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200个一定要学的英文词根词缀
Part 1 100个一定要学的英文词根
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. act
词根考古学:意为to do, to drive,表示“做;使”
词汇:counteract, overact, radioactive, activate, active, actuate, transact, reactionary
词缀:counter-(反对)——counterpart
over-(过度的)——overwork
radio-(反射)——rediocativity
2. aero (aer, aeri)
词根考古学:意为air, aeration, 表示“空气;飞机的”。变形为aer, aeri
词汇:aeroview, aerosphere, aerology, aerial, aerate, aeriform, aeromechanics, aerospace
词缀:-sphere(球,球形)——hemisphere
-log(学科)——mythology
3. agri (agro, agr)
词根考古学:意为field, land, 表示“田地;农业”。变形为agro, agr
词汇:agriculture, agrarian, agronomist, agronomy, agrimotor, agrobiology, agrobiologist, agrestic
词缀:-nom(学科,某一领域的知识)——economy
-ian(···的,···的人)——civilian
-ist(专家;从事某活动的人)——antagonist
4. ann/enn
词根考古学:意为year,表示“年”,其元音弱化后变成enn
词汇:biennial, centennial, millennium, perennial, annals, anniversary, annuity, bicentennial
词缀:bi-(二)——binary
cent-(一百)——century
mill- (一千)——millipede
5. aqu(a)
词根考古学:意为water,表示“水”
词汇:aquamarine, aquatic, aquaculture, subaqueous, opaque, aquarium, aqueduct, aqueous
词缀:-marin(海洋)——submarine
-ure(表一般状态,行为)——fracture
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
6. arch
词根考古学:意为government,表示“政府,统治”。还有chief, first, old的含义,表示“主要的,第一的,老的,旧的”
词汇:anarchy, autarchy, monarch, patriarch, archangel, architect, archaeology, archaic
词缀:an-(无,没有)——anharmonic
aut-(自己,独自)——autonomy
mon-(一个)——monologue
7. aud(ed,eis)
词根考古学:意为to hear,表示“听,听说”,变形为:ed,eis
词汇:inaudible,obeisance, auditorium, audible, audience, audit, auditory, disobedience
词缀:in-(不,表否定)——incorrect
ob-(加强,集中)——obfuscate
-orium(···地方)——vomitorium
8. bar
词根考古学:表示“条,棒;障碍;禁止”
词汇:embargo, barrage, embarrass, debar, barbecue, barrack, barricade,
词缀:em-(在···之中)——embrace
-age(表状态)——marriage
9. bio
词根考古学:意为life,表示“生命”
词汇:biography, antibiotic, microbiology, symbiosis, biographer, biochemistry, biological, autobiography
词缀:-graph(写,书写)——demography
anti-(反抗的,反的)——antiwar
micro-(微小的)——microscope
10. cand
词根考古学:意为:white,glow,表示“白的;发光”
词汇:candor, candidate, incandescent, candle, candela, candid, candy
词缀:-or(表人或物品)——generator
-ate(表人或地位)——delegate
-ent(···的)——indigent
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
11. cap(t)
词根考古学:意为to take, to seize,表示“拿,取;接受;抓住”
词汇:capacious, captain, incapable, capability, captivate, captor, recapture, caption
词缀:-ous(···的)——dubious
-ain(表人)——villain
in-(不)——incorrect
12. cess (ced, ceas. ceed)
词根考古学:意为to go,表示“走,去,达到”,其变形为ced,ceas
词汇:access, concede, recede,incessant, intercede, antecedent, cession, inaccessible
词缀:ac-(表加强)——accompany
con-(和···一起)——conflict
re-(后面)——return
13. chron
词根考古学:意为time,表示“时间”
词汇:chronic, chronology, synchronous, chronicle, chronograph, synchronize, anachronism, chronometer
词缀:-ic(···的)——static
syn-(相同的)——synthetic
-ous(···的)——unanimous
14. cid(cad,cas)
词根考古学:意为to fall,表示“落下,下降;来临”。其变形为cad,cas
词汇:accident, incident, coincide, accidental, deciduous, incident, occident, elucidate
词缀:-ent(有···的性质)——solvent
co-(一起)——collect
15. claim
词根考古学:意为to cry,表示“叫喊,哭”
词汇:acclaim, disclaim, claimant, proclaim, counterclaim, declaim, exclaim, reclaim
词缀:ac-(表加强)——accumulate
