(英语)中考英语阅读理解精编习题及解析.pdf

（英语）中考英语阅读理解精编习题及解析（英语）中考英语阅读理解精编习题及解析一、阅读理解一、阅读理解1阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing,and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳）asthe father of science fiction.He was born in France in 1828.His father wanted him to become alawyer,but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer.At first he wrote plays for thetheater.Then,in 1863,he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon.The success of this bookencouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864）andFrom the Earth to the Moon（1865）.In the 19th century,many people were interested in science and inventions.Jules Verne wroteabout scientific subjects in his stories and,as a result,they were very popular.Vernes writingincluded many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true.Hedescribed space flight,movies,and air conditioning,a long time before they appeared.Thesebooks were very successful and they made Verne rich.Jules Vernes books have been the subjects for many movies.20,000 Leagues under the Seawas a successful movie for Walt Disney.It was the first time that Disney movie had used realactors instead of cartoon drawings.Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous moviebased on one of Vernes books.The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg.For him,the most important thing is to be always on time!（1）What does the phrase the father of science fiction mean?A.The father who has several children.B.The man who loves science and inventions.C.The writer whose father wrote science fiction.D.The man who first started writing science fiction successfully.（2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories?A.The plays he wrote for the theater.B.The encouragement from his father.C.The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.D.The scientific subjects in his stories.（3）Why were Jules Vernes books very popular in the 19th century?A.Because his books made him rich and famous.B.Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time.C.Because his books were the subjects for many movies.D.Because many people were interested in science and inventions.（4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg?A.Five Weeks in a Balloon.B.Around the World in Eighty Days.C.A Journey to the Center of the Earth.D.From the Earth to the Moon.（5）According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?A.The space flight Verne described was different from others.B.The main characters in Vernes books are always on time.C.Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century.D.Many of the predictions in Vernes stories came true.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。（1）词语理解题。根据短语the father of science fiction 科幻小说之父。可知，Jules Verne被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人，故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon.Thesuccess of this book encouraged him to write more stories”可知故事 Five Weeks in a Balloon 的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说，故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句由文中 In the 19th century,many people were interestedin science and inventions.Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and,as a result,they were very popular.可知在 19 世纪，许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。儒勒凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题，因此很受欢迎。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous moviebased on one of Vernes books.The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg.可知八十天环游世界是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。主角是一个叫斐利亚福克的英国人。故选 B。（5）理解判断题。根据文中的语句Vernes writing included many predictions（预言）forthe 20th century and many of them came true.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20 世纪的预言，其中许多预言都实现了，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，词义理解归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。2根据短文内容选择正确答案。A Shirley Temple,the once-famous child movie star,died at the age of 85 on February 10,2014.She was born on April 23,1928.She was good at acting and dancing.In 1934,she starred（主演）in the movie Bright Eyes.From then on she became famous around the world.Later shestarred in other movies and won a Juvenile Oscar in February,1935.For many Americans born in the 1930s and 1940s,Temple was not just an on-screen star butalso a close friend in their childhood.She was remembered by the world as“little angle”for alltime.An American movie star said,“Little Shirley Temple encouraged the whole country duringthe Great Depression（大萧条）.”Shi Li and Cui Jiping are husband and wife.They are disabled.They completed the first Chineseencyclopedic（百科知识的）dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.The dictionary includes words on medicine,education,psychology,law,history and cultureabout deaf peoples life.This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and ithelps them know about the world more easily.They spent six years and over 1,000,000 yuan on the book.They first collected material for thebook by themselves,then they invited a lot of experts across the country to write.The book is warmly welcomed by the deaf.One of the readers said,“The book shows thatwere not alone.We can have our own way to communicate with the world.”