供应链管理_第三版_Unit1_习题与答案.pdf

Chapter 1Understanding the Supply ChainTrue/False1.A supply chain includes only the organizations directly involved in supplyingcomponents needed for manufacturing.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate2.A supply chain could be more accurately described as a supply network orsupply web.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate3.The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy4.Every supply chain must include all 5 stages.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy5.The cycle view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chain aredivided into a series of activities performed at the interface between successivestages.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate6.The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chainare divided into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in responseto or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy7.The objective of customer order entry is to maintain a record of product receiptand complete payment.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard8.The replenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Hard9.The manufacturing cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate10.The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyThe cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions,because it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member ofthe supply chain.Answer:TrueDifficulty:ModerateThe push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design,because it categorizes processesbased on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customerorders.Answer:TrueDifficulty:ModeratePull processes may also be referred to as reactive processes.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyPull processes may also be referred to as speculative processes.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyAll supply chain activities within a firm belong to one of three macro processesCRM,ISCM and SRM.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyThere is a close connection between the design and management of supplychain flows and the success of a supply chain.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy11.12.13.14.15.16.Essay/Problems1.Explain the 3 decision phases(categories)that must be made in a successfulsupply chain.Answer:The 3 decision phases that occur within a supply chain are supply chainstrategy(or design),supply chain planning and supply chain operation.Decisionsrelate to the flow of information,product and funds.The difference betweencategories depends upon the frequency of each decision and the time frame overwhich it has an impact.During the supply chain strategy phase,a companydetermines what the chains configurations will be,how resources will beallocated,and what processes each stage will perform.This will establish thestructure of the supply chain for several years.Supply chain planning deals withdecisions with a time frame from 3 months up to a year.The planning phasemust work within the constraints established in the strategy phase.Planningdecisions include which markets to supply from which locations,subcontractingof manufacturing,inventory policies and timing and size of marketing promotions.The supply chain operation phase operates on a weekly or daily time horizon anddeals with decisions concerning individual customer orders.Difficulty:Hard答：决策的 3 阶段发生在一个供应链的供应链战略（或设计），供应链与供应链运作。决策与信息的流动，产品和资金。之间的差异类别取决于频率的每一个决定和时间框架，它影响了。在供应链战略阶段，公司决定将链的配置，资源分配，和过程每个阶段都会执行。这将建立供应链结构的几年。供应链计划涉及一个时间框架从3 个月到一年。规划阶段必须工作的限制，建立在战略阶段。规划的决定，包括市场的供应地点，转包生产，库存策略和营销推广的时机和规模。供应链运作阶段运行在一个每周或每天的时间范围和处理决定个别客户的订单。2.Describe the cycle view of the processes within a supply chain.Answer:The cycle view divides the supply chain into a series of 4 cyclesbetween the 5 different stages of a supply chain.The cycles are the customerorder cycle,replenishment cycle,manufacturing cycle and procurement cycle.The customer order cycle occurs at the customer/retailer interface and includesall processes directly involved in receiving and filling the customer.Thereplenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface and includes allprocesses involved in replenishing retailer inventory.The manufacturing cycletypically occurs at the distributor/manufacturer(or retailer/manufacturer)interfaceand includes all processes involved in replenishing distributor(or retailer)inventory.The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interfaceand includes all processes necessary to ensure that the materials are availablefor manufacturing according to schedule.Difficulty:Moderate答：周期视图将供应链成一系列的4 个周期之间的 5 个不同阶段的供应链。周期客户订货周期，补货周期，制造周期和采购周期。客户订单周期发生在客户/零售商的接口，包括所有进程直接参与接收和填补客户。补货周期发生在零售商/分销商的接口，包括所有过程中补充零售商库存。制造周期通常发生在经销商/制造商（或零售商或制造商）接口，包括所有过程中补充批发商（或零售商）库存。采购周期发生在厂家/供应商接口，包括所有必要程序，确保材料可用于制造按时间表。3.Explain the push/pull view of the processes within a supply chain.Answer:The push/pull view of the supply chain divides supply chain processesinto two categories based on whether they are executed in response to acustomer order or in anticipation of customer orders.Pull processes are initiatedin response to a customer order.Push processes are initiated and performed inanticipation of customer orders.The push/pull boundary separates pushprocesses from pull processes.This view is very useful when consideringstrategic decisions relating to supply chain design,because it forces a moreglobal consideration of supply chain processes as they relate to the customer.Difficulty:Moderate答：推/拉的供应链供应链过程分为2 大类的基础上无论是执行响应客户订单或预期顾客订单。拉过程发起响应客户订单。推动进程发起和完成预期的客户订单。推/拉推拉过程进程边界分隔。这种观点是非常有用的时候考虑的战略决策有关供应链设计，因为它迫使全球更多的考虑供应链流程，因为它们涉及的客户。4.Explain the three macro processes within a supply chain.Answer:All processes within a supply chain can be classified into three macroprocesses which are Customer Relationship Management(CRM),InternalSupply Chain Management(ISCM),and Supplier Relationship Management(SRM).Customer Relationship Management(CRM)includes all processes thatfocus on the interface between the firm and its customers such as marketing,sales,call center management and order management.Internal Supply ChainManagement(ISCM)includes all processes that are internal to the firm such aspreparation of demand and supply plans,preparation of inventory managementpolicies,order fulfillment and planning of capacity.Supplier RelationshipManagement(SRM)includes all processes that focus on the interface between afirm and its suppliers such as evaluation and selection of suppliers,negotiation ofsupply terms and communication regarding new products and orders.Difficulty:Moderate答：所有的过程在一个供应链可分为三大过程，客户关系管理（客户关系管理），内部供应链管理（瑞士），与供应商关系管理（软件）。客户关系管理（客户关系管理）包括所有进程，重点放在接口之间的公司和它的客户，如营销，销售，客服中心管理和订单管理。内部供应链管理（瑞士）包括所有进程，是公司内部制备等需求和供应计划，准备库存管理政策，履行订单和策划能力。供应商关系管理（软件）包括所有进程，重点放在接口之间的公司和供应商的评价和选择供应商，谈判的供应条件和通讯方面的新产品和订单。