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Unit 4 Using Language
Ⅰ．用所给词的适当形式填空
1．There was a pleased __expression__ (express)on her face.
2．She got very __frightened__ (frighten) when a plane flew over her head.
3．I __sincerely__ (sincere) hope I can get your reply soon.
4．Let's get together to __congratulate__ (congratulation) you on your passing the driving test.
5．__Judging__ (judge) from his appearance, he is not from a rich family.
6．He was run down by a __cyclist__ (cycle) and was injured badly.
7．Smoking can do __damage__ (damage) to your health.
8．You shouldn't spend so much time on many __useless__ (use) things.
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．从他说的话来看，他是一个明智的人。(judge)
__Judging from__ what he said，he is a wise man.
2．图书馆里的许多书不见了。(number)
__A great number of__ books are missing from the library.
3．我对她的美满婚姻送上了最热烈的祝贺。(congratulations)
I __offered her__ my warmest __congratulations__ on her happy marriage.
4．在我的演讲中，我真诚地向观众表达了我的感激之情。(express)
I __sincerely expressed__ my appreciation to my audience in my speech.
5．我非常害怕我会被解雇。(frighten)
I __was frightened to__ death that I would be dismissed.
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．__Judging__ (judge) from the plan, America will become the world's biggest oil producer by round 2020.
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：根据该计划判断，到2020年前后，美国将成为世界上最大的石油生产国。judging from根据……判断，固定搭配。
2．Wenchuan Earthquake Museum was built __to honour__ (honour) those who died in the disaster.
解析：句意：汶川地震纪念馆的建成是为了纪念那些在地震中死去的人们。
3．I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel __when__ I heard the steps.
解析：考查连词辨析。had just done...when...刚刚做完……这时……，be doing...when...正在……这时……。句意：我刚刚走出浴室正忙着用毛巾擦干，这时我听到了脚步声。
4．The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given __out__ on the radio yesterday.
解析：句意：市长来我们学校参观的消息昨天在广播电台中播放了。give out表示“公布，宣布，播放”。
5．What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given __out__ ?
解析：句意：当地球上所有的石油用完后，我们将使用什么样的能源？give out 表示“用光，耗尽”。
6．The boy showed me his new toy．I can see that he was very proud __of__ it.
解析：考查短语意义。句意：这个男孩向我展示他的新玩具。我能看出他以这个玩具为荣。(be)proud of“以……为荣”。
7．I __sincerely__ (sincere)hope that I can have the opportunity to meet the famous scientist on biochemistry again in Shanghai.
解析：句意：我真诚地希望在上海再次见到那位著名的生化科学家。sincerely“真诚地，真挚地”。
8．I feel highly __honoured__ (honour) to have a chance to speak at the meeting.
解析：句意：有机会在大会上发言，我感到十分荣幸。feel honoured to do sth.“对……感到荣幸”。
9．(2018·北京高考，5改编)She and her family bicycle to work, __which__ helps them keep fit.
解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人都骑自行车上班，这帮助他们身体健康。which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面句子内容，常常翻译成“这”。
10．__Judging__ (judge) from his accent, he must be __from__ America.
解析：句意：从他的口音判断，他一定来自美国。“从……判断”用judging from/by，“来自”用be from。
Ⅳ．阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen．So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2yearold daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree．She lives at the National Zoo in Washington, D．C．
And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses say she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on．And she's not the only one．In the moments before the quake, an orangutan(猩猩) let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.
“It's vey different from their normal call，” said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper．“The lemurs (monkeylike animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm call if they see or hear something highly unusual.”
But you can't see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens, can you? Maybe you can—if you're an animal．“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，” said Brandie Smith．“That's part of their special abilities．They're more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.”
Primates weren't the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened．One of the elephants made a warning sound．And a huge lizard(晰蜴) ran quickly for cover．The flamingoes (a kind of bird) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.
Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake．For example, Smith says the zoo's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began．But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened．“I'm not surprised at all，” Smith said.
文章大意：这篇文章主要讲了在地震前动物们的表现，有些动物对地震敏感，而有些动物对地震没有察觉。
1．Why did Mandara act strangely one day？ __A__
A．Because it sensed something unusual would happen.
B．Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.
C．Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.
D．Because an earthquake had happened.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.可知选A。
2．According to Brandie Smith, __A__ .
A．many animals' hearing is sharp
B．earthquakes produce two types of waves
C．primates usually gather together before a quake
D．humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing...可知答案应为A。
3．Which animal seems unable to sense a quake？ __D__
A．A lizard． B．A flamingo.
C．A lemur． D．A giant panda.
解析：细节理解题。根据For example, Smith says the zoo's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began.可知。
4．What is the best title for the passage？ __C__
A．How animals survive a quake
B．How animals differ from humans
C．How animals behave before a quake
D．How animals protect their young in a quake
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段中Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake.可知，本文主要介绍了地震前动物的表现。
Ⅴ．完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2016·北京卷)
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska．The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr．Welch __1.A__ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children．The children of Nome would be __2.B__ if it struck the town．Dr．Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick． __3.D__ , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's __4.C__ was already full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship．Cars and horses couldn't travel on the __5.B__ roads．Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.