dis-(不)——dishonest
-ant(···的人)——participant
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
16. clin
词根考古学:意为to bend,表示“弯曲,屈服;倾斜”
词汇:disinclined,decline, recline, inclined, inclination, declination, clinch, clinic
词缀:dis-(不)——disability
de-(向下)——deport
re-(向后)——return
17. cor(cour, cord, card)
词根考古学:意为heart,表示“心,勇气”。其变形为cour
词汇:accord, courage, discordant, core, encore, record, courageous, recorder
词缀:ac-(到,接近)—— accelerate
-age(表状态)—— marriage
dis-(不同的)—— dishonest
18. corp
词根考古学:意为body,表示“身体,整体”
词汇:incorporate, corporal, corporeal, corps, incorporeal, corpulent, corporation
词缀:-ate(做,使)—— alienate
-al(···的)—— cultural
19. cours(cur, curs)
词根考古学:意为to turn,表示“奔跑,运转”,其变形为cur, curs
词汇:concur, precursor, recourse, cursory, occurrence, recurrence, currish
词缀:con-(一起)—— concord
pre-(在···之前)—— presume
re-(向后)—— return
20. crease(cre)
词根考古学:意为grow, make,表示“增长;产生”,其变形为cre
词汇:decrease, increase, create, creative, creature, recreation, procreate, concrete
词缀:de-(除去)—— devalue
in-(里面)—— indulge
-ate(做,使)—— frustrate
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
21. cred(creed, cre)
词根考古学:意为to believe, to trust,表示“相信”,其变形为creed, cre
词汇:discredit, miscreant, recreant, credibility, credulous, creed, accredit, creditor
词缀:dis-(不)—— dismiss
mis-(不好的;错误的)—— mislead
re-(回来;又一次)—— review
22. cur(cor, cour, cours, coars)
词根考古学:意为to run, 表示“跑”,其变形为cor, cour, cours, coars
词汇:concur, precursor, recourse, occur, recurrent, curse, intercourse, coarse
词缀:con-(一起)—— confirm
pre-(之前)—— preview
re-(向后的)—— renounce
23. dem(o)
词根考古学:意为people,表示“人,人民;人口”
词汇:demography, democracy, epidemic, deem, demanding, doomsday, demagogue, demagogue, endemic
词缀:-cracy(统治或政体)—— bureaucracy
epi-(在···之间)—— episode
24. dic(t)
词根考古学:意为to say, to declare,表示“说,断言”
词汇:contradict, predict, dictate, abdicate, addict, dedicate, dictation, indicate
词缀:contra-(相反)—— contrary
pre-(在···之前)—— precaution
-ate(做出···动作)—— fascinate
25. duc, duct
词根考古学:意为to lead,表示“指引,引导”
词汇:deduct, traduce, abduct, induct, deduce, seductive, aqueduct, introductory
词缀:de-(向下的)—— deficit
tra-(偏的;过头的)—— track
ab-(向远处的)—— abroad
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
26. dur
词根考古学:意为to last,表示“继续的,持续的”
词汇:obdurate, endure, enduring, durable, endurance, duration, during, durability
词缀:ob-(加强的;集中的)—— oblige
en-(使)—— enable
dur-(继续的,持续的)—— endurance
27. eco(ecu, oce)
词根考古学:意为house,表示“房子;家”其变形为ecu, oce
词汇:ecumenical, economy, diocese, ecology, economist, economic, economics, ecological
词缀:men-(引导,带头)—— menace
nom-(法律,制度)—— nomination
di-(通过)—— diagnose
28. equ(iqu)
词根考古学:意为equal, same,表示“相等的,相同的”其变形为iqu
词汇:adequate, equivocate, equalize, iniquity, equable, equidistant, equator, equilateral
词缀:ad-(加)—— adjust
voc-(声音)—— vocal
-ize(使)—— recognize
29. fac(fect, fic, fact)
词根考古学:意为to make, to do,表示“做”,其变形为fect, fic, fact
词汇:affectation, defect, beneficent, efficacious, munificent, officiate, malefactor, proficient
词缀:af-(使···)—— afford
de-(使远离,去掉)—— delay
bene-(好)—— benefit
30. fer
词根考古学:意为to carry, to bear,表示“可搬运的;承受”
词汇:suffer, offer, different, fertile, interfere, preferential, refer, vociferous
词缀:suf-(下面的)——sufficient
of-(朝向,到)——offend
dif-(远的)——difficult
