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Poem Unit 2Section Warmingup;Prereading,Reading&Comprehending Unit 2课前新知预习课前新知预习.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？1根据英文释义写出单词(1)_(vt.)to communicate ideas of feelings(2)_(adj.)able to bend easily without breaking(3)_(v.)to laugh at someone and make jokes about them in order to have fun(4)_(n.)a part of a river that leads away from the main part(5)_(v.)completely change the appearance or character of sth.,especially so that it is betterconveyflexibleteasebranchtransform2根据词性及汉语写出单词的拓展形式(1)concrete(adj.)具体的_(反)抽象的(2)contradictory(adj.)引起矛盾的；好反驳的_(vt.)与相矛盾；反驳(3)salty(adj.)含盐的；咸的_(n.)盐(4)minimum(n.)最低限度；最少量_(反)最大限度；最大量(5)translation(n.)翻译；译文_(v.)翻译abstractcontradictsaltmaximumtranslate3短语互译(1)_讲得通；有意义(2)_ 表达自己的意思(3)_ 童谣(4)_ 熬夜(5)take it easy _(6)run out of_(7)be made up of_(8)week in(and)week out _(9)in particular _make senseexpress oneselfnursery rhymestay up轻松；不紧张；从容用完由构成连续好几个星期尤其；特别.Fill in the blanks according to the text.Poems are 1._ people write to tell a story or 2._ something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression as well as 3._ certain emotions.Poets use various forms to 4._ themselves.Nursery rhymes are still a common type of childrens poetry,which 5._ small children with strong rhythm and rhyme and repetition.Cinquain is another kind of poem whatdescribeconveyexpressdelight6._ up of five lines,with 7_ students can convey a strong picture in just a few words.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables.It is not a 8._ form of English poetry,but is very popular 9._ English writers.Chinese Tang poems are also borrowed by English speakers and have been 10._ into English as well.madewhichtraditionalwithtranslated课堂要点探究课堂要点探究1.tick vt.给标记号；vi.(指钟等)发出滴答声Tick“yes”or“no”to each question.对每一个问题的“是”或“否”打钩。The clock ticket away the minutes.钟表显示时间一分一秒地过去。知识拓展tick sb./sth.off给画上钩；给打核对号Tick all the questions off,please.把所有的问题标出来。活学活用I have ticked _off the names of the people who have paid.ApackedBshockedCticked Dattacked答案：Ctick“给标记号”，tick.off为固定搭配，意思是“给画上钩”。句意为“我在已经付款的姓名旁画了钩”。2convey vt.传达；运送Please convey my apologies to your wife.请向你的妻子传达我的歉意。Your luggage will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi.你的行李将由出租车送到酒店。知识拓展convey ones feelings表达某人的感情convey news/information to sb.把消息/信息传递给某人注意：(1)convey表示将人或信息等从甲地带到乙地时，其后不能用副词back。If you convey this suggestion to your committee,we shall obtain a solution to our problem.如果你把这个建议向你们委员会转达，我们的问题就会得到解决。(2)convey在表示“运送，运输”时，同义词为carry或take；在表示“表达”时，同义词为express；在表示“说明”时，同义词为suggest。比较网站比较网站convey,transform和和transport单词辨析典型例句convey指物体从一地运送到另一地，或指语言或信息等的传播；也可表示财产的转让，但该词更强调通过法律手段转让财产或某种所有权。Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。The old farmer conveyed his farm to his son.老农夫将农场转让给了儿子。transform主要指工作地点的变换、住所及物体的转移，还可以表示旅途中交通工具的变换，如转车、转船等；也可以指把财产转让给他人。They have transformed their garage into a guest house.他们把车库改成了客房。A generator transforms mechanical energy into electricity.发电机将机械能变成电。A tadpole is transformed into a frog.蝌蚪变成青蛙。transport基本含义是“运送”。但该词通常局限于用交通工具运输货物或人。