Lecture6英国教育.pptx

Lecture6British Education System IntroductiontoBritishEducationalSystemIntroductiontoBritishEducationalSystem ContentlWarm-up questionslOverview of British Educational SystemlText A(10 minutes)lText B and C(15minutes)lFeatures of British Educational SystemlFamous universities in the U.K.lhomeworkIntroduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction to British Educational SystemBefore You ReadWarm-up questions lWhatcoursesaretaughtinBritishprimaryschools?_lwhydomanypeopleliketostudyinBritishuniversitiesaftertheirgraduation?_lDoyouknowanyfamousuniversitiesintheU.K.?Ifyes,canyoulistthenamesofthem?_Introduction Purpose Not only provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also socialize children.Introduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction Purpose Not only provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also socialize children.Introduction to British Educational System Five stages l1st:nursery school(3-4)l2nd:Primary school(5-11)l3rd:Secondary school(11-16)l5-16yearsold(compulsoryeducation)义务教育16-18中学高级班(或大学预科)4th:18岁大学岁大学3-4(医科医科5)for BA/BScs;1-2 MA/MScs;PhD(3-5)5th:further education:青年和成年人的职业教育青年和成年人的职业教育(不含正规不含正规的大学的大学Introduction to British Educational SystemGeneral classification of British Educational SystemlCompulsory educationlFurther educationlHigher education Introduction to British Educational SystemText A Going to school:British Style Introduction to British Educational System AgeYear/FormBritishSystemKeystage34Nursery School/幼儿园幼儿园Kindergarten5678910Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 6Primary Level5-10Keystage1111213Year 7(Form 1)Year 8(Form 2)Year 9(Form 3)Secondary Level11-16Key stage 2Key stage 3(pre-GCSE)1415Year 10(Form4)Year 11(Form 5)161718Year 12(Lower 6)Six form college Year 13(Upper 6)A Level(Advanced Level Exams)2 years 16-18中学高级中学高级班或大学预科班或大学预科不想上大学不想上大学 的：的：national vocational qualification(NVQ)Key stage 4(GCSE)高级普通教育证书(GCEAlevel)考试或者国际中学文凭(IBInternationalBaccalaureat)完成中学教育1920212223Undergraduate(3-5 years)British Education System OverviewChinese&British Education SystemsYearChinaAgeBritainYear5PrimarySchool11ElementarySchool622733844955106611HighSchool77JuniorMiddleSchool1288139914GCSE CourseGCSE Examinations1010SeniorMiddleSchool15111116A-Level CourseA-Level Examinations1212171813The UK School SystemlStateSchools(美国公立public):These are totally funded by the government and are free to all British children.(more than 90%)lIndependent(Private)Schools（独立，私立，寄宿）:These are funded by the fees charged to the parents.lAbout 8%of British children attend Independent SchoolslRegulations do not permit international students to attend State Schools they must attend Independent SchoolsIntroduction to British Educational SystemThe UK School SystemlSchooling is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 years:Total of 11 years.lThose wishing to gain entry to university must complete an additional two years of A Level studies(16-18).Introduction to British Educational System Text B and Text ClText B 5 minutes(exercises)lText C 5 minutes(exercises)Introduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction to British Educational SystemCurriculum in Schooll All British schools-State&Independent are required to follow the National Curriculum guide-lines set down by the governmentlStandard Achievement Tests(SATs)are administered at 7,11 and 14 years to assess each students progress.lGenerally,Independent Schools provide a broader curriculum than that required by law Coresubjects:English,Math,SciencelFoundationsubjects:Design&Technology,Informationand CommunicationTechnology(ICT),History,Geography,Music,Art,Physical Education,A modern foreign language （usually French)Introduction to British Educational SystemPrimary EducationlPre-schoolinglBeforeprimaryschoolingsomechildrenhaveanopportunitytoattendthefewkindergartens,whicharecalled“Nursery Schools”.（3-4yearsold)Introduction to British Educational SystemPrimary Schools小学教育小学教育l Two sectionsl State schoolsl Co-educated schools男女同校男女同校l Academic yearl Curriculum in schoolIntroduction to British Educational SystemState Schoolsl They are funded by local and central governments.Introduction to British Educational SystemCo-educated Schoolsl These schools admit both boys and girls.Academic Yearl Begins in September,and is divided into three terms,with holidays at Christmas,Easter,and in the summer.TheAcademicYearThe Academic Year in British Schools and Colleges is divided into three terms:Term1:September to DecemberTerm2:January to MarchTerm3:April to July There are short holidays at the mid-point of each term and longer holidays between termsIntroduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction to British Educational SystemSecondary Education中学教育中学教育l The children begin secondary education at the age of 11.l Types of secondary schoolsl ExaminationsEton CollegeEtonPupilswiththetutorIntroduction