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
31. fid
词根考古学:意为to believe,表示“相信”
词汇:perfidy, confide, confidant, diffident, infidel, fidget, fiddler
词缀:per-(假,坏)——pervert
con-(全部)——compact
-ant(···的人)——participant
32. fin
词根考古学:意为end, limit,表示“末端,尾部;限制”
词汇:affinity, definitive, infinite, confine, define, refine, final, finance
词缀:af-(在近处)——affable
de-(表加强)——decrease
in-(没有)——infinitude
33. flect, flex
词根考古学:意为to bend,表示“弯曲;倾斜”
词汇:inflexible, inflect, deflect, reflection, circumflex, flexible
词缀:in-(不)——incredible
-ible(····的)——invincible
de-(离开)——detract
34. flu
词根考古学:意为to flow表示“流动,流出”
词汇:affluence, fluctuate, confluence, fluent, flush, fluvial, flux, flub
词缀:af-(表加强)—— afraid
con-(一起的)—— confuse
-ate(做出···的动作)—— dictate
35. fract, frag(fra, fring)
词根考古学:意为to break,表示“休息;中断;打破”其变形为fra, fring
词汇:suffrage, infraction, refract, fractious, fragile, refrain, infringe, refractory
词缀:suf-(下面的)——suffocate
in-(反对的)—— inhuman
re-(回来)—— respond
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
36. gen(er) (gn)
词根考古学:意为birth, creation, kind,表示“出生;创造力;种类”,其变形为gn
词汇:malignant, homogeneous, primogeniture, congenial, disingenuous, engender, generally, generous
词缀:mal-(坏的)—— malady
homo-(相同的)—— homogenize
primi- (第一的)—— prime
37. graph, gram(scrib/script)
词根考古学:意为to write,表示“写”,同义词根有scrib/script
词汇:autograph, biography, telegram, graphic, bibliography, geography, grammar, grapheme
词缀:auto-(自己的)—— autocrat
bio-(生活)—— biology
tele-(电的;远的)—— telescope
38. gress(grad, gred)
词根考古学:意为to go,表示“去,达到;运转”,其变形为grad, gred
词汇:digress, transgress, retrograde, degrade, centigrade, graduate, aggressive
词缀:di-(分开)—— divorce
trans-(超过,越过)—— transcend
retro-(后退)—— retrospect
39. hydr
词根考古学:意为water,表示“水”
词汇:anhydrous, hydrate, carbohydrate, hydrant, dehydrate, hydrating, hydrated, hydrogen
词缀:an-(没有)—— anonymous
-ous(···的)—— populous
-ate(使,做)—— agitate
40. it
词根考古学:意为to go,表示“走,去”
词汇:exit,transition, seditious, initiative, reiterate, ambitious, itinerant, transit
词缀:ex-(出去)—— expiration
-ion(表动作或状态)—— revolution
-ous(···的)—— advantageous
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
41. ject
词根考古学:意为throw, cast, 表示“投掷,扔”
词汇:adjective, conjecture, deject, rejection, subjection, objection, inject, ejection
词缀:ad-(表加强)—— additive
con-(一起)—— condense
de-(向下)—— demote
42. join(junct, jug)
词根考古学:意为to join, to bind,表示“加入;结合,链接;约束;捆绑”,其变形为junct, jug
词汇:conjuncture, enjoin, adjoin, disjointed, adjoining, rejoin, subjoin, joint
词缀:con-(一起)—— confluence
en-(使···)—— enlargement
ad-(一再)—— adhere
43. jud
词根考古学:意为to judge, 表示“判断”
词汇:judgment, prejudice, judicious, adjudge, prejudge, judicial, adjudicate, judiciary
词缀:-ment(表行为或结果)—— harassment
-ice(表行为或状态)—— malice
-ous(···的)—— rigorous
44. jun, juven
词根考古学:意为young表示“年轻的”
词汇:juvenile, juvenilia, juvenescence, rejuvenate, juvenescent, juvenility, rejuvenation, rejuvenescent
词缀:-ile(易于···的)—— mobile
-ia(表总称;状态)—— Utopia
-ence(表状态;结果;程度)—— opulence
45. lect
词根考古学:意为to gather, to choose,表示“收集;选择”
词汇:eclecticism, collect, neglect, selectivity, intellect, negligence, selection, recollect
词缀:ec-(出来)—— eclectic
-ism(主义;行为)—— socialism
col-(一起)—— collaborate
46. 47. 48. 49. 50.
