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新版国际音标书写对比.doc

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音素分类    音标书写       音位音长 元音 声带振动 单音口形不变 前元音 [ i: ][ ɪ ][ e ][ æ ] 扁唇形,舌尖抵下齿,依次张大 中元音 [ ɜ: ] [ ə ] [ ʌ ] 圆唇,舌悬空中高,依次张大 后元音 [u:][ʊ][ɔ:][ɒ][ɑ:] 扁圆唇,舌后缩底高,依次张大 双元音口形变 合口 双元音 [eɪ] [ɔɪ] [aɪ] 前长后短,前重后轻,首音长三分之二,次音三分之一,从首音滑向次音,一到即止。 合口 双元音 [əʊ] [aʊ] 集中 双元音 [ɪə] [ʊə] [eə] 辅音 声带振动或无振动 腔阻成音 爆破音 清 [ p ] [ t ] [ k ] 1、双唇闭,气冲成音 2、舌尖抵上齿龈,弹舌成音 3、舌后部抵软鄂,咳气成音 浊 [ b ] [ d ] [ g ] 摩擦音 清 [ s ][θ][ f] [ ʃ ] 1、 s z双唇微张,舌尖平近上齿,气流缓出舌齿间, 2、 T D双唇微张,舌尖平抵上齿龈冲舌成音 3、 S Z圆唇微突出,舌尖微上卷近上齿龈,送气成音 4、 F v上齿轻咬下唇,气出唇齿,摩擦成音、 浊 [ z ][ ð ][ z ][ ʒ ] 破擦音 清 [ tr] [ tʃ ]  [ ts] 口舌摆好首音音位,尽力发出次音,即可成音 浊 [ dr ][ dʒ ][ dz ] 半元音 [ w ] [ j ] 1、 W稍圆突唇舌后抬起,嘴唇滑向两边,振动 2、 j扁唇微笑,舌尖抵下齿,舌面贴上鄂,振动, 3、 两音长很短,一出即滑至后音 似摩音 [ l ] [ h ] [ r ] 1、l舌抵上齿龈,稍弯,气出舌两边成音,振动 2、h 嘴唇自然张开,呵气成音,声带不振动 3、r舌关上卷悬中,圆唇稍突,冲舌成音,振动 鼻音 [m] [n] [ŋ]] 1.M双唇紧闭,舌尖平悬,气出鼻腔振动 2.n双唇微开,舌尖抵上齿龈,气出鼻腔,振动 3N双唇张开,舌尖抵下齿龈,舌后自然升顶,气出鼻腔,      英语国际音标新旧对照表 Vowels 元音20个 新 i: ɪ e æ ɜ: ə ʌ u: ʊ ɔ: 旧 i: i e æ ə: ə ʌ u: u ɔ: 新 ɒ a: eɪ aɪ ɔɪ əʊ aʊ ɪə eə ʊə 旧 ɔ ɑ: ei ai ɔi əu au iə εə uə Consonants 辅音28个 无 变 化 p b t d k g f v s z T ð m n ŋ l r h w j ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ tr dr ts dz 英语国际音标四线三格书写规范 长元音 短元音 [ i:] [ u:] [ ɜ:] [ ɔ:] [ ɑ:] [ ɪ ] [ ʊ ] [ ə ] [ ɒ ] [ e ] [ æ ] [ ʌ ] 双元音 /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɪə/ /ʊə/ /eə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/ 轻辅音 浊辅音 /p / / t / / k / / f/ / ʃ / / s / /θ/ /b / /d/ / g / / v / / ʒ / / z / / ð / 轻辅音 浊辅音 / ts/ / tʃ/ / tr/ / h/ / dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ / r/ 鼻音 /m/ / n / / ŋ / 半元音 / j / /w/ 舌侧音 / ǀ / 含糊音 / ǀ / 英语国际音标音源练习 一、单元音:vowels(12个) 1、[ i:] A: Tea or coffee? B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please、 e: me be she he we evening see ee: sweet bee sweep sheep sleep three green ea: meat read leaf sea pea teach eat clean ie, ei, eo: piece, ceiling, people  2、[ ɪ ][ i ] His little sister is sitting in the middle、 i: is English pig fish in fifteen six ship thin  e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy  ey: monkey  money ay: Sunday  Saturday  Friday 比较:1、it——eat  2、 live—leave 3、 fill-feel  4、 seat—sit  5、 tree-trip  6、bit—bee   7、 sheep—ship 8、 deed—did  9、 live—leave  10、 feed-fit 11、 pea—pit 12、 rid-read   13、 street—strict 14、 sleep-slip 3、[ e ] Good, better, best、 Never let it rest、     Till good is better、 And better best、 e: egg  bell desk leg red pet then ten pen   ea: bread head  breakfast ai: again 4、[ æ ]  Cat, cat! Catch that black rat! a: dad hat cap bag cat can bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map pare: 1、 bet—-bat 2、 pat—pet   3、 bag-beg 4、 sat—set  5、 neck-—lack  6、 sad—said   7、bad—bed 8、dad—dead   9、lad-led    10、 fad—fed   5、 [\:][ə:] The early bird catches the worm first、 er: her  serve term ir:bird girl  skirt first  dirty  skirt  shirt  ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain ear:early learn  or: word work world 6、 [ ə ] The farmer’s sister is a doctor、 er:teacher clever brother dinner father sister ruler  ar: sugar or:doctor   a:panda about above camera sofa China e: open ure: picture 7、 [ ʌ ] e to