to British Educational SystemTypes of Secondary Schoolsl Comprehensive schools They were established before 1960.Such schools provide general education.l Grammar schools The oldest schools in the U.K.Select the children who get high marks in the“Eleven Plus”examination,or show academic potential.Introduction to British Educational SystemTypes of Secondary Schoolsl Independent and public Sschools Independent schools are also confusingly called public schools.Independent schools are funded through the private sector,tuition fees and minimal government assistance.Introduction to British Educational SystemExaminations l GCSE:General Certificate of Secondary Education(中等教育普通证书）中等教育普通证书）16l GCEA:General Certificate of Education-Advanced（高等教育普通证书）（高等教育普通证书）l GNVQ:General National Vocational Qualifications（国家职业资格普通证书）（国家职业资格普通证书）16 lA-Level(進階級課程):16-18The High School CurriculumAgeCurriculum1114YearsGeneral programme of education1416YearsGCSECourse:8/10subjectsCompulsory&optional subjects16YearsGCSEExamination1618YearsA-LevelCourse:3/4subjectsStudents choose the subjects they wish to study18YearsA-LevelExaminationIntroduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction to British Educational SystemHigher Educationl British universities receive funds from the central government.The amount of funding each university receives is based on its size,the number of students it teaches,and the research it conducts.Introduction to British Educational SystemHigher Educationl History and types of universityl Famous universitiesIntroduction to British Educational SystemHistory of Universityl 12th and 13th centuries:Oxford and Cambridgel 14th and 15th centuries:four Scottish universitiesl 19th and 20th centuries:other universitiesl After the Second World War:new universitiesIntroduction to British Educational Systeml The only independent university:Buckingham Universityl British universities have relative academic and management freedom.Categories of British UniversitieslThe Old Universities:Oxbridge牛桥牛桥(牛津和剑桥牛津和剑桥)(features:1.self-governing,2.tutorial system,3.more emphasis on arts and humanities)lThe Red-brick Universities:most were built between 1850-1930.lThe New Universities:most were built from WWII to now,more emphasis on advanced studies in science and technology,functional buildings.lThe Open Universities:open to anyone with no age restriction and no formal academic qualifications required for entryIntroduction to British Educational SystemDegrees Offered Bachelors degree Masters degree Doctors degreelFee-charging(on the average:1200-3000)lDegreeslBA/BSc3yearsfull-timelMA/MSc1yearfull-time/2yearspart-timelPhDatleast3yearsoriginalresearchTeaching Methods lThe UK educational system encourages self-study,discussions&practical work.The students may have time-tabled classes or might be encouraged to do more of independent work.lMost of the courses would include the following teaching methods:A.Lectures 讲座讲座lThe professors dominate the lectures which serve to guide the students.lThe size of the class is generally large,often up to 100 students.lNO prescribed textbooks but handouts.B.Seminars 讨论会讨论会lThe seminars provide the students with a platform for sharing their views on a given topic.lThe students are told in advance about a topic&are required to prepare a presentation on it.lThe point of attending seminars is thatthe discussions often help students understand a topic better in different perspectives&help students develop their communication skills.C.TutorialslTutorials give students focused guidance on a particular topic once a week.lThe size of tutorials is quite small.(15-20)Every student has to speak in class.lThe students meet with the professors individually to discuss their concerns about the topic that they have undertaken&thus seek individual guidance.D.Independent WorklStudents are supposed to investigate a topic in detail&develop their own views about it.(off-campus research)lThis usually involves working individually or in a small group with other students to research a topic.lProduce written work or make presentation for a seminar.E.CourseworklThis may include essays,reports,projects,presentations or reflections.lCoursework is assessed&given grades.lQuestion:Is the written exam a must for course assessment?NOT necessarily!Take Marketing Management for example,coursework 65%(group presentation 20%+individual reflection 20%+business plan 25%)+written exam 35%Introduction to British Educational SystemFamous UniversitieslThe University of Cambridge The second-oldest university in the English-speaking world.It was founded in 1209.It is ranked among the worlds top 5 universities.大学校长大学校长为女王丈夫菲历普为女王丈夫菲历普亲王亲王(他同时兼任牛津他同时兼任牛津大学校长大学校长)，设一名常务副校长主持日常工作。设一名常务副校长主持日常工作。