46. lev
词根考古学:意为to raise, to lighten,表示“举起,提起;使变轻”
词汇:lever, alleviate, relevant, elevate, leverage, levity, levy, levitate
词缀:-er(物品;机器)—— boiler
-ate(使,做) —— attenuate
-ant(···的)—— discordant
47. loc(o)
词根考古学:意为to put, place,表示“放置;地方”
词汇:allocate, location, collocate, localism, locality, localize, dislocate, locus
词缀:-ate(使,做)—— populate
-ation(表动作或状态)—— clarification
col-(一起)—— collection
48. log(u), locu
词根考古学:意为speech,表示“言语,话语”
词汇:analogy, prologue, monologue, eulogy, epilogue, dialogue, apologize, apologue
词缀:ana-(在旁边;分开)—— 分析
pro-(在前面)—— progress
mono-(单一,一个)—— monotonous
49. luc(lust, lumin)
词根考古学:意为light,表示“光,光亮”,其变形为lust
词汇:lusty, noctilucent, lustrous, lucent, lucid, elucidate, translucent, illustrate
词缀:-y(一般位于形容词或以-r结尾的单词后,表名词)—— jealousy
-ent(···的)—— transient
-ous(···的)—— prosperous
50. magn
词根考古学:意为great, 表示“大的”
词汇:magnanimous, magnitude, magnate, magnetism, magnet, magnetic, magnify, magnificent
词缀:-ous(···的)—— delicious
-tude(表状态)—— multitude
-ate(···的人)—— graduate
51. 52. 53. 54. 55.
51. main, man
词根考古学:意为to flow, to stay,表示“流动;保持”
词汇:permanence, maintain, remain, inmanent, remainder, manor, remnant, emanate
词缀:per-(时钟)—— persistence
-ence(表状态)—— insistence
re-(又)—— reappear
52. mand
词根考古学:意为to order, to entrust,表示“命令;信托,委托”
词汇:mandatory, command, countermand, remand, mandate, demand, recommend, mandarin
词缀:-ory(与···相关的)—— cursory
com-(共同)—— comrade
counter-(反对,相对)—— counterpart
53. meter
词根考古学:意为measure,表示“测量”,其变形为metr
词汇:parameter, perimeter, diameter, decameter, decimeter, kilometer, centimeter, asymmetry
词缀:para-(在旁边)—— paradigm
peri-(周围;靠近)—— periphery
dia-(穿过;二者之间)—— dialogue
54. migr
词根考古学:意为to move,表示“移动”
词汇:migrate, emigrate, emigrant, migratory, migrant, immigrate, transmigrate, migraine
词缀:-ate(做,造成)—— differentiate
e-(出去)—— emit
-ant(···的,···的人)—— resistant
55. mini
词根考古学:意为small,表示“小的,幼小的”
词汇:minimal, minimize, minority, minify, miniature, minimum, minion, diminish
词缀:-al(···的)—— parental
-ize(使···)—— publicize
-ity(表性质)—— absurdity
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
56. mir
词根考古学:意为to wonder,表示“惊奇,怀疑”
词汇:miracle, mirage, mirth, mirror, admire, admiration, mirthless, miry
词缀:-cle(小东西)—— particle
-age(表状态)—— lineage
-th(抽象名词后缀)—— warmth
57. miss
词根考古学:意为to send, 表示“发送,运出”
词汇:remiss, submissive, mission, missionary, commission, dismiss, emissive, omission
词缀:re-(后面)—— retreat
sub-(向下)—— substance
-ive(···的)—— affirmative
58. mob, mot, mov
词根考古学:意为to move,表示“移动”
词汇:mobile, automobile, promote, mobility, mobilize, demobilize, mobbish, immobile
词缀:-ile(易于···的)—— docile
pro-(向前)—— profess
59. noct, nox
词根考古学:意为night,表示“夜晚”
词汇:equinoctial, nocturnal, noctilucent, noctambulate, pernoctation, noxious, noturne, equinox
词缀:-ial(···的)—— confidential
-al(···的)—— pastoral
-ent(表性质)—— fervent
60. nomin
词根考古学:意为name,表示“名字”
