专四高分句型.docx

专四高分句型

英语专四写作一般以论说文为主，平时多搜集一些论说文常用句型，并在复习时多多使用，考场上必定能信手拈来。
　　1. 经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
　　2. 人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
　　3. 先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
　　4. 面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
　　5. 人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
　　6. 社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
　　7. 引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
　　8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
　　9. 热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/ debate
　　10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
　　11. 完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
　　12. 一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…
　　13. 就我而言/就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
　　14. 就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
　　15. 有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
　　16. 双方的论点 argument on both sides
　　17. 发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
　　18. 对…必不可少 be indispensable to …
　　19. 正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes…
　　20. …也不例外… be no exception
　　21. 对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
　　22. 利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
　　23. 导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
　　24. 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
　　25. 责任感/ 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
　　26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
　　27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
　　28. 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
　　29. 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
　　30. 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
　　31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
　　32. 做出共同努力 make joint efforts
　　33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
　　34. 为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
　　35. 打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
　　36. 综合素质 comprehensive quality
　　37. 无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
　　38. 我深信 I am deeply entrenched in the belief that
　　39. 致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
　　40. 应当承认 Admittedly, 41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
　　42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
　　43. 可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
　　44. 宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
　　45. 因特网 the Internet (一定要有冠词，字母I 大写)
　　46. 方便快捷 convenient and efficient
　　47. 在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
　　48. 环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
　　49. 社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
　　50. 科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
　　51. 对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
　　52. 支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion
　　53. 有/提供如下理由/证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
　　54. 在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
　　55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
　　56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
　　57. 日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
　　58. 眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
　　59. 长远利益 interest in the long run
　　60. …有其自身的优缺点… has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
　　61. 扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
　　62. 取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.
　　63. 对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
　　64. 交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
　　65. 跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
　　66. 采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth
　　67. …的健康发展 the healthy development of …
　　68. 有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides. / No garden without weeds.
　　69. 对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。
　　70. 重视 attach great importance to…
　　71. 社会地位 social status
　　72. 把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
　　73. 扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
　　74. 身心两方面 both physically and mentally
　　75. 有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
　　76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
　　77. 可以取代“think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief that
　　78. 缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress / burden
　　79. 优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.
　　80. 与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
　　81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
　　82. 代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
　　83. 经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
　　84. 提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
　　85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
　　86. 毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
　　87. 增进相互了解 enhance / promote mutual understanding
88. 充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
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　　一、对比选择型
　　1、适合Advantage / Disadvantage题型
　　People’s views towards the advantages and disadvantages of 主题词 vary greatly. Some believe that 观点1 , while others support that 观点2 . As for me, I agree to the latter idea because its advantages outweigh its disadvantages.
　　There are dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据一. 理由一.
　　The second reason that can be seen by every person is that 论据二. For example, 理由二.
　　From the above, we can easily see that 主题词 is beneficial to 总结理由一二.
　　2、适合Yes / No题型
　　It has long been a contentious issue as to whether 题目陈述. Some people are of the opinion that 观点一, while others point out that 观点二. As far as I am concerned, the latter opinion holds more weight.
　　For one thing, 论据一. 理由一.
　　For another, 论据二. 理由二.
　　Now, after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that 总结观点. Therefore, as a university student, we should 提出意见.
　　3、适合A / B题型
　　Nowadays, 通过想象引出话题. As a result, some people are worried that A与B之间的矛盾. However, I don’t think their concerns are necessary, because A has some exclusive advantages over B.
　　First of all, A 与 B比较优势一. A 的优点. However, B的缺点.
　　Furthermore, A 与B比较优势二. For example, 举例说明优势二.
　　Last but not least, A 与B比较优势三. A的优点. In contrast, B 的缺点.
　　In short, A has some merits that B doesn’t have. Therefore, 结论.
　　二、给定观点型
　　Nowadays, with 现象, people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance of 主题词. In my point of view, 把标题变为陈述句. There are numerous reasons to support my point of view, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here.
　　One of the primary causes is that 理由一. If you look around, you will always find that 举例证明一.
　　Another reason that can be seen by every person is that 理由二. A good case in point is 举例证明二.
　　So from what has been discussed, one can reach only this conclusion that 结论. Therefore, 提出建议.
　　三、自由发挥型
　　1、适合The Best Way型
　　Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that 引出话题. People have put forward various ways, such as 例一，例二，例三, etc. As for me, the best way to 主题词 is 论点.
　　The benefits for my ideas can be generalized to two major ones. First of all, 理由一. Suppose if 提出假想例子证明理由一.
　　Another benefit is that 理由二. Suppose if 提出假想例子证明理由一.
　　In conclusion, 总结. So 提出建议.
　　2、My Idea型
　　This problem is a much debated one in that it affects almost everybody in their daily lives. As a college student, I think that 论点.
　　To begin with, 理由一. 证明理由一.
　　A further reason why I support this is that 理由二. There is a good evidence to show that 证明理由二.
