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八年级仁爱英语下册总结
Unit 5 Topic 1
1. be happy 高兴
2. How are you doing?=How are you? 你好吗?
3. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
to sp. 邀请某人去某地
4. go to the movies=go to the cinema 去看电影
5. one of +the+形容词/副词最高级+可数名词复数
...中最...之一(谓语动词用单数形式)
one of+可数名词复数/复数人称代词宾格
...中之一(谓语动词用单数形式)
some of+ 可数名词复数/复数人称代词宾格
不可数名词
(谓语动词根据of后的名词/代词决定)
Eg: Some of the students are girls.
Some of the food goes bad.
6. prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物
7. say thanks to 向...道谢
say hello/sorry/goodbye to 向...说你好/抱歉/再见
8. on one’s way (to) 某人(去)...的路上
9. a ticket to/for ...票/入场卷
the key to the door; the answer to the question;
the way to
10. Guess what!猜猜
11. What a pity!=What a shame! 真遗憾!/真可惜!
12. plan to do sth. 计划做...
13. seem+ adj. You seem happy.
看起来 n. He seems a nice man.
似乎 to do sth. They seem to know everything.
好像 It seems that+宾语从句
It seems that they know everything.
14. not at all 一点也不
15. have/catch a ... cold 得了...感冒
16. be interested in sth. 对...感兴趣
doing sth. 对做...感兴趣
17. Why not do sth. =Why don’t you do sth.为什么不做...
18. give sth. to sb=give sb. sth. 给某人某物
19. tell sth. to sb=tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事
20. right now 立即,此刻
21. feel sorry for sb. /sth. 对某人/某事感到抱歉
22. pay attention to sth. 注意某事
23. ring sb. up 给某人打电话
24. care for=take care of=look after 照顾,照看
care for sth.
愿意 doing sth.
25. because of +名/代/相当于名词的短语 因为,由于
because +状语从句 因为,由于
because of= thanks to 多亏,由于
26. lonely 孤独的,荒凉的(主观)形容词
侧重人心里,句中作表语,定语
alone 单独的,独自的(客观)形容词/副词
句中作表语,状语
He lives alone, but he never feels lonely.
27. teach sb. sth. 教某人某事
to do sth. 教某人做某事
28. cheer up 使振作起来,使高兴起来
cheer sb. on 为某人喝彩,欢呼 Cheer! 干杯!
29. at first 开始 at last/ in the end/ finally最后
30. have/let/make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
adj. 让某人... make me happy
31. fall into 落入
32. try to do sth. 尽力做...,努力做...
try doing sth. 尝试做...,试验做...
32. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事
33. what for= why 为什么
34. think of 想起,记起,考虑,认为
about 考虑
over 仔细考虑
aloud 自言自语
35. come into being 形成,诞生
36. be full of =be filled with 充满,装满
fill ... with 用...装满
37. agree with sb./sth.
同意 on/about sth.
to do sth.
38. make peace with sb. 与某人和解
39. used to do sth. 过去常常做...
be / get used to doing sth. 习惯做...
状态/ 动作 sth. 习惯...,适应...
be used by 被当作...使用
40. be popular with 受...欢迎
for 在...领域受欢迎
41. learn about 学习,了解
from 向/从...学习
to do sth. 学习做某事
42. at the end of 在...结尾
end with以...结尾 begin with /star with 以...开始
43. “...ed”形容词,表示“感到...的”句中作表语,定语
主语是人
“...ing”形容词,表示“令人...的”句中作表语,定语
主语是事物一类的名词
44. 连系动词也叫系动词,是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词。它本身有词义,不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟表语,构成系表结构来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等。
A. 表示“是”的系动词be,用来表示主语的特征、状态或性质。
B. 表示保持一中状态或态度的连系动词,如keep,stay,remain等。
C. 表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态的连系动词,如become,get,grow,turn,go等。
D. 表示“看起来”的连系动词,如look,seem,appear。
E. 表示其他感官感觉到的系动词,如feel,smell,taste,sound等。
Unit 5 Topic 2
1. be sorry to do sth. 抱歉做...
2. do badly in 在...做的不好 do well in 在...做得好
3. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
about/in sth. 对某事要求严格
4. have a talk with sb. 与某人谈话=talk with sb.
have a walk/look 散步/看一看 talk to sb.对某人说话
5. thank you for doing sth. 感谢做.../对于做...表示感谢
6. be worried about 担心...
7. take it easy 别紧张,别着急
8. be/get lost 丢失
9. send sb. to do sth. 派某人去做某事
(sb.) for sb./sth.派人去请某人/取某物
sth. to do sb. 给某人寄送某物
=sb. sth.
sb./sth. to sp. 派送某人/某物到某地
10. fail an exam 考试不及格=not pass an exam
fail to do sth. 做某事不成功,失败
11. at one’s age 在某人的年龄
at the age of 在...岁时
12. be sure that从句 确信
of+n. 对…有把握
to do sth. 一定会做…
13. tell jokes 讲笑话
14. by the way 顺便说/问一下
15. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人(做)某事
16. ask … for help 向…寻求帮助
17. have problem with sth. 做某事有困难
18. as usual 像往常一样,照例
19. as…as 像…一样 中间加形容词或副词原级
not as/so…as 不像…一样
20. what’s more 此外,而且
21. with the help of … 在…的帮助下=with one’s help
22. be afraid to do sth.害怕做…=be afraid of doing sth.