词汇:nominate, nominee, nominative, denominate, cognominal, denomination, ignominious, ignominy
词缀:-ate(使,做)—— populate
-ee(被动的人)—— absentee
-ive(···的)—— permissive
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
61. par
词根考古学:意为equal,表示“平等的,相等的”
词汇:pa rity, disparage, compare, imparity, disparity, comparison, nonpareil, parenthesis
词缀:-ity(···的行为)—— amenity
dis-(不)—— disapproval
com-(一起)—— comparison
62. pass, path
词根考古学:意为to feel, to suffer, 表示“感觉;遭受(痛苦)”
词汇:impassive, compassion, antipathy, passion, apathetic, sympathy, pathology, psychopath
词缀:-ive(···的)—— permissive
-ion(表状态)—— permission
-y(···的行为)—— longevity
63. ped
词根考古学:意为foot,表示“脚”
词汇:pedestrian, quadruped, expedite, impede, impediment, centipede, biped, peddle
词缀:-ian(···的人)—— vegetarian
quadru-(四)—— quadruple
ex-(出去)—— explore
64. pel, puls
词根考古学:意为to drive, 表示“驱逐,驱赶”
词汇:dispel, impel, repellent, propel, expel,compel, impulse, repulse
词缀:dis-(离开)—— disseminate
im-(里面)—— import
-ent(···的)—— indigent
65. philo, phil
词根考古学:意为loving,found of,表示“爱,喜爱”
词汇:philanthropy, zoophile, philosophy, philology, philia, philogynist, bibliophilist, zoophilous
词缀:-y(表状态)—— jealousy
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
66. phon(e)
词根考古学:意为sound,表示“声音”
词汇:symphony, telephone, microphone, phonetics, phonograph, euphony, cacophony, gramophone
词缀:sym-(相同)—— sympathy
tele-(电的)—— telescope
micro-(微小的)—— microscope
67. photo
词根考古学:意为light,表示“光的,光电的”
词汇:photograph, photosynthesis, photon, photography, phototropism, photographer, photographic
词缀:syn-(一起)—— synthesis
-on(···的物)—— electron
68. pon, pos
词根考古学:意为to put, to place,表示“放置”
词汇:depose, repose, purpose, compose, dispose, juxtapose, transpose, proposal
词缀:de-(去掉)—— deforestation
re-(后面)—— retract
pur-(提前)—— purport
69. port
词根考古学:意为to carry, 表示“搬运,携带”
词汇:export, support, transport, portable, comport, disport, importance, deport
词缀:ex-(出去)—— exclude
sup-(sub-)(在下面)—— suppress
trans-(穿过)—— transgress
70. press
词根考古学:意为to press,表示“压”
词汇:compress, suppress, repress, compression, depression, expression, oppression, suppression
词缀:com-(一起)—— compose
sup-(向下)—— support
re-(向后)—— retreat
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.
71. psych
词根考古学:意为soul,表示“精神,灵魂”
词汇:psychology, psychotic, psychopathic, metapsychology, psychopath, psychiatrist, psychosomatic
词缀:-log(学科)—— biology
-ic(表人或学科)—— critic
72. quest(quist, quisit, quir, quer)
词根考古学:意为to ask, to seek,表示“要求;寻求”,其变形为quist, quisit, quir, quer
词汇:acquisitive, requisite, inquiry, question, disquisition, inquisition, prerequisite, conquest
词缀:ac-(一再)—— accumulate
-ive(···的)—— impassive
in-(里面)—— inwardness
73. rect
词根考古学:意为straight, right,表示“直的;正确的”
词汇:rectify, rectitude, erect, rectangle, correctitude, correct, erection, direct
词缀:-ify(使)—— certify
-itude(表状态)—— soli
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