(15份)历年高考英语真题分类精编：七选五.pdf

历年高考试题分项解析之专题七选五1【2016全国新课标 I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes(密码)keep messages private。Banks,companies,and government agencies usesecret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.71 Code breaking never lags(落后)farbehind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.72 For example,the first letters of“My elephant eatstoo many eels”Spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”73 You might represent each letter with a number,For example,Lets number the letters of thealphabet,in order,from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message“Meet me”would read“13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words,phrases,or sentences.To read the message of a real code,you must have a code book.74 For example“bridge“might stand for“meet”and“out”might standfor“me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”75 However,it is also hard tokeep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language,some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.2【2016全国新课标 II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you,where the atmosphere of thegarden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?71.But it doesnt happen byaccident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to thenatural world and how you approach the gardening process._72Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses ofcolor.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewerfertilizers(肥料).73.However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why youwant to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childho od.Grandmas rose garden andDads vegetable garden might be good or bad,but thats not whats important.74-how being inthose gardens made us feel.If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden,start by takingsome time to recall the gardens of your youth.75then go outside and work out a plan to translateyour childhood memories into your grown-up garden.Have fun.1A.Know why you gardenB.Find a good place for your own gardenC.Its our experience of the garden that mattersD.Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden,tooG.For each of those gardens,writer down the strongest memory you have3【2016全国新课标 III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health.71But it seems that many people dont cookfish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year,but we eat twice asmuch fish in restaurants as at home.Buying,storing,and cooking fish isnt difficult.72This textis about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.73Fresh fish should smell sweet:you should feel that youre standing at the oceansedge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.74When you have bought a fish andarrive home,youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately,but freshfish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.75 .First,lean it and season it withyour choice of spices.Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then,its ready to serve.(spices 调料）A.Do not buy it.B.The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It just requires a little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad within hours.F.When buying fish,you should first smell it.G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.4【2016北京】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh therisk and the reward,the risk seems worth taking.71Some of us enjoy activities that wouldsurprise and scare the rest of us.Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risk-takerswere better at hunting,fighting,or exploring.72As the quality of Risk-taking was passedfrom on ration to the next,humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well,even 200,000 years ago,too muchrisk-taking could get one Killed.A few daring survived,though,along with a few stay-in-the-cavetypes.As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe youlove car racing,or maybe you hate it.73No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range,scientists say that your willingness to takerisks increases during your teenage years.74To help you do that,your brain increases yourhunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks,so your brain raises2your tolerance for risk as well.Mean taking some risks,so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.75For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active,while for the rest ofus,a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking,well continue to hit the mountains,thewaves or the shallow end of the pool.A.It all depends on your character.B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D.Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F.However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.5【2016四川】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries._71In general,they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormonesbetween men and women.72Between the ages of about 12 and 50,women produce hormonesthat are involved in fertility(生育能力).These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart andblood flow.In fact,women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks._73 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example:women,on average,get fewer colds than men._74 Scientists are still not exactly sure howinfluence aging,but they believe that they do.Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(向)to age more slowly than a mans.Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to agemore quickly.75AHowever,women,on average,live longer.B.The biological factor plays an important part.C.Women are also helped by their female genes.D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E.Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F.Therefore,women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.7（20152015 年全国新课标年全国新课标 I I）第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainBuilding Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences,71.That is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action3where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been suffer from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trustanymore,72.Its understandable,but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.73having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices becauseyou cansee what the best outcome would be for your well-being.74If youve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres adifference between being a victi m and living with a“victim mentality”.At some point in all ofour lives,well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situationfrom this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good inyour life._75_ instead,its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow roomfor positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.8（20152015 年全国新课标年全国新课标 II II）第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases in thelength of the runs.71,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find.No one cansay which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on yourexperience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.72.As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day._73_,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal of at least a mileand a half per run.74.After two weeks,start timing yourself.75.Depending on thekind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six daysB.For a good marathon runnerC.Before you begin your trainingD.With each day,increase the distance by a half mileE.If they still feel good,you can begin running in themF.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time49 9（20152015 北京）北京）第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。This Way to DreamlandThis Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant,especially when this makesthem forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware ofwhats happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.71They annoy usbecause they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements inhuman history.72Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideasand inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots orotherwise looking like a fool?First,understand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.73And if you want toimprove your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming,try to do it while you areinvolved in another taskpreferably something simple,like taking a shower or walking,or evenmaking meaningless drawings.Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need toconcentrate.“Mindfulness”,being focused,is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._74_Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has movedslowly away.75Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C.Without wandering minds,we wouldnt have relatively,Coke or Post-it notes.D.At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard tounderstand.G.Therefore,its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when yourein thedaydream zone.1010（20142014 年全国课标年全国课标 I I）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.71By helping them develop classicskills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious.72Ask kids,“What ingredients(配料)can weadd to make these pancakes even better next time?”and then try them out.Did those ingredientsmake the pancakes better?What could we try next time?2.CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it._73There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to5create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3.Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know whats going on inside ourown head,but what about others?Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situationand jumping to false conclusions.74“Why do you think shes crying?”“Can you tell howthat man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you,how would youfeel?”4.Self Expression75There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas-music,acting,drawing,building,photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A.Encourage kids to cook with you.B.And we cant forget science education.C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.1111（20142014 年全国课标年全国课标 II II）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips for cooking on a Tight ScheduleTips