黑龙江省依安县2021高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练习2.doc

黑龙江依安县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解练习（2）
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Tang poetry is so excellent and of such a large sum that it is a precious cultural heritage of Chinese civilization in ancient time.It appeals so many people all over the world that more and more Tang poems have been translated into other languages，mostly into English.Nevertheless，since the translatability of poetry has been the most controversial(引起争论的)issue in the translation circle，whether a Tang poem is translatable or not is now still in debate.
An American poet Robert Frost ever said，“Poetry is what gets lost in translation.”In this sense，something in Tang poetry will get lost after being translated into English.Here comes the untranslatability(不可翻译)of Tang poems in English translation.Tang poetry is the harmonious unity of beautiful sound，well­balanced form and implicit sense so that it is very difficult to translate them into other languages satisfactorily.English is intonation(语调)language while Chinese is tone language so that they are dissimilar in sound；English spelling words are alphabetic writing while Chinese square characters are ideographic(表意文字)so that they are dissimilar in form；English was born and develops in western cultural background while Chinese in oriental so that they are dissimilar in sense.Based on the differences above，a conclusion is made naturally in the article that in the process of translating Tang poems into English，there is some untranslatability，namely，sound untranslatability，form untranslatability and sense untranslatability.
In fact，the study on the untranslatability of Tang poetry still has a great room for development，as it remains an unsolved problem.In this case，however，talking about the untranslatability of Tang poems in English translation is not against the translation work of Tang poems but for the better translations of them.
1．By the passage we can know that________.
A．Tang poetry is a kind of new culture existing in China
B. Tang poetry is part of precious cultural heritage of Chinese civilization
C．Tang poetry can't be translated into English
D．Tang poetry can only be accepted by people from China
答案：B　根据文章第一段第一句话．..it is a precious cultural heritage of Chinese civilization in ancient time可知，唐诗是中国古代文明的珍贵的文化遗产，是中华文化的组成部分。
2．The features of Tang poetry different from other languages are the following EXCEPT________.
A．beautiful sound B．rich words
C．abundant form D．extensive sense
答案：B　根据文章第二段内容中所提到的与英语不同的特点有sound，form和sense，文章中没有提到word。故答案选B项。
3．Chinese is tone language while English is________.
A．intonation language B．tone language
C．alphabetic writing D．ideographic language
答案：A　根据文章第二段第五句话English is intonation language while Chinese is tone language可知，汉语是语音文字而英语则是语调文字。故答案选A项。
4．The attitude towards translating Tang poetry into other languages is________.
A．appositive B．favorable
C．ironic D．passive
答案：B　根据文章最后一句话talking about the untranslatability of Tang poems in English translation is not against the translation work of Tang poems but for the better translations of them.可知，作者的态度是赞成的。

写人记事（阅读理解）由 (2011山东烟台高三调研)改编
Jeffrey Bezos,the founder,president and chairman of the board of A,was born in Albuquerque,New Mexico.His mother’s ancestors were early settlers in Texas,and over the generations had acquired a 25,000-acre farm at Cotulla.Jeffrey spent most summers of his youth working with his grandfather on their farm.
Jeffrey showed intense and varied scientific interests at an early age.He set up an electric alarm to keep his younger sisters and brothers out of his room and changed his parents’ garage into a laboratory for his science projects.
After he graduated from Princeton University with a degree in computer science and electrical engineering,Jeffrey Bezos found employment on Wall Street,where computer science was increasingly in demand to study market trends.He rose quickly,becoming a senior vice president,and looked forward to a bright career in finance,when he made a discovery that changed his life,and the course of business history.
In 1994,there was still no Internet commerce to speak of.One day that spring,Jeffrey Bezos observed that Internet usage was increasing by 2,300 percent a year.He saw an opportunity for a new circle of commerce,and immediately began considering the possibilities.
Bezos founded A in 1994,setting up the original company in his garage.The company was called Amazon for the seemingly endless South American river with its numberless branches.It started as an online bookstore but soon diversified (多样化) to all kinds of products.His work with Amazon eventually led him to become one of the most excellent dot-com entrepreneurs (企业家).He was named Time magazine’s Person of the Year in 1999.In 2008,he was selected by U.S.News & World Report as one of America’s Best Leaders.Bezos’ Amazon has become “the Earth’s biggest anything store”.A is now called “one of the smartest strategies in business history”.
Today,Jeffrey Bezos lives north of Seattle and is increasingly concerned with charity (慈善) activities.“Giving away money takes as much attention as building a successful company,”he has said.
1.In his childhood,Bezos 　　　. 
A.had to work with parents on their farm all day long
B.showed great interest in science
C.didn’t get along well with his brothers and sisters
D.wanted to become a businessman
2.Jeffrey changed the course of business history because he 　　　. 
A.rose quickly,looking forward to a bright career in finance on Wall Street
B.observed the Internet usage was increasing by 2,300% a year
C.founded a new form of commerce that developed fast later
D.was the first to speak of Internet commerce
3.Bezos named his company Amazon with the aim of 　　　. 
A.opening numberless branches all over the world
B.living a quiet life along the Amazon River
C.earning endless money and being wealthy
D.wishing his company to run smoothly and endlessly
4.Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage?(　　)
A.How hard Bezos studied physics in Princeton University.
B.“A” only sold books in the beginning.
C.Bezos not only devoted his life to Internet commerce but also to charity.
D.The reason why Jeffrey Bezos decided to found A.
5.It can be inferred from the passage that 　　　. 
A.it was Bezos’s grandfather on the farm who helped him a lot
B.Bezos invented e-commerce to win the world fame overnight
C.Bezos is aiming at being “the Earth’s biggest bookstore”
D.Bezos has a sharp business mind and a kind heart
　　语篇解读:本文是一篇介绍人物的文章。介绍的是Amazon公司创始人Jeffrey Bezos的一生。
答案及剖析:1.B　事实细节题。第二段介绍了他的童年时代,因此,本题答案应在第二段。由第一句:“Jeffrey showed intense and varied scientific interests at an early age.”可知,他在很小的时候就对科学表现出了浓厚的兴趣。因此答案为B。
2.C　推理判断题。第三段提到“...looked forward to a bright career in finance,when he made a discovery that changed his life,and the course of business history.”下文提到他注意到了因特网商业的巨大商机并创办了Amazon公司,以及第五段最后一句可知他改变了商业历史的进程是因为他创建了一种快速发展的新型商业模式。
3.D　推理判断题。由第五段第二句可知他用有许多河流分支似乎无尽头的河流名称来命名公司,是希望他的公司能够顺利而且永无止境地运转,故答案为D。
4.A　事实细节题。文章第三段第一句谈及他在普林斯顿大学毕业并取得计算机和电气工程的学位,但并没提及他攻读物理的刻苦程度,因此答案为A。选项B在第五段第三句“It started as an online bookstore...”提到;C项在最后一段尤其最后一句“Giving away money takes as much attention as building a successful company”中提及;D项创建Amazon公司的原因在第四段最后一句进行了阐述。
5.D　推理判断题。从文章的整体内容可知,从小就对科学充满了浓厚的兴趣,而后及时捕捉到了因特网商业中的巨大商机,成立了Amazon公司,之后又积极投入到慈善事业中,由此可推断出他具有敏锐的商业头脑和一颗善良的心,即答案为D。
【疑难词汇解读】
1.intense adj. 强烈的,极度的
The fracture caused him intense pain.
骨折给他造成了剧烈的疼痛。
merce n. 商业、交易、贸易
Our overseas commerce has increased a great deal.
我们的海外贸易已大大增加。
【长难句子分析】
,