The goods will be transported to Tokyo by air.货物将空运到东京。活学活用(1)汉译英请向李教授转达我良好的祝愿。_(2)完成句子言语无法表达我对她有多么的生气。_ _ _ _ how angry I am with her.管道将燃气从工厂传送到每家每户。Pipes _ _ _ every family from the power plant.答案：(1)Please convey my best wishes to Professor Lee.(2)Words can not conveyconvey gas to3concrete adj.具体的n.混凝土Shoes and trees are concrete objects.鞋和树是实物。What you said was not concrete so we couldnt understand you.你说的不具体，因此我们听不懂。Concrete is very strong and is used in many modern buildings.混凝土很结实，经常被用在许多现代建筑物中。比较网站concrete,specificconcrete具体的；反义词：abstract抽象的specific 具体的，特定的；反义词：vague 模糊的；general一般的Beauty is not concrete but a flower is.美不是具体的，但鲜花是具体的事物。The trouble with many students was that they never had a specific aim in life.许多学生的问题是，他们从未有过确切的人生目标。活学活用(1)选用concrete/specific填空He gave us very _ instructions.他给我们做了非常明确的指示。Now Im coming to the _ measures.以下我来讲一讲具体做法。I must bring my essay to a _ conclusion.我必须以一个具体的结论来结束我的论文。(2)It is easier to think in_terms rather than in the abstract.Aconcrete BrealCsolidDimagination答案：(1)specificconcreteconcrete(2)A题意：结合具体的事物来思考要比抽象思考容易些。concrete表示“确实的，具体的(而非想象或猜测的)”。4flexible adj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的It is not important to me when we gomy plans are quite flexible.我们什么时候走对我来说无所谓我的计划很灵活。It is known to everyone that wire is flexible.众所周知，电线是可弯曲的。A gymnast has to be flexible above all else.体操选手最重要的是必须身体柔韧。知识拓展flexibility n.灵活flexibly adv.灵活地；柔顺地flexitime n.弹性工作时间制活学活用As it is summer holiday,we need to adopt a _ timetable for school activities.AchangeableBmovableCflexibleDvariable答案：C考查词语辨析。句意为“由于现在是暑假，我们需要采用灵活的时间来安排学校活动”。changeable“可以改变的”；movable“可移动的”；flexible“灵活的”；variable“多变的”。5pattern n.模式；式样；图案；典范，榜样They like new patterns of family life.他们喜欢新的家庭生活模式。A good tailor can make a dress without a paper pattern.好的裁缝不用纸样就能做衣服。I dont like the pattern on the cloth.我不喜欢那块布上的图案。She is a pattern of all the classmates.她是所有同学的典范。知识拓展changing patterns of behaviour/work/weather 行为/工作/天气的变化模式an irregular sleeping pattern 不规律的睡眠模式follow a(similar)pattern 如出一辙set the pattern for.为树立榜样活学活用汉译英这些句子的语法模式都相同。_答案：These sentences all have the same grammatical pattern.6tease vi.&vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄At school the other children always teased me because I was fat.在学校里，因为我长得胖，别的孩子总是取笑我。The dog may bite you if you keep teasing it.要是你不停地招惹那条狗，它也许会咬你。Dont take it seriouslyhe was only teasing.别拿它当真他只是在戏弄人。知识拓展laugh at sb.嘲笑某人make fun of sb.愚弄某人play jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑play tricks on sb.捉弄某人活学活用补全句子没有人喜欢被当众戏弄。Nobody likes _ _ _ in public.答案：to be teased7minimum n.C最低限度；最少量；最小数Todays temperature reached a minimum of 0.今天气温最低降到零摄氏度。He smokes a minimum of 10 cigarettes a day.他一天最少抽10根烟。图解助记汉迷你(裙)谐音英语mini(skirt)推记词根min(i)(短小；小；少)生词minimum n.最低限度；量少量；最小数知识拓展at a/the minimum在最低点活学活用补全句子你必须答对最少40道题才能通过考试。You must get _ _ _ 40 questions right to pass the examination.答案：a minimum of8translation n.翻译；译文He specializes in translation from Danish into English.他专门从事把丹麦文译成英文的工作。The book loses something in translation.此书在翻译过程中丢失了一些原意。知识拓展translate vi.&vt.