the front on the double、 o: son e colour love money   u: sun nut jump gum us bus brush   supper duck   ou: touch cousin country 8、[ u:] How do you do? You look really cool、 o: do who whose oo: food moon too soon   ui: fruit juice   u: ruler rude ou:soup oe:shoe 9、[ ʊ ][u] Look at the cookbook、 It’s really good、 o:woman wolf  oo:look good book foot wood classroom  u:bull bullet 10、[ ɔ:] My daughter who’s forty-four is a lawyer、 a: water    aw:draw strawberry    al:ball wall call   or:horse morning corn fork or  short   oor:floor door au: autumn ar: warm 11、 [ ɒ ][ ɔ ] The little pot is so hot、 o: fox  coffee  dog shop dog    doctor long sorry   a: watch what 12、[ a:] It’s far to the farm from the park、 a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last half  ar: car star arm park March hard garden dark scarf  au: laugh  aunt ear: heart 二、双元音(8个): 13、 [eɪ] [ ei ] Rain, rain go away、 Little Johnny wants to play、 a: cake  make name game snake gate lazy ai: rain train wait ay:day May play taday  way ea: great 14、 [ ɔɪ ] [ ɔi ] Soybean oil is my choice、 oi: oil boil  coin point oy: boy toy 15、 [ aɪ ][ ai ] Out of sight, out of mind、 i: kite bike nice tiger  write idea knife five y: by  cry  fly  my sky  try why goodbye ie: tie pie   uy: buy 16、 [ əʊ ][ əu] Go and open the window, Joe,  and show me the photo、 o: nose rose poem old over hello oa: boat coat soap goat ow: show window snow  bowl  17、 [ aʊ ] [au] I found a mouse in the house、 ou: house mouse mouth trousers about round ow: flower cow how  now  down town 18、 [ ɪə ] [ iə ] We are near the end of the year、 ear: ear hear tear year eer: deer beer ea: really 19、[ eə ][εə] Where there is a will, there is a way、 air: hair  chair  pair   ear: pear bear wear ere: there  eir: their are :careful 20、 [ ʊə ][ uə]It’s sure to be good for the tourists、   oor: poor   our: tour February ure: sure pure 三、辅音 Consonants (28个) [ p ] Practice makes perfect、 [ b ] Barry found a big bug on her bed、 [ t ] Thisis a hat, that’s a cap、          [ d ] The doorman told David to go down、 [ k ] Don’t kit the kitten、      [ g ] A good beginning makes a good ending、 [ f ] If you buy fish, make sure it’s fresh、   [ v ] Victor is very clever、 [ s ] Sandy has a new swimming suit、   [ z ] What size of shoes does Daisy wear? [ q ] Thank you for your table cloth、    [ ð ] Those are far and these are near、 [ ò ] Wash the fish, please、             [ ʒ] pleasure,  television [ tò ] He teaches children how to play chess、  [dʒ] John likes to tell jokes、 [ tr] There’re lots of trucks in the street、 [dr] He likes strong drinks、 [ ts] The students are wearing white shirts、 [dz] Take away your dirty hands 鼻音 [m] May I have some milk, mum? [ n] Nora knows the new er、 [ ŋ] Lingling is listening to the song、 pare: n [ n ]  ng /nk [ ŋ] in—ink   sin—sing  thin—--thing than-thank son-—-song 摩擦音 [ h] have hot who whole hate house Helen holds her hands、 [ r ] read write wrong Are you ready to read?ò 舌边音 [ l ] land world  little middle castle puzzle What a beautiful bicycle! 半元音 [ w ] wall what answer  The homework every week is very hard、 [ j ] yes yellow year your skirt is wet、
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