高三英语一轮复习名词性从句.pptx

宾语从句宾语从句 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句V+ClauseClause+V+OBe+ClauseN+Clause内容内容2018届高三英语一轮复届高三英语一轮复习名词性从句精品课件习名词性从句精品课件疑问代词疑问代词作主、表、作主、表、定语定语宾语宾语疑问副词作疑问副词作状语状语2.语法学家把主语从句中的疑问代词，疑语法学家把主语从句中的疑问代词，疑问副词重新命名为问副词重新命名为连接代词连接代词，连接副词。，连接副词。When(ever)WhyWhere(ever)How(ever)whoseWhat(ever)Who(ever)which(ever)whom(everThe Object Clause 一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.We know that Mr Guo teaches us English.She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语 序时 态thatthat引导引导陈述句陈述句的宾语从句的宾语从句Who,whom,whose,which，what where,how,why,when引导引导特殊疑问句特殊疑问句的宾语从句的宾语从句whether,if 引导引导一般疑问句一般疑问句的宾语从句的宾语从句（一）引导词:不同的引导词引导不同的宾语从句I dont know where he comes from.I think（that）he Iives in Beijing1、He lives in Beijing I think2、Does Jack come from Japan?Do you know?Do you know whether（if）Jack comes from Japan?3、Where does he come from?I dont know句型转换句型转换1、I am sure_ （他来自美国）（他来自美国）2、I dont know _ 他是否喜欢音乐）他是否喜欢音乐）3、Do you know _ （她正在谈论什么）（她正在谈论什么）（that）he comes from Americawherher（if）he loves musicwhat she is talking about汉译英汉译英1.I hear(that)_.2.He said(that)_.3.The teacher told us(that)_ _.4.Im afraid _.he will be back in an hour he liked basketball very much the earth moves1)由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略充当成分，在口语当中往往省略around the sunthat I have made a mistake(他一小时后回来他一小时后回来)(他非常喜欢篮球他非常喜欢篮球)(地球绕着太阳转地球绕着太阳转)我犯了一个错误我犯了一个错误哪些主句后跟哪些主句后跟that引导的宾语从句呢引导的宾语从句呢?I(dont)believe/think/suppose(猜想)/expect(期待)/imagine(想象)thatI hope/wish thatIm glad/happy/pleased/sorry/afraid/sure/certain/surprised/that 2)whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I want to know _ _.2.Ask him _.3.I wonder _.if(whether)he has come up with new ideas if(whether)he is satisfied with the result of the match.whether it is going to rain or notif/whether“是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask,wonder,doubt,can(could)you tell me 等后。等后。他是否想出了新主意他是否想出了新主意他是否对比赛结果感到满意他是否对比赛结果感到满意天是否将要下雨天是否将要下雨只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前：在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating.3.当与当与or not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.1.He asked _.2.Do you know_?3.He asked_.4.Do you know _?5.Please tell me _.6.Could you tell me _?who was on duty today whom they are waiting for whose English was the best in the class when well have a class meeting where the nearest hospital is.why you recommend Sandy 3)由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。as the chairperson of the Students Union （二）语序：陈述句语序 即：主句即：主句+引导词引导词+从句（从句（主主+谓谓+其他成分其他成分）Can you tell me _(你多大啦你多大啦)?当当what,which,who在从句中在从句中作主语或是作主语或是以以下句子时，语序不变：下句子时，语序不变：Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What happened?e.g:Can you tell me who is over there?I dont know whats the matter.Are you?Will you?Have you?Do you?Can you?是疑问句语序是疑问句语序how old you are主句一般现在时，从句可用任何时态。主句一般现在时，从句可用任何时态。主句一般过去时，从句用主句一般过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态与过去相关的时态。（三）时态：从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。名言时，仍用现在时。Dad told us that knowledge is power.He told the boy that three and four is seven.He told me the sun rises in the east.当主句为一般过去时当主句为一般过去时,从句中有具体的过去时间从句中有具体的过去时间状语时状语时,一般不用过去完成时一般不用过去完成时,而是用一般过去时而是用一般过去时.He said(that)he bought the house in 1989.与过去相关的时态与过去相关的时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时过去将来时）e.g.He said that he had been to shanghai.I thought that he was watching TV.She insisted that she was right.Mary told me that she would go to Beijing the next day引导词引导词陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句语序语序-时态时态主句主句过去时过去时从句从句主句主句现在时现在时从句从句回回顾顾与与总总结结thatif/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问词陈述句语序陈述句语序任何时态任何时态过去类时态过去类时态、宾语从句的位移、宾语从句的位移一、移到主语的位置（主语从句）1、_ is known to us.2、_is not known to us.3、_is not known to us.That he is a studentWhether he is a studentWho he is（that不能省略）不能省略）（不用（不用if）二、移到表语的位置（二、移到表语的位置（表语从句表语从句）：）：1、The fact is_2、The question is _3、The question is_that he is a student.whether he is a student.who he is.