初一英语介词用法与练习.doc

初一英语介词用法与练习for有很多种用法：1. 表示“当作、作为”。如:I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。Thank you for your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信。Thank you for teaching us so well. 感谢你如此尽心地教我们。3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给”、“对 (而言)”。如:Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如:I usually do the running for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。We will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如:Lets go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于的”。如:Its time for school. 到上学的时间了。Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如:Are you for this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?8. 用于一些固定搭配中。如:Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher. 比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。OF1. .的,属于One of the legs of the table is broken.桌子的一条腿坏了。Mr. Brown is a friend of mine.布朗先生是我的朋友。2. 用.做成的;由.制成The house is of stone.这房子是石建的。3. 含有.的;装有.的4. .之中的;.的成员Of all the students in this class, Tom is the best.在这个班级中,汤姆是最优秀的。5. (表示同位)He came to New York at the age of ten.他在十岁时来到纽约。6. (表示宾格关系)He gave a lecture on the use of solar energy.他就太阳能的利用作了一场讲演。7. (表示主格关系)We waited for the arrival of the next bus.我们等待下一班汽车的到来。I have the complete works of Shakespeare.我有莎士比亚全集。8. 来自.的;出自He was a graduate of the University of Hawaii.他是夏威夷大学的毕业生。9. 因为Her son died of hepatitis.她儿子因患肝炎而死。10. 在.方面My aunt is hard of hearing.我姑妈耳朵有点聋。11. 【美】(时间)在.之前12. (表示具有某种性质)It is a matter of importance.这是一件重要的事。ofprep.表示所属关系(属于).的man of that time那个时代的人表示关于(关于).的a long story of adventure一个很长的冒险故事表示同位关系the city of Rome罗马市the name of James詹姆士这个名字表示性质、内容 、状况等a look of pity令人哀怜的神色a man of ability能干的人表示数量、种类a kind of oil一种油three pieces of meat三块肉表示部分或全部five of us我们中五个人the five of us我们五个表示.中最突出的the heroofheroes最杰出的英雄in ones heart of hearts在内心深处表示在.方面be difficult of access难以进去(或接近)be quick of eye眼快表示起源、根源、原因be ashamed of因.而羞愧be sick of厌恶die of死于.表示由.组成、做成a table of wood木头桌子表示动作的对象the love of ones country爱祖国、故乡the telling of lies说谎表示动作的主体the arrival of the delegation代表团的到来It is clever of you to do so.你那样做真聪明。表示除去、剥削等cure sb. of a disease医好某人的病defraud sb. of a thing骗去某人的东西表示方位、时间等的范围north of Boston波士顿以北of late years近年来three minutes of ten美差三分钟到十点现代英汉词典ofprep.的；属于的the wall of the garden花园的围墙He is of a clinging sort.他是那种老要依靠人家的人。由制成的；由组成 的a dress of cotton棉布衣服包含的；容纳的a bag of potatoes一袋土豆a kilo of butter一公斤黄油在其中；之中的一部分several of my friends我的几个朋友one of them他们中间的一个所着的；所做的the shooting of the hunters猎人的狩猎the plays of Shakespeare莎士比亚的戏剧那是；的a friend of mine我的一位朋友（表示动宾关系）做the shooting of animals对动物的射击与有关联的the results of the experiment实验的结果就是这个the city of New York纽约市以为题的；有关的stories of adventure冒险故事具有性质的a woman of great charm妩媚的女人与的关系east of Suez苏伊士以东（和某些短语搭配）由于，因为a lover of good music爱好音乐的人He died of fever.他死于高烧。简明英汉词典ofprep.的, 由.制成的, 离, 关于, 对于of+名词/动名词/名词短语ofKK: DJ: prep.1. .的,属于One of the legs of the table is broken.桌子的一条腿坏了。Mr. Brown is a friend of mine.布朗先生是我的朋友。2. 用.做成的;由.制成The house is of stone.这房子是石建的。3. 含有.的;装有.的4. .之中的;.的成员Of all the students in this class, Tom is the best.在这个班级中,汤姆是最优秀的。5. (表示同位)He came to New York at the age of ten.他在十岁时来到纽约。6. (表示宾格关系)He gave a lecture on the use of solar energy.他就太阳能的利用作了一场讲演。7. (表示主格关系)We waited for the arrival of the next bus.我们等待下一班汽车的到来。I have the complete works of Shakespeare.我有莎士比亚全集。8. 来自.的;出自He was a graduate of the University of Hawaii.他是夏威夷大学的毕业生。9. 因为Her son died of hepatitis.她儿子因患肝炎而死。10. 在.方面My aunt is hard of hearing.我姑妈耳朵有点聋。11. 【美】(时间)在.之前12. (表示具有某种性质)It is a matter of importance.这是一件重要的事。英语中:at主要表示：(1)在某具体时刻之前，如atsevenoclock，at7：30。(2)在固定短语中，如：atnoon，atnight，atthattime，attheageofattheweekend，atChristmas。表示地点的at的用法区别(1)at通常指小地方，in一般指大地方。(2)at所指范围不太明确，in指“在里”。at1.动词+ at。at表示“指向某一目标，到达某地”：arrive at抵达,call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向开火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤，knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对高兴，smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝射击, stare at怒目而视,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖，wonder at吃惊，work at工作。例如：dont let me catch you again at it.不要再让我当场逮住你。