CambridgeCambridgeUniversitywasfoundedin1209bystudentsfleeingfromOxfordafteroneofthemanyepisodesofviolencebetweentheuniversityandthetownofOxford.Famous StudentsFamous StudentslJohn MiltonJohn MiltonlCharles DarwinCharles DarwinlPrince CharlesPrince Charles82 Nobel Prize winnersIntroduction to British Educational SystemFamous UniversitieslThe University of Oxford The oldest university in the English-speaking world Teaching existed at Oxford in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167.It has a history as impressive as its alumni 校友校友/毕业生毕业生.Oxford UniversityFamous StudentsFamous StudentslOscar WildeOscar WildelSamuel JohnsonSamuel JohnsonlBill ClintonBill ClintonlTony BlairTony BlairlMargaret ThatcherMargaret Thatcher29 Prime MinistersIntroduction to British Educational SystemTwo characteristics of oxford and Cambridgel College systeml Tutorial systemIntroduction to British Educational SystemThe University of London it was founded in 1836 it is a federation of collegesIntroduction to British Educational SystemOpen University U.KS largest university for part-time higher education It was founded in 1969 and began its first course in 1970.It is open to everybody.courses are taught through TV,radio,videos and a network of study centersTop 10 Universities&Colleges1 Harvard University2 Yale University3 University of Cambridge 4 University of Oxford 5 California Institute of Technology(Caltech)6 Imperial College London 7 University College London 8 University of Chicago 9 MIT10 Columbia University 1 University of Cambridge2 University of Oxford3 Imperial College4 St.Andrews 5 University College London 6 University of Warwick 7 University of Edinburgh8 University of Nottingham 9 University of York10 University of BirminghamIntheWorldInUKBritish Universities in the Worlds Top 1003 University of Cambridge 4 University of Oxford6 Imperial College London 7 University College London22 Kings College London 23 University of Edinburgh29 University of Manchester 32 University of Bristol 66 London School of Economics and Political Science69 University of Warwick 73 University of Glasgow 75 University of Birmingham 76 University of Sheffield 81 University of York 83 University of St Andrews 86 University of Nottingham 99 University of Southampton Chinese Universities in the Worlds Top 10050 Peking University 56 Tsinghua University Features of British Educational systemlLong history 历史悠久历史悠久lPerfect rules,laws&regulations法律完善法律完善lPerfect management system完美管理完美管理lEfficient,excellent 优良有效优良有效lScientific科学科学lIn good order有序有序lSufficient funds资金充足资金充足lOpen education system 公开办学公开办学lCompatibility of Interchange相容立交相容立交Introduction to British Educational SystemAdvantages of the British Educational SystemlHigh qualitylFormal language-widely used lWell-knownlShortlBest environmentlParents accompanying studentslFree medical servicelOver 6months)part-time jobs(20 hours)lIn holiday full time ltransport,convenient,lWelfare system Introduction to British Educational System Homework for Next week prepare for Unit 5 British Ways and manners features of British educational system What are the differences between the Chinas Educational System and the British one?10月末前完成作业月末前完成作业：lClass 3,4,5,lClass1,2,6Introduction to British Educational SystemIntroduction to British Educational SystemPart One Part Two British Media&HolidaysIntroduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureBefore You ReadWarm-upWhichEnglishnewspapersdoyouknow?l_lHowdotheBritishspendtheirholidays?l_Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureLearning FocuslBritish NewspaperslBBClChristmaslEaster lNew Years DayIntroduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureMass MedialWhich of the following is the worlds oldest national newspaper?(a)The Times(b)The Observer(c)The Guardian(d)The Financial TimesIntroduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureMass MedialNewspapers The TimesThe Guardian The Daily Telegraph The Observer Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureMass MedialBBC(The British Broadcasting Corporation)Foralongperiod,theonlytelevisionprogramsinBritainwereproducedbytheBBC.BSB(British Satellite Broadcasting)Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureHolidayslChristmasDaylCelebratedonDecember25lAChristianfestivallCommemoratesthebirthofJesusChristIntroduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureHolidayslChristmasDaylCelebratedonDecember25lAChristianfestivallCommemoratesthebirthofJesusChristIntroduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureHolidayslEaster DaylAreligiousholidaylCommemoratesthedeathandresurrectionofJesusChristlTheEasterweekendlThesymbolofEasterIntroduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureHolidayslNewYearsDaylCelebratedonJanuary1stlThe main celebrationl“Watch-nightservice”Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureHolidayslApril Fools DaylOnApril1stlFakemessagesl“AprilFool”Introduction to British Educational System An Introduction to British and American CultureHolidayslWhich one of the following is a religious holiday?(a)Easter(b