__6.C__ January 26, Billy and three other children had died．Twenty more were __7.D__ ．Nome's town officials came up with a(n) __8.A__ ．They would have the medicine sent by __9.B__ from Anchorage to Nenana．From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would __10.A__ it to Nome in a relay(接力)．
The race began on January 27．The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night． __11.C__ he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold．
On January 31，a musher named Seppala had to __12.D__ a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most __13.C__ part of the journey．Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning．If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below．He would __14.D__ , and so would the sick children of Nome．But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1．A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm．At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his __15.C__ ．He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them．Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to __16.A__ the trail again．The only hope was Balto, Kaasen' lead dog．Balto put his nose to the ground, __17.B__ to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail．If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome．The minutes passed by．Suddenly, Balto began to __18.A__ ．He had found the trail.
At 5：30 a．m．on February 2, Kaasen and his dog __19.D__ in Nome．Within minutes, Dr．Welch had the medicine．He quickly gave it to the sick children．All of them recovered． Nome had been __20.B__ .
文章大意：文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病——白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。
1．A．examined B．warned
C．interviewed D．cured
解析：医生“检查”了一个生病的孩子，知道他患上了白喉。examine“检查”；warn“警告”；interview“面试，采访”；cure“治愈”。
2．A．harmless B．helpless
C．fearless D．careless
解析：如果白喉肆虐诺姆，那里的孩子们都将面临死亡。helpless“无望的”；harmless“无害的”；fearless“不怕的”；careless“粗心的”。
3．A．Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
解析：“然而”，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多里，前后是转折关系。故选however。
4．A．airport B．station
C．harbor D．border
解析：airport“机场”； station“车站”； harbor “港口”；border“边境”。根据“so it couldn't come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。
5．A．narrow B．snowy
C．busy D．dirty
解析：narrow“狭窄的”； snowy“被雪覆盖的”；busy“繁忙的”；dirty“脏的”。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。
6．A．From B．On
C．By D．After
解析：From“从，自”；On“在……上面”；By“通过，在……之前”；After“在……之后”。By＋时间，与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选C。
7．A．tired B．upset
C．pale D．sick
解析：tired“劳累的”；upset“难过的”； pale“苍白的”；sick“生病的”。四个孩子相继去世，还有20几个患病，故选D。
8．A．plan B．excuse
C．message D．topic
解析：plan“计划”；excuse“借口”；message“信息”；topic“话题”。当地的官员想到了一个“计划”，故选A。
9．A．air B．rail
C．sea D．road
解析：air“空气”；rail“栏杆，铁轨”； sea“海洋”；road“道路”。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用“火车”运到Nenana，故选B。
10．A．carry B．return
C．mail D．give
解析：carry“运送，携带”；return“返回，归还”； mail“邮寄”；give“给”。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力“送到”诺姆，故选A。
11．A．Though B．Since
C．When D．If
解析：Though“虽然”；Since“因为，自从”；When“当……时”；If“如果”。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。
12．A．enter B．move
C．visit D．cross
解析：enter“进入”；move“移动”；visit“拜访”；cross“穿过”。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须“穿过”这片水域，故选D。
13．A．shameful B．boring
C．dangerous D．foolish
解析：shameful“惭愧的”；boring“令人厌烦的”；dangerous“危险的”；foolish“愚蠢的”。根据“which could sometimes break up without warning”可知，这是旅途最危险的一部分，故选C。
14．A．escape B．bleed
C．swim D．die
解析：escape“逃跑，逃避”；bleed“流血”；swim“游泳”；die“死亡”。如果掉进寒冷的水中，Seppala会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会“死去”，故选D。
15．A．memory B．exit
C．way D．destination
解析：memory“记忆”；exit“出口”；way“道路”；destination“目的地”。根据下一句可知，有的地方被大雪挡住了去路，Kaasen不得不绕道行驶，故选C。
16．A．find B．fix
C．pass D．change
解析：find“找到”；fix“固定；安装”；pass“通过”；change“改变”。当时的天气状况极差，Kaasen“找到”雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选A。
17．A．pretending B．trying
C．asking D．learning
解析：pretending“假装”；trying“努力”；asking“问，要求”；learning“学会”。Kaasen的雪橇狗“努力”嗅着其它狗的味道，故选B。
18．A．run B．leave
C．bite D．play
解析：run“跑”； leave“离开”；bite“咬”；play“玩耍”。Kaasen的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始“奔跑”起来，故选A。
19．A．gathered B．stayed
C．camped D．arrived
解析：gathered“聚集”；stayed“保持”；camped“露营，借住”；arrived“到达”。arrive in到达某地，这里指终于“到达”诺姆，故选D。
20．A．controlled B．saved
C．founded D．developed
解析：controlled“控制”；saved“拯救”；founded“建立”；developed“发展”。所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。
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