withtalk with a friend与朋友谈话learn farming with an old peasant跟老农学习种田fight quarrel, argue with sb.跟某人打架争吵, 辩论说明表示动作的词, 表示伴随随着, 和.同时change with the temperature随着温度而变化increase with years逐年增加be up with the dawn黎明即起W-these words he left the room.他说完这些话便离开了房间。表示使用的工具, 手段用defend the motherland with ones life用生命保卫祖国dig with a pick用镐挖掘cut meat with a knife用刀割肉说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质具有; 带有; 加上; 包括.在内tea with sugar加糖的茶水a country with a long history历史悠久的国家表示一致在.一边, 与.一致; 拥护, 有利于vote with sb.投票赞成某人sympathize with sb.同情某人be with sb.赞成某人, 在某人一边表示随身携带在.身边Have you some money with you ?你(身上)带钱了吗?Take an umbrella with you.随身带把伞去。表示行为方式以., 带着Handle with care!小心轻放!with accuracy精确地with smile面带微笑地serve the people with ones whole heart全心全意地为人民服务后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系walk with a stick in ones hand手拿拐棍走路sleep with the window open开着窗睡觉表示原因, 条件, 结果, 让步等关系由于, 因为; 当(有).情况下; 如果有; 虽然, 尽管jump with joy高兴得跳起来shake with cold冷得发抖She was dying with hunger.她饿得要死了。W-all his money, he is unhappy.尽管他有那么多钱, 他也并不愉快。对于, 关于, 就.来说They are friendly with us.他们对我们很友好。We are pleased with the house.我们对这所房屋很满意。It is day with us while it is night with them.对于我们此时是白天, 而对于他们则是夜晚。与副词连用, 构成祈使句On with your shoes!穿上鞋!Off with your clothes!把衣服脱下来!Down with terrorism!打倒恐怖主义!收起更多词典展开更多词典现代英汉词典withprep.和一起Misery acquaints men with strange bedfellows.(谚)落难时不择伙伴。to live with ones parents和父母同住staying with a friend和朋友在一起with her dog带着她的狗带有的心情、态度等He agreed that he was wrong with a good grace.他很大方地承认自己错了。Bob behaved towards Kate with too great familiarity.鲍勃对凯特过分亲昵。The minister received the bad news with surprising equanimity.部长听到这个坏消息时,镇定得令人吃惊。His fellow workers listened to his adventure story with / in disbelief.他的同事们满怀疑团地听他讲冒险的经过。She worked with great dedication to find a cure for the disease.她以巨大的忘我精神工作,希望找到这种疾病的疗法。All the staff waited for the committees decision with a great deal of apprehension.员工们忧心忡忡地等待着委员会的决定。Glass, handle with care!玻璃小心轻放!I cant say with certainty what project they are engaged in.我无法肯定他们在进行什么项目。You must do the work with more care.你工作要再细心些。有I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited.我坐在一把有网眼的新式椅子上等候着。The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.带钱的那个贼吓得把包扔了。People with creativity are seldom found nowdays.现时很少能找到有创造性的人。The popular singer star doesnt sing with much expression_r.这个流行歌曲歌星演唱时没什么表情。Although Johns grandfather was almost eighty years old, he still moved with alacrity.约翰的祖父虽然年近八十,但动作仍很敏捷。a coat with four pockets有四个口袋的外衣The bunch of keys came down with a clash.这串钥匙当的一声掉在地上。The diamond shone with every hue under the sun.金刚石在阳光下放出五颜六色的光芒。a book with a blue cover蓝色封面的书用I pity the orphans with all my heart.我完全同情这些孤儿。to eat with a spoon用勺子吃饭writing with pen用笔写字He opened the door with his key.他用钥匙开了门。Simon filled the bucket with water.西蒙把桶里装满了水。顺着，沿着（某个方向）to sail with the wind顺风航行（表示对抗）跟，和fight with sb.与某人打架to compete with foreign businesses与外商竞争有关；对于at peace with与和睦相处Be patient with children.对孩子要耐心。因为；由于excite with因兴奋They smiled with pleasure.他们高兴地微笑着。With the state of national economy so serious I see no reason for the governments complacency.国民经济如此严竣,我认为政府毫无理由沾沾自喜。赞成；支持to vote with sb.投某人的票Are you with me or against me in this matter?对于这件事，你是赞成还是反对我？分离I parted with her after many years.多年后我和她分手了。（与副词连用，表示祈使）away with把带走in with把带进来out with把带出去简明英汉词典withprep.有, 以, 用, 同.,由于, 和.一致, 赞成, 关于, 就柯林斯英语大词典查词历史暂无withw,wprepusing; by means ofhe killed her with an axeaccompanying; in the company ofthe lady you were withpossessing; havinga man with a red moustacheconcerning or regardingbe patient with herin spite ofwith all his talents, he was still humbleused to indicate a time or distance by which something is away from something elsewith three miles to go, he collapsedin a manner characterized bywriting with abandoncaused or prompted byshaking with rageoften used with a verb indicating a reciprocal action or relation between the subject and the prepositions objectchatting with the troops习惯用语not with you not able to grasp or follow what you are sayingwith it fashionable; in prehending what is happening or being saidwith that after that; having said or done that柯林斯词典说明收起更多词典展开更多词典反义词： without介词小测1. Choice （每题2分，共50分）( ) 1 Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2 -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis.A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4The train is starting_five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D. still( ) 5 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on( ) 6 We returned to our hometown_.A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week( ) 7 Children wake up very early_the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at( ) 8 Why did you get up so early _ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in( ) 9 Mrs. Brown came to China _ 1996. A. on B. of C. to, D. in( ) 10 Ann moved_Hangzhou_September, 1992. A. /; in B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in( ) 11 He often goes _ school _ six thirty _ the morning.A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to( ) 12 He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. fA. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on( ) 13 The doctor worked_ five hours_ a rest.A. for; with B. on; without C. about; having D. for; without( ) 14 We will finish the picture a day. A. in B. on C. after D. on( ) 15 The teacher is coming back_ an hour. A. after B. for C. in D. before( ) 16 Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days. A. after B. in C. on D. before( ) 17 The plane is flying _.A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. in sky( ) 18 Tom sits_the classroom while John sits_the room.A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of( ) 19 Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left. A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on( ) 20 Jiangsu is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on( ) 21. -Can I look up a word_ your dictionary? -I havent got_me.A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on( ) 22 1 like mooncakes _ meat _ them. A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in( ) 23 I saw him_hurry at the moment. A. in a B. in C. on D. on a( ) 24 They are getting ready_ fly_ England_their holiday.A. for; to; to B. to; to; for C. for; for; to D. to; to; to( ) 25 They are waiting _ a bus _ the bus stop. A. for; in B. on; at C. with; at D. for; at2. 选择适当的介词填空。（每题1.5分，共15分）1. Youd better not go _ the forest. Its dangerous. (to, into, in)2. Which room are you going to live _? (with, in, on)3. The building is _ fire. (in, on within) There are some people _ the top floor. (in, on, out of)4. Before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities. (in, with, between)5. Its not good to come late _ school. (to, in for)6. Whats wrong _ your bike?(of, in, with)7. Thank you very much _ coming to see me. (with, in, for)8. I couldnt finish it _ your help.(with, without, in)9. Dont laugh _ others mistakes. (in, with, at)10Is everyone here good _ dancing? (at, for, in)3. 用适当的介词完成下面短语 (每空1.5分，共45分)1、 the first day _ school 2、 _ the school playground 3、 _ classes 4、 _ Wednesday 5、 _ a farm 6、 talk me 7、 a lot _ fruit trees 8、 live _ a town 9、 _ the weekends 10、 _ the sitting room 11、 _ the 4th _ November 12、 look _ them 13、 _ the playground 14、 _ the school hall 15、 talk _ his students _ holidays 16、 _ New Year17、 _ Christmas Day 18、 have a big lunch _ my family 19、 arrive school 20、 _ September or October 21、 _ his grandpas house 22、 _ the Christmas tree23、 _ me 24、 _ Mum and Dad.25、 _ English 26、 _ Christmas27、 play _ lanterns 28、 _ Christmas Day 4通过句子意思把下列句子填写完整。(每空1.5，共40.5分)1. Could you tell me something _ UFOs? I am really interested it.2. I go to school _ eight oclock.3. Ginas father is _ forty years old.4. I can help you _math.5. The picture is _ the wall.6. The windows are _ the wall.7. Many students do homework _ pens8. My birthday is _ February, 15th.9. Childrens Day is _ June. 10. Whats this _ Japanese?11. Many books are_ the bookcase. 12. My shoes are _ the bed. 13. Tom usually plays ping-pong _ two hours 14. Please bring some books _ school. 15. He often plays computer games _ the evening. 16. They usually play basketball _Saturday morning. 17. There are many pears _ the tree. 18. This is the map _ China. 19. The bank doesnt open _ Sundays. 20. Thanks _ your letter. 21. I eat an egg _ breakfast. 22. The bank of China is _ front of