　　From what has been discussed above, a conclusion can be drawn that 结论. I wish 提出希望.
摘要：学了这么多年英语，为什么还不能写出好的句子？原因在于想得太复杂了。在英语专四考试中，我们可以将要表达的汉语思想，全部说成简单的句子，而简单句，在写作时是考生可以掌控的。之后再将简单句加以润色、组合，使之登堂入室，夺取高分。
　　学了这么多年的英语，大部分专四考生还是能够写出一些东西的，最起码能够写出一些英语的简单句吧。简单句包括S+V(主谓句)，S+V+O(主谓宾)， S+V+O+O(主谓宾宾)，S+V+O+C(主谓宾宾补)， S+V+C(主系表)，复杂的句子无一不是由这些简单句演变而来的。
　　学了这么多年英语，为什么还不能写出好的句子？原因在于想得太复杂了。我们可以将要表达的汉语思想，全部说成简单的句子，而简单句，在写作时是考生可以掌控的。之后再将简单句加以润色、组合，使之登堂入室，夺取高分。
　　例如写这句话：大学生刚刚毕业就想立刻找到高薪的工作是不可能的。看到这样的汉语句子，一般我们的反应是要用It is impossible for sb. to do sth…… 这样的句型，然后想着往里填词：在sb. 的位置填上“刚刚毕业的大学生”，在不定式的位置填上“找到高薪的工作”，如下所示：
　　It is impossible for 刚刚毕业的大学生 to 找到高薪的工作.
　　那么“刚刚毕业的大学生”怎么写?英语里面好像找不到一个表示“刚刚毕业的”形容词放在大学生前面，所以就要用定语从句，写成college students who have just graduated，如果graduated不会写，先写成left;然后怎么写“高薪的”，英语里面也没有这样一个形容词放在jobs的前面，所以用定语从句，写成to find jobs which can give them a lot of money.
　　这样这个句子将写成：It is impossible for college students who have just graduated to find jobs which can give them a lot of money.
　　这样将两个定语从句放在这个句型里面，实在是太容易犯错了。实际上，刚刚毕业的大学生可以写成：newly-graduated students, 而高薪的工作可以写成well-paying jobs, 将这两个短语放进去，成为：It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs，与上面的定语从句相比会获得更高的分数。
　　不过试问，能写出这两个短语的有几人呢?我们能不能换一种思路，想得简单点，把上面一句话拆分成为四句：
　　①每年，都有很多大学生毕业。
　　②他们都想找到工作。
　　③这些工作可以给他们很多钱。
　　④这是不可能的。
　　我相信这样的句子大部分考生很快就可以写出来：
　　①Every year, many college students graduate.
　　②They all want to find jobs.
　　③These jobs can give them a lot of money.
　　④This is impossible.
　　第一句话属于五种简单句中的主谓句，第二句是主谓宾，第三句是主谓间宾直宾，第四句是主系表。
　　下面我们看看能不能润色一下：第一句话我们将熟悉的many改为heaps and heaps of(一批一批的)，这是换词;然后：from universities;又想到还有独立的学院，再加上and institutes.
　　第一句话变成：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes.
　　这句话这样一改，便成气候了。
　　第二句和第三句可以用定语从句连接起来，因为第三句的主语是第二句最后jobs的重复，所以②+③成为：They all want to find jobs, which can give them a lot of money.
　　再润色，我们发现give可以改为offer，a lot of money可以改为handsome salaries. 利用学过的语法知识我们可以让这个句子更加复杂，给定语从句中加一个插入语：they hope，放在which后面。
　　这样这句话就成为：They all want to find jobs, which they hope can offer them handsome salaries.
　　第四句话也可以和前两句连在一起，这次不采用主从复合句，而采用并列句，因为意思发生转折，故用but连接，而impossible太绝对了，改为hardly possible。
　　于是成为：They all want to find jobs, which they hope can offer them handsome salaries, but this is hardly possible.
　　所以最初的那句话，经过拆解、加工(换词和连句)形成了下面的一组句子：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes. They all want to find jobs, which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.
　　上文总共32个词，与我们刚才认为很难达到的那个句子It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs(10个词)相比，气势上毫不逊色，但是哪一种写法更适合广大考生的情况呢?当然是从熟悉的东西着手改造更为可取，像newly-graduated和well-paying这样的天外来客式的词组需要积累，或者自己有意去搜寻。
　　再强调一下：上面这组句子是我们从简单句变过来的。简单句写作思路英文写作的思维就像一个黑洞，似乎深不可测，但如果我们将写作的过程视为一个看不见的汉译英的过程就会简单明了得多。根据笔者的经验，英文写作一般是先想主语，因为主语是一句话的开头;再想谓语，谓语中应该会先写助动词，所以先想用什么时态、语态、情态;接下来是动词，动词要考虑的是用及物动词还是不及物动词，是系动词还是实义动词。如果是及物动词就要考虑跟宾语，系动词就要考虑跟表语。