（that不能省略）不能省略）（不用（不用if）三、移到名词的后面（三、移到名词的后面（同位语从句同位语从句）1、The fact_ 2、The question _ is not known to us.3、The question_ that he is a studentwhether he is a studentwho he isis true.is not known to us.（that不作句子成分，不是定语从句。）不作句子成分，不是定语从句。）(定语从句定语从句who代表人，这里代表人，这里who代表代表question)（不用（不用if）同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句与定语从句的区别：比 较We expressed the hope(that)they had expressed.We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.定语从句同位语从句（1）从语法角度上看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接的作用，在从句中并不作任何句子成分；而引导定语从句that的是关系代词，除了起连接作用外，还在从句中作句子成分.(2)从语义角度上看，同位语从句与从语义角度上看，同位语从句与前面前面的的名词名词(如如hope)是同位关系，表示这个是同位关系，表示这个“希望希望”的内容是的内容是“他们再来中国访问他们再来中国访问”；而定语；而定语从句与前面的名词是所属关系，表示从句与前面的名词是所属关系，表示“的的（如第一句中的（如第一句中的”他们曾经表示过的他们曾经表示过的“），），起修饰作用。起修饰作用。（3）同位语从句的连词）同位语从句的连词that一般不能省略；一般不能省略；而定语从句中的关系代词而定语从句中的关系代词that，当其在从句，当其在从句中作宾语中，常常可以省略（如第一句中的中作宾语中，常常可以省略（如第一句中的that可以省略）可以省略）名词性从句有三种类型：名词性从句有三种类型：1、that引导的名词性从句，不作句子成分，无词义引导的名词性从句，不作句子成分，无词义2、whether 引导的名词性从句，不作句子成分，有词引导的名词性从句，不作句子成分，有词义，义，“是否是否”（宾语从句（宾语从句whether或或if）小结：小结：3、特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句，必须作、特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句，必须作句子成分句子成分，有词义有词义。疑问代词疑问代词（连接代词）：（连接代词）：who whose whom（谁）（谁）whoever（无论谁）（无论谁）what（什么）、（什么）、which（哪一个），（哪一个），whatever（无论什么）（无论什么）whichever（无论哪一个）作（无论哪一个）作主主语、语、宾宾语、语、表表语等。语等。疑问副词疑问副词（连接副词）：（连接副词）：when（为什么），（为什么），where（什么地方），（什么地方），how（怎样），（怎样），why（为什么），在（为什么），在名词性从句中作名词性从句中作状状语。语。Exercise I：单项选择1.We havent decided _ we will go there for a picnic tomorrow.A.where B.why C.when D.whether2.Do you know _?A.what time will the plane take off B.what time would the plane take off C.what time the plane will take off D.the plane will take off at what time3.The manager came up to see _.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.what the matter is D.whats the matter4.Can you tell me when _ back?A.will he be B.does he come C.he will be D.did he come5.Wu Dong said he _ twice.A.has been to Shanghai B.has gone to Shanghai C.had been to Shanghai D.had gone to Shanghai DC ACC6.D0 you understand_?A.what she said B.what to say C.what did she said D.how she had said7.The teacher said that_.A.the sun moves around the earth B.the earth moved around the sun C.the moon is our satellite D.the moon was our satellite8.I dont know when he _back,Please tell him the news when he _back.()A.come;will come B.comes;comes c.will come;comes D.will come;will come ACC9.I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _if he is free.A.will come;comes B.will come,will comeC.comes comes D.comes;will come10.No one knows_.A.which gate we have to go B.which gate we must go C.which gate do we have to go to D.which gate we have to go toBD1.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.2.I hear they _(return)the bike already.3.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)4.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)5.I suppose you _ about the murder now.(talk)were playing have returned had been travels are talkingExercise:动词正确形式填充动词正确形式填充6.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)7.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)8.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)9.Ling Feng told me he _ there several times.(be)10.Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east.