on visitors.20. A) They will make the visitors walk faster.B) They will make the visitors cover more area.C) They will make the visitors appreciate the exhibits more.D) They will make visitors find the subjects on display less beautiful.21. A) Darkness stimulated more and sooner activity.B) Different environments will lead to different performances.C) Students should take an exam in a comfortable room painted dark brown.D) Beautiful decorations cause people to react slowly to objects in a room.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) To make recommendations on dieting.B) To report the latest advances in brain surgery.C) To relate an experiment combining sleep and exercise.D)To advise ways of dealing with sleep difficulties.23. A) Your heart rate is lowered.B) It becomes harder to relax.C) You become too tired to sleep.D) Sleep rhythms are disturbed.24.A) Failure to rest during the day.B) Lack of sleep on weekends.C) Vigorous exercise in the evening.D) Eating cheese before going to sleep.25. A) At a radio station.B) In a lecture hall.C) In a biology lab.D) At the doctors office.Part III Reading Comprehension（40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.This is a holiday widely celebrated with different names in many countries. Although it 26 as a religious holiday, it has lost its religious connections in the United States. It is now celebrated largely as a childrens day, and many American children look forward to it for days and weeks 27 .The orange pumpkin is harvested at this time of year and is 28 out, a funny face cut into it, and a candle placed inside as a decoration in the window. City folks, nowadays, sometimes use paper pumpkins for decorations.Some years ago, the holiday was celebrated by 29 up in strange and frightening costumes and playing tricks on ones neighbors and friends, such as ringing door bells, throwing bits of com on the window panes, and in other ways making minor 30 .More recently, children come to the door to have friends and neighbors admire their costumes and guess who they are behind the false faces and receive treats of candy, fruit or cookies. They say, Trick or Treat, meaning, I will 31 a trick on you if you will not give me a treat. This practice has even more recently developed into a 32 international activity. Instead of candy, the children collect money for UNICEF (United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund). This 33 collection of money by children for 34 children throughout the world is known as UNICEF Trick or Treat. Begun only recently, it results in several million dollars each year 35 to UNICEF. The collection box is orange, reminiscent of the pumpkin.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) needyE) concernedI) significantM) originatedB) concentratedF) playJ) contributedN) generatedC) disturbanceG) criticalK) dressingO) predictionD) hollowedH) beforehandL) specialSection BDirections: In. this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each para-graph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.Renewable EnergyHow does energy use affect the environment?A) All forms of electricity generation have some level of environmental impact. However, clean energy technologies, including renewable energy and combined heat and power, have fewer impacts than other sources of electricity generation.How can I make a difference?B) In the United States, electricity is generated in many different ways, with a wide variation in environmental impact. Traditional methods of electricity production contribute to air quality problems and the risk of global climate change. With the advent of electric customer choice, many electricity customers can now choose the source of their electricity. In fact, you might now have the option of choosing cleaner, more environmentally friendly sources of energy. The energy decisions we make every day can encourage the development of new power sources, save natural resources, and help ensure that the quality of our environment is preserved. In many parts of the country, consumers now have the opportunity to choose the source of the power that is delivered to their home or business-including energy derived from renewable sources.C) Renewable energy generally refers to electricity supplied from renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power (energy supplied by the sun), geothermal (energy created from the extreme heat contained in liquid rock-called magma (岩浆）within the Earths core), hydropower (energy derived from the movement of water as it flows downstream), and various forms of biomass (fuel from sources such as trees, wood and agricultural wastes and fuel crops). These energy sources are considered renewable because they are continuously replenished on the Earth.Hydrogen EnergyD) Using hydrogen energy could help address many concerns facing our nation and our world. We believe hydrogen can contribute to resolving these issues for these reasons: Firstly, hydrogen can be made from a variety of domestic feedstocks like water, biomass, coal and natural gas. Second, hydrogen is non-toxic(无毒旳）, non-poisonous and will not contribute to groundwater pollution. It does not create “fumes” or other harmful emissions; in fact, using hydrogen in fuel cells produces only electricity and pure water. Furthermore, hydrogen is a key enabler for the development and more widespread implementation of renewable energy technologies, resulting in cleaner and more efficient products in the marketplace.E) Fifty million tons of hydrogen is produced each year worldwide, with nine million tons being consumed in the U.S. The challenge is to bring hydrogen into the everyday lives of customers as they begin to use hydrogen-powered vehicles and other applications.Geothermal EnergyF) Our earths interior like the sun provides heat energy from nature. This heat geothermal energy yields warmth and power that we can use without polluting the environment. Geothermal heat originates from Earths fiery consolidation of dust and gas over 4 billion years ago. At earths core 4,000 miles deep temperatures may reach over 9,000 degrees Fahrenheit.Solar EnergyG) Sunlight, or solar energy, can be used directly for heating and lighting homes and other buildings, for generating electricity, and for hot water heating, solar cooling, and a variety of commercial and industrial uses. After the 1973 oil embargo（禁运），there was a resurgence(复苏） of interest in solar energy. Compared to the old forms of reducible energy (coal, oil,nuclear), solar energy offers a clean renewable form of energy.Wind EnergyH) We have been harnessing the winds energy for hundreds of years. From old Holland to farms in the United States, windmills have been used for pumping water or grinding grain. Today, the windmills modern equivalent-a wind turbine(涡轮机）can use the winds energy to generate electricity. Wind turbines, like windmills, are mounted on a tower to capture the most energy. At 100 feet (30 meters) or more above ground, they can take advantage of the faster and less turbulent wind. Turbines catch the winds energy with their propeller-like blades. Usually, two or three blades are mounted on a shaft to form a rotor(旋转器）。I) A blade acts much like an airplane wing. When the wind blows, a pocket of low-pressure air forms on the downwind side of the blade. The low-pressure air pocket then pulls the blade toward it, causing the rotor to turn. This is called lift. The force of the lift is actually much stronger than the winds force against the front side of the blade, which is called drag. The combination of lift and drag causes the rotor to spin like a propeller, and the turning shaft spins a generator to make electricity.Ocean Energy BasicsJ) The ocean can produce two types of energy: thermal energy from the suns heat, and mechanical energy from the tides and waves. Oceans cover more than 70% of Earths surface, making them the worlds largest solar collectors. The suns heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, and this temperature difference creates thermal energy. Just a small portion of the heat trapped in the ocean could power the world.K) Ocean thermal energy is used for many applications, including electricity generation. There are three types of electricity conversion systems: closed-cycle, open-cycle, and hybrid(混合旳）. Closed-cycle systems use the oceans warm surface water to vaporize a working fluid, which has a low-boiling point, such as ammonia（氨）. The vapor expands and tums a turbine. The turbine then activates a generator to pro