当他在普林斯顿大学拿到计算机和电气工程学位毕业之后,杰夫·贝佐斯就职于华尔街,在那里研究市场趋势的计算机科学需求量很大。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2013·辽宁，D)
“Indeed，” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightningbug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bugshaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”
文章大意：本文主要说的是“bug”一词的起源，不同含义和发展。
9．We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.
A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century
D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
答案：D　推理判断题。从第一段的George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785和But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had ...可知D项为正确答案。
10．What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Explanation. B．Finding.
C．Origin. D．Fault.
答案：D　词义猜测题。从第四段的In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties”可知答案。
11．The passage is mainly concerned with ________.
A．the misunderstanding of the word bug
B．the development of the word bug
C．the public views of the word bug
D．the special characteristics of the word bug
答案：B　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要说的是“bug”一词的使用时间以及发展，故B项为本题答案。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2013·福建，D)
Pride and Prejudice for the Modern Woman
Let us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen's most famous work, might be updated, 200 years on.
Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here's my own suggestion...
It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.
“My dear husband，” said his hopeful wife one day, “have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman？”
Her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not.
“But it is, it is，” she replied excitedly.
Mr DullHusband made no reply.
“Don't you want to know her plans？” she cried with some impatience.
“Well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little head. .. so I'd better listen.”
“Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though_how_a_woman_can_know_anything_about_that_is_beyond_me. She will move in herself next month.”
“What is her name？”
“Bingley.”
“Is she married or single？”
“What a question! And none of your business. But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys.”
“How so? How can it possibly affect them？”
“My dear love; those lazy boys need something to wake them up. There are bound to be jobs going.”
“Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place.”
“Nonsense, my love, how little you've noticed the world has changed. She's got a firstrate degree and some sort of business qualification, I'm told. She surely needs one of our boys! Perhaps you might give her a call.”
“Me? No. Perhaps you can take an interest. You still have your looks, after all. She may even offer you a job.”
“Oh, that's not likely. These new chances belong to the younger generation. But now you mention it, I think I'll go along all the same.”
And Mrs Bennet went along. That was 10 years ago. She is now managing director of a FTSElisted company.
... It would remain the case, of course, that Mrs Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more “female” dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures.
文章大意：奥斯汀作品《傲慢与偏见》中明显地体现了对于女性性别的歧视，时至今天，性别歧视仍然存在。
12．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Austen was born 200 years ago.
B．Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice.
C．Austen's success lies in her wisdom.
D．Austen's updated work gains popularity.
答案：C　细节题。由第一段Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence可知选C。
13．The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs Bennet ________.
A．had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about Bingley
B．felt kind of worried and doubtful about Bingley
C．was extremely anxious to meet Bingley
D．had a great curiosity about Bingley
答案：A　推断题。句意为：尽管妇女懂得经商的方法并能够把生意做大远远超出我的想像。可知Mrs Bennet拥有的应该是敬佩与吃惊的复杂心情。
14．In the eyes of Mrs Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to ________.
A．get married to
B．work for her
C．help her move in
D．take over her store
答案：B　细节题。由There are bound to be jobs going.以及She surely needs one of our boys！可知答案选B。
15．What does the writer intend to tell us?
A．Women with brains can also be as successful as men.
B．Women have to pay a high price for success.
C．A judgment must be made free from prejudice.
D．Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.
答案：D　细节题。由文章最后一段可知答案。

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