翻译translate.into.把译成He didnt understand Chinese,so I offered to translate.他不懂中文，所以我主动给他翻译。Can someone translate this legal jargon into plain English for me?谁能帮我把这一法律术语用简明的英语翻译一下？活学活用Some English students are reading Tang poems in _.Acongratulation BapplicationCtranslationDprotection答案：Ctranslation“翻译，译文”；in translation为固定搭配，意思是“以译文形式出现的”；congratulation“祝贺，(复数)贺词”；application“应用，用途，申请”；protection“保护”。句意为“一些英国学生正在阅读唐诗的译文”。9branch n.C枝条；支流；部门；支线；(研究或知识领域的)分支A fallen blossom is coming back to the branch.落下的花朵回到了树枝上。The Min River is a branch of the Changjiang River.岷江是长江的一条支流。Our New York branch is dealing with the matter.我们的纽约分部正在处理这件事。图解助记活学活用翻译句子这家银行在全世界有很多分行。_答案：The bank has branches all over the country.10transform v.转化；转换；改造；变换A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.重新粉刷一遍可使房间大为改观。The distress transformed his character.那次苦难改变了他的性格。知识拓展transform into 改变为；转变为transform ones life 改变某人的一生transform to a new place 搬到一个新地方be transformed from A to B 由A处迁到B处transformation n.改造；改变比较网站transform,convert和transfer单词辨析典型例句transform 指“人、物在性质、形态或外观上发生彻底或基本的变化”。Transform one form of energy into another.把一种形式的能变成另一种形式的能。convert 使某物从一种状态或情况转变为其他状态或情况；特指“使适用于新的用途或目的而转变”。We converted boxes into furniture.我们把箱子改制成了家具。单词辨析典型例句transfer意为“移交；转移；调动”，强调从一处转移到另一处。She has been transferred to another department.她已被调往另一部门。活学活用(1)补全句子我们必须努力工作以便使中国变成先进的工业国。We must work hard so as to _ China _ an advanced industrial country.(2)单项填空She used to be terribly shy,but a year abroad has completely _her.AconvertedBtransformedCtranslated Dturned答案：答案：(1)transform.into(2)B题意：她过去十分腼腆，但在国外呆了一年以后完全变了。transform表示“使改变外观(或性质)；使改观”。11eventually adv.最后；终于He worked so hard that eventually he made himself ill.他非常辛苦地工作，最后病倒了。Follow the path and youll eventually see the road.沿这条小径走下去你就会看到大路。比较网站eventually,at last,in the end和finallyeventually强调作为结果而最终发生。at last通常表示“经过很久的等待之后终于发生”。in the end意为“终于”，表示经过周折、等待或耽搁后“最后”得到所期待的结果(用法同at last)。还可用于预测未来。finally意为“最后，最终”，表示经过努力或曲折之后，终于发生(用法同in the end和at last)。也可以指一系列事物或论点的顺序。活学活用There was such a long queue for coffee that Mr.Smith _ gave up.Aunfortunately BgenerouslyCpossibly Deventually答案：Deventually“最后，终于”，符合语境。unfortunately“不幸地，遗憾地”；generously“慷慨地，大方地”；possibly“也许”。1.make sense(1)有道理；有意义；讲得通I cant follow these instructionsthey dont make sense.我不理解这些指示根本讲不通嘛。(2)是明智的；合乎情理It would make sense to leave early.早点离开是明智的。(3)表述清楚；易于理解；道理明显John wasnt making much sense on the phone.约翰在电话里说得不大清楚。比较网站make sense,make sense ofmake sense意为“有意义；能理解；合理；讲得通”。make sense of意为“理解；了解的意义”。This sentence doesnt make any sense.这个句子完全讲不通。Can you make sense of this telegram?你弄得懂这封电报的意思吗？活学活用补全句子对不起，我没有听懂你在课堂上说的话。Im sorry I couldnt _ _ _ what you said in the class.答案：make sense of2take it easy不紧张；从容；轻松Take it easy and you will get well soon.别紧张，你很快就会好起来的。You speak too fast.Take it easy,OK?你说得太快了。从容点儿，好不好？I want to take it easy when Im on holiday.假期我想好好放松一下。比较网站比较网站take it easy和和take ones time(1)take it easy意为“放松；不紧张”，指心理上别紧张，相当于Dont be nervous。如：Take it easy.There is no need to be nervous.放松一点，没有必要紧张。(2)take ones time意为“不慌不忙；从容不迫”，指时间上很充裕，不用着急，相当于Theres enough time。