（1）From the passage we know that Temple .A.won a Juvenile Oscar for Bright EyesB.began to star in her first movie when she was tenC.was not an on-screen starD.was encouraging during the Great Depression（2）According to the passage,Shi Li and Cui Jiping .A.are disabled people full of love B.wrote many famous booksC.finished the book by themselvesD.live a very hard and poor life（3）Which of the following is TRUE about the book?A.It is the first world encyclopedic dictionary.B.Deaf people can know about the world more easily with the help of it.C.It took them sixteen years to finish the book.D.It includes medicine and art about the life of deaf people.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文报道了名人Shirley Temple、Shi Li and Cui Jiping 的事迹。Temple曾经著名的儿童电影明星，在 1935 年 2 月获得了少年奥斯卡奖，在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家。Shi Li and Cui Jiping 是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。（）细节理解题。根据An American movie star said,“Little Shirley Temple encouraged thewhole country during the Great Depression（大萧条）.”可知在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家，故选 D。（）推理判断题。根据They are disabled.They complete the first Chinese encyclopedic（百科知识的）dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.可知 Shi Li and CuiJiping 是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。故推断他么那是在帮助这些残疾人，是有爱心的，故选A。（）细节理解题。根据This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people andit helps them know about the world more easily.可知这本书为这群特殊人群提供了一个学习工具，并且帮助他们更容易地了解世界。故选B。3根据短文内容，回答下列问题。“Who needs a shopping mall（购物中心）if you have Taobao?says Wang Lin,28,a writer inBeijing.Taobao,Chinas largest online shopping site（网上购物网站）,has become an important partof Wang Lins life.She spends lots of money on Taobao.A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping.Most online shoppers are students or young workers.More women shop online than men;Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.It was reported that more than 250 billion（十亿）yuan was spent on online shopping lastyear,80%through Taobao.Taobao means looking for treasure in Chinese.People can find almost everything they needon Taobao,from clothes to books,from candies to DVD players.You may question the security of online shopping,Wang Lin said,Its very safe and convenient.Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them,the shop owner willnot get the money.You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”（1）What is Taobao?（2）Who are the most online shoppers?（3）Do more men shop on line than women?（4）What can you do if you want to return the products?（5）How much did people spend on line shopping through Taobao last year?【答案】（1）Its China largest online shopping site.（2）They are students or young workers.（3）No,they dont.（4）I/We can get my/our money back.（5）More than 200 million yuan.【解析】【分析】这篇短文中主要介绍了淘宝网越来越受人们的欢迎。人们几乎可以在网上购买到他们所有需要的物品。而且网上购物，不满意可以退货。（1）细节理解。根据第二段 Taobao,Chinas largest online shopping site（网上购物网站），has become an important part of Wang Lins life.可知答案是：Its China largest online shoppingsite.（2）细节理解。根据第三段Most online shoppers are students or young workers.可知答案是：They are students or young workers.（3）细节理解。根据第三段More women shop online than men;可知答案是：No,they dont.（4）细节理解。根据最后一句You can also get your money back if you want to return theproducts.可知答案是：I can get mymoney back.或者 We can get our money back。（5）细节理解。根据第四段It was reported that more than 250 billion（十亿）yuan wasspent on online shopping last year,80%through Taobao可知答案是：More than 200 millionyuan.【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。4阅读理解 Humans have learnt many things from nature.These things have helped us in our daily life.Thelatest thing is self-repairing clothing.Scientists have developed a special way for clothing to repair rips and tears by itself,withoutthe need for sewing.It works with materials such as cotton,linen and wool.The scientists arefrom the Naval Research Office and Pennsylvania State University in the USA.Scientists Dr WalterDressick and Dr Melik Demirel looked at how a squid can cling on to things so well.The researchteam found a protein in the rings of teeth that cover the suckers on a squid.The protein is similarto the one found in the silk that spiders use to make spider webs.It is very strong and elastic.The new protein has been developed as part of a coating,which is put on clothes.When thecoating is dipped in water,the area around the rip or tear joins together in less than a minute.This could help clothes last longer and save money for us.It could also be useful for military andsurvival clothes.People like soldiers and mountaineers would be safer if they had clothes thatcould be repaired quickly and easily.Professor Demirel spoke about the invention.He said,Thecoatings are thin,less than a micron,so they wouldnt be noticed in everyday wear.Then headded,Even thin,they increase the overall strength of the material.For the first time,we aremaking self-healing textiles.