(rise)wrote has taken had been rises wereExercise:将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you say at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to go skiing?He asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said.5.He has found his bick.Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he had found his bike.6.Is she doing her homework?Jim asked.7.When will he come back?Tom asked.8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late?Would you tell me?10.Which song is the most beautiful?They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked which song was the most beautifulJim asked if she was doing her homework.Exercise 完成句子翻译1.我想知道未来的电脑会是我想知道未来的电脑会是怎样怎样的。的。I want to know_2.请告诉我他们请告诉我他们怎样怎样处理那笔钱了处理那笔钱了Please tell me _3.我想知道你喜欢溜冰还是滑雪我想知道你喜欢溜冰还是滑雪I wonder _4.老师问谁能够用英语回答这个问题老师问谁能够用英语回答这个问题The teacher asked5.我相信他不会做任何违法的事。我相信他不会做任何违法的事。I_ what computers will be like in the future.what they have done with the money.whether you like skating or skiing.who could answer this question in English.dont believe he will do anything against the law.6.你能告诉我这副眼镜你买了多久了？你能告诉我这副眼镜你买了多久了？Could you tell me _?7.我们相信中国能够成功举办届北京奥运会我们相信中国能够成功举办届北京奥运会We believe_8.蒋先生想知道他的机器人怎么啦。蒋先生想知道他的机器人怎么啦。Mr Jiang wondered _.9.警察说他们将尽快抓到凶手。警察说他们将尽快抓到凶手。The police said_.10.请注意老师说的话。请注意老师说的话。how long you have had this pair of glassesChina will hold the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing successfully.what was wrong with his robotthey would catch the murderer as soon as possiblePlease pay attention to what the teacher said.（一）（一）1、Do you know where now?A、he lives B、does he live C、he lived D、did he live2、Can you tell me what time？A、the train leave B、does the train leaveC、will the train leave D、the train leaves3、I cant understand A、what does Christmas mean B、what Christmas does mean C、what mean Christmas does D、what Christmas means单项选择单项选择4、I dont know he will come tomorrow。he comes，I will tell youA If；whether B whether;whetherC if;That D if;If5、I want to know A whom is she looking after B whom she is looking C whom is she looking D whom she is looking after（二）（二）1、you have done might do harm to other peopleA That B What C Whether D How2、he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A What B That C The fact D The matter3、you dont like him is none of my business.A What B who C That D Whether4、well go camping tomorrow depends on the weatherA If B Whether C That D Where5、leaves the room last ought to turn off the lightsA Anyone B The person C Whoever D Who(三）三）1、-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that you had a few days off?A why B when C what D where2-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-oh,thats _ A、what makes me feel excited B、whatever I feel excited aboutC、how I feel about it D、when I feel excited3、The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the water park。A、Where B、how C、when D.why4、The traditional view is we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do soA、when B、why C、whether D、that5、Why not try your luck downtown Bob？Thats the best jobs are A、where B、what C、when D、why注：有时特殊疑问词在引导名词性从句时，注：有时特殊疑问词在引导名词性从句时，没有疑问的含义，而是表示一个名词性概念，没有疑问的含义，而是表示一个名词性概念，例如例如#1题中的题中的why，#2 题中的题中的 what#3题题中的中的when#5题中的题中的where（四）（四）1、I have no idea we can do with these waste materialsA、what B、that C、how D、whether2、Word came I was wanted at the officeA、that B、what C、whether D、which3、The fact she works hard is well known to us allA、that B、what C、why D、which4、The news he was kidnapped（绑架）（绑架）surprised us greatly A、what B、that C、why D、when5、He often asked me the question the work was worth doing A、whether B、where C、that D、when