如：Theres no hurry.Take your time.不用急，慢慢来吧。Take your time.There is a lot of time left.别着急，还有很多时间。温馨提示take it easy的英文意思为be calm/dont worry，相当于“take things easy”，意思是“放心好了；别着急”等，指在心理上放松，别担心。在美国口语中，常用为道别时的招呼用语，意思是“再见，保重”，注意其中easy不可写成easily。Just take things easy and tell us what happened.别着急，告诉我们出什么事了。If we hadnt taken it easy,we would have passed the exam.如果我们不紧张的话，可能已经通过考试了。知识拓展take sth.seriously 严肃对待某事take.for granted是理所当然的take.as.把看做take.for.把看做；把误认为活学活用Wed better go downstairs right now for lunch._They serve food 24 hours a day.AHurry up!BTake your time.CNo way!DIt doesnt matter.答案：B句意：“我们最好马上下楼去吃午饭。”“不着急，他们24小时都供餐。”A项意为“快点儿！”B项意为“不着急。”C项意为“没门儿！”D项意为“没关系”。3run out of用完；耗尽We have run out of petrol.我们的汽油用完了。He had to ask his father for more money after he ran out of all his money.他的钱花光后，不得不向父亲又索要了一些。知识拓展1相关用法：sb.runs out of sth.某人用光某物sth.is running out某物快用光了use up用尽(材料等)；耗尽(精力等)Ive used up all the glue.我把胶水用光了。He used up all his strength.他用尽了他全身的力气。比较网站run out与run out ofrun out意为“用完”，是不及物动词短语，通常以物作主语，指时间、食物、金钱等被耗尽、用光。run out of表示“用完”时，是及物动词短语，主语通常为人，后接宾语，意为“耗尽、用光(时间、食物、金钱等)”。As the weather is getting drier and drier,the water in the river is running out.随着天气越来越干旱，河里的水快用光了。Many young people run out of their money by the end of each month.许多年轻人到月底就把钱花光了。知识拓展2run across 偶然碰见run after 追赶；追求run around到处跑run away 逃跑；逃走run over(开车)压过，碾过run short of 缺乏，短缺I ran across an old friend last week.我上周偶然遇到了一个老朋友。Her dog was running after a rabbit.她的狗在追赶一只兔子。He was run down and killed by a car.他被汽车撞死了。You must have run over something just now.你刚才一定是压过了什么东西。活学活用补全句子(1)洪涝灾区的粮食供应快用完了。在用完之前，我们必须立即采取行动。Food supplies in the floodstricken area _ _ _.We must act immediately before theres none left.(2)我仍然在做这个研究课题。Im still working on my project.哎呀，你要错过截止日期了，时间不多了。Oh,youll miss the deadline.Time is_ _.答案：(1)are running out(2)running out4(be)made up of由构成A peace keeping team made up of ten soldiers and an officer was sent to the Ivory coast.一支由十名士兵和一名长官组成的维和部队被派往象牙海岸。注意：make up用于主动语态时，不用介词of。Thirtyfive boys and twentyseven girls make up the class.35个男孩和27个女孩组成了这个班。知识拓展make up弥补；组成；化妆；整理make up for 补偿；弥补make the most/best of充分利用be made in 在生产或制造be made from 由制成be made out of以制作；由制成提示be made up of的同义词组是consist of。consist of不用于被动结构，因此本句中的过去分词短语made up of five lines可以用consisting of five lines来代替。活学活用用make短语填空(1)Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes.(2)Time is limited and therefore we must _ _ _ it.(3)The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to _ it _.(4)It _ for us to bring in some experts to help us deal with the complicated problem.答案：(1)making up(2)make the most of(3)make;out(4)made/makes sense5in particular 尤其；特别He loves science fiction in particular.他特别喜爱科幻小说。It was a good concertI enjoyed the last song in particular.那是场不错的音乐会我尤其喜欢最后的那首歌。知识拓展be particular(about/over sth.)讲究；挑剔She is particular about/over what she eats.她过分讲究吃。Chinese people are particular about/over the feelings and confidence that clothes bring out.中国人讲究：穿出感觉来，穿出自信来。比较网站in particular,especiallyin particular介词短语常用于anyone/anything/anywhere/no one/nothing/nowhere等不定代词后 面，有时也可置于所修饰的名词前。