（1）From what have humans learnt a lot？A.Books.B.Nature.C.Scientists.D.Clothing.（2）What is NOT needed for the self-repairing clothes to fix themselves？A.Tears.B.Cotton.C.Sewing.D.Glue.（3）Whats the Chinese meaning of the underlined words is similar to？A.与相同 B.与不同 C.与相似 D.与一样（4）The passage is about .A.the new protein B.the coating C.humans D.the spider【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了最新的发明自我修复衣服。（1）细节题。根据 Humans have learnt many things from nature.人类已经从大自然里学了许多东西，故选 B。（2）细节题。根据 Scientists have developed a special way for clothing to repair rips and tearsby itself,without the need for sewing.可知是不需要缝，故选 C。（3）细节题。根据句子可知这种蛋白质与蜘蛛用来制作蜘蛛网的丝中的蛋白质相似。besimilar to，和相似，故选 C。（4）细节题。根据 The new protein has been developed as part of a coating，可知主要讲了新型蛋白质，故选 A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5阅读理解 Students at a primary school in Fuzhou,East Chinas Fujian Province were required to clean theschool toilets to help them develop good habits.But some parents are strongly against the idea.They cant see the advantages of studentsdoing such chores（杂事）.They think that the school should provide students with a propereducation,not the chance to be school cleaners.In fact,parents,schools and society play an equally（同等地）important role in developingthe character of students.It is good for schools to give students such tasks,because few of thestudents will do them at home.Their parents want them to do homework only.In recent years,some parents will make mountains out of molehills when students are asked to do some choresin schools.Some complain about the teachers if their kids get hurt in schools;some evenchallenge the schools teaching methods and management.As a result,many primary schools,especially those in big cities,do not let students join in outdoor activities during breaks,fearingthat they might get hurt.This is bad for the development of students best qualities.What the primary school in Fuzhou is doing is worth praising.Doing chores can put a sense ofresponsibility into students minds and teach them the spirit of rules as well as teamwork.Also,itcan make students in-school experiences more meaningful.（1）A primary school in Fuzhou required the students to .A.do homework only B.finish homework at schoolC.clean the playgroundD.clean the school toilets（2）Some parents dont think that the school should provide students with .A.a proper educationB.a chance to be cleanersC.a chance to be teachers D.more housework（3）The underlined phrase make mountains out of molehills means .A.愚公移山B.山穷水尽C.小题大做D.眉飞色舞（4）What is the main idea of the passage？A.Students shouldnt do any chores in school.B.Parents require students to do some chores in school.C.Some parents think doing some chores is harmful to students.D.Doing some chores can develop students good qualities.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】主要讲了福州一所小学让学生们打扫厕所来朋友学生的好习惯，对此一些父母的意见及其好处。（1）细节题。根据 Students at a primary school in Fuzhou,East Chinas Fujian Province wererequired to clean the school toilets to help them develop good habits 可知福州一所小学让学生们打扫厕所来朋友学生的好习惯，故选D。（2）细节题。根据 They think that the school should provide students with a proper education,not the chance to be school cleaners.可知一些父母认为不应该让学生成为学习清洁工，故选B。（3）推断题。根据后句 Some complain about the teachers if their kids get hurt in schools;some even challenge the schools teaching methods and management.一些家长抱怨老师是否孩子在学校受伤，甚至挑战老师的教学方法和管理，所以一些家长容易小题大做，故选C。（4）主旨题，根据 Doing chores can put a sense of responsibility into students minds andteach them the spirit of rules as well as teamwork.Also,it can make students in-schoolexperiences more meaningful.可知做家务可以培养学生的责任心、团队精神、让学生的在校经历更有意义，故选 D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解 It is a cold and dry winter morning.When you wake up,you feel that your throat hurts.Youbegin to sneeze and later you may cough.You must have a cold！Wait a moment.Could it just bea common cold or the flu（流感）thats been going around？A cold gives you a runny nose and cough.But its usually easy to deal with.Some people takemedicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup.Usually you feel better after a week.On the other hand,the flu can be much more dangerous.It usually gives you fever.Sometimesit can cause death.According to an American magazine,the worst flu killed about 50 millionpeople from 1918 to 1919.Dont worry.If you get a flu vaccine（疫苗）,it can stop you from getting the virus（病毒）.Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses.This causes your body todevelop antibodies（抗体）.So next time you get the flu,the antibodies will help you.The flu virus changes every few years.Therefore,there are so many types of flu,such as HlN1and H5N1.The antibodies for one type of flu cant help us against all types of flu.Thats why weneed to get the vaccine every year.However,good healthy habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu.Washing yourhands often helps stop you from getting viruses.It is also important to get regular exercise andeat healthy food.All these can help you strengthen（增强）your immune s