especially副词，通常用来修饰介词短语或从 句，但也可用于名词前，以示强调。Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing in particular.彼得躺在沙发上，无所事事。Noise is unpleasant,especially when you are trying to sleep.噪音令人讨厌，尤其当你想睡觉的时候。活学活用选用in particular/especially填空(1)I love the country,_ in spring.我喜欢乡村，尤其是在春天。(2)The rising sun is _ beautiful to look at from this angle.旭日从这个角度看起来特别美。(3)Is there anything _ youd like for dinner?晚饭你想吃点什么特别的吗？答案：(1)especially(2)especially(3)in particular1.There are many reasons why people write poems.人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。名词reason后面可以接why/for which引导的定语从句，在口语中，why还可以省略。如：This is the reason for which/why he was put in prison.这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。Is this the reason why/for which he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？Do you know the reason why he came late?你知道他迟到的原因吗？The reason(why)he died young was his inattention to health.他早死的原因是他不注意自己身体的健康。知识拓展(1)名词reason后面还可以接that引导的定语从句，此时定语从句句子成分不完整，通常缺少宾语或主语。This is the reason(that)she gave me for doing it.这是她给予我做这件事的理由。(2)句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句通常采用that引导，表示原因，有时可以使用连词because.The reason why Im late is that/because I missed the bus.我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。(3)名词reason后面可以接that引导的同位语从句。We arent going,for the simple reason that we cant afford it.我们不去，原因很简单：我们负担不起。(4)名词reason后面可以接for(doing)sth.。The reason for her absence was that she was ill.她之所以缺席是因为她病了。比较网站reason,cause和excuse(1)reason指正当的理由，常与介词for连用。The teacher is asking about her reason for leaving.老师正在询问她离开的理由。(2)cause指自然性的原因，常用于指大火、洪水、交通事故等的起因，常与介词of连用。The heavy rain was the cause of the flood.大雨是导致洪水的原因。(3)excuse用作名词，强调“借口”的含义，常与介词for连用。Too much work is no excuse for not going to see parents.工作太忙不是不回家的借口。活学活用(1)There was no reason _ you threw the ink bottle on the road.Awhy BwhatCthat Dwhich答案：Awhy引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason。句意为“你没有理由把墨水瓶扔在路上”。(2)The reason_their failure you know is_they didnt get fully prepared for the experiment.Awhy;that Bthat;whyCfor;that Dwhy；why答案：C题意：你知道，实验失败的原因在于他们没有做好充分的准备。当主语为名词the reason时，表语从句只能采用that来引导，表示原因。此外，由于their failure 为名词，所以不需要连词why而采用介词for。2Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.Others try to convey certain emotions.有些诗是为了叙事，或者说是描述某件事并给读者以强烈的印象。而有些诗则是为了传达某种情感。that will give the reader a strong impression是that引导的定语，修饰先行词a way。当way作先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词有三种形式：(1)in which；(2)that；(3)省略关系词。如：The way in which he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.他向我们解释句子的那种方法不难理解。The way(that)you told me is the same as he did.你告诉我的那种方式和他告诉我的一样。I dont like the way you talk to me.我不喜欢你跟我谈话的方式。活学活用(1)I dont like the way _ he often uses to speak to me.Ain which BhowCwhichDwhat答案：C本题考查定语从句。先行词the way在定语从句中作uses的宾语，因此要用which/that引导，故选C。(2)What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.Athe way Bin the way thatCin the wayDthe way which答案：A句意：让我吃惊的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。but是并列连词
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