23. accept 接受,主观上愿意
receive 接受,客观上收到,不含收件人是否愿意
Eg: He received an invitation to the party, but he didn’t accept. it
24. deal with 处理,解决=do with
25. all the time 总是,一直
26. sometimes 有时,偶尔
some times 几次
sometime (将来或过去)某时
some time 一段时间
27. go mad 发疯
28. for example 作“例如”讲时,一般只以同类人或事物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。
such as 作“例如”讲,用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子,后不用逗号隔开。
like 也常用来表示列举,可以和such as互换。但such as用于举例时可以分开使用,此时不可与like互换。
29. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
30. be angry with/at sb. 对某人生气
about/at sth. 对某事生气
31. even though 即使,尽管=even if
32. not…any longer不再=no longer(句中位置不同)
指时间上不再延长,多与持续性动词连用
not…any more不再=no more(句中位置不同)
指程度上或做某事次数不再增加,多与短暂性动词连用
33. instead 副词,代替
放句首,用逗号隔开或句末,作状语
instead of 短语,代替,而不是
后接名词,代词,动词ing或介词短语
34. 原因状语从句表示主句所发生的原因或理由,通常由because,as,since等词引导。
A. because语气最强,用于回答why的提问,从句可放于句首,也可放于句尾,想强调什么,就把什么放句首。
Because they asked me to do it, I did it.
B. as和since语气较弱,用来表示非常明显的原因或者对方已经了解的原因,引导的从句一般放句首。
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
C. for表示的原因不是直接原因,而是多种情况的推测,是一种补充说明,因此for引导分句不放句首,属并列句。
He wore more clothes, for it was cold.
当原因状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,可以使用介词短语、分词短语或不定式短语代替从句。
Being worried about her daughter, she decide to go there to see what happened.=Because she was worried about her daughter, she decide to go there to see what happened.
She was foolish to give him so much money.=She was foolish because she gave him so much money.
Unit 5 Topic 3
1. get nervous 紧张 强调动作
be nervous 紧张 强调状态
2. give a speech 做演讲
3. calm down (使)平静,镇静
4. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
5. follow one’s advice 听从某人的建议
6. get well 恢复健康
7. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
8. get along / on (well) with sb. 与某人相处(融洽)
9. go to the dentist 看牙医
10. in public 在公众场合
11. in a good / bad mood 心情好 / 糟糕
12. in good spirits 情绪好
13. smile at life 笑对人生
14. be confident about sth. 对某事有信心
in/with sb. 对某人有信心
of doing sth. 对做…有信心
15. do something +adj. +for sb. 对某人做…的一些事
16. what about/how about +doing sth. 做…怎么样
17. be proud of …=take (a) pride in… 对…感到骄傲
18. give sb. a surprise=give a surprise to sb.给某人惊喜
be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
to one’s surprise 令某人惊喜/惊讶的是…
19. put on 上演, 穿上 take off 脱下
put sth. away 把…收拾好
put off 推迟
put up 举起,挂起,张贴
put out 扑灭,熄灭
put down 记下,放下
20. get ready for 强调状态,结果,准备好了
prepare for 强调过程,为…做准备
21. get together with sb. 与某人团聚
22. be crowded with 拥挤,挤满
23. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做…有困难
24. calm down 冷静,镇静
25. It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做某事是…的
It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.对做某事来说某人是…的
Eg: It is important for me to learn English.
It is very kind of you to help me.
26. remember to do sth. 记得要去做…
doing sth. 记得曾经做过…
27. too…to… 太…以至不能…
28. fall asleep 入睡
29. make a (+adj.) decision 做(…的)决定
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
on/upon sth. 决定某事
30. get back to 继续某事,回到某事上/状态,拿回
31. a sense of… …的感觉
32. in trouble 在困境中
33. at the English corner 在英语角
34. in the sky 在…天空上
35. 使役动词就是叫别人去做事情。常见的使役动词有let,make,have,get等,加宾语后,除get外,可接不带to的不定式短语作宾语补足语。
Eg: Father makes me wash the car tomorrow morning.
He let me drink it.
The boss got the girl to type the letter for him.
Unit 6 Topic 1
1. go on a visit to 去…参观 / 旅游
2. 基数词+连字符+单数名词
a three-day visit, a ten-year-old girl
3. find 找到,发现(具体东西) 强调结果
find out 查明;发现;了解 强调通过询问,研究后,含有困难,曲折的过程
look for 有目的的寻找 强调动作
4. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方法/途径
5. start out 出发
6. 表示花费时间/金钱
sth. cost sb. … 某物花费某人…
sb. pay … for sth. 某人为某物支付…
sb. spend … on sth. 某人花费…在某事上
(in) doing sth.某人花费…在做某事上
It takes sb. … to do sth. 做某事花费某人…
pay for sb. to do sth. 付钱给某人做…
pay for sth. 支付…的费用
pay back 偿还,还钱给(某人)
pay off 还清
7. raise money 筹钱
8. have a … way to do sth. 有做某事的…的方法
9. ask (sb.) for sth. 要求(某人)某事
doing sth. 要求(某人)做某事
10. be different from 和…不同
11. each every
A. each可作形容词代词,every只能作形容词
B. each 可加of 构成短语,every不能
C. each用于单数名词前时,谓语动词用单数
each用于复数主语后时,谓语动词用复数
every后的谓语动词只能用单数
Eg: Each child likes playing games.
They each want to go on a field trip.
Every boy was there and each did his best.
12. see the sunrise/sunset 看日出/日落
13. the hard / soft sleeper 硬 / 软卧
14. make a reservation 预定
15. come up with 想出(主意);找出(答案)
16. work out 算出;解决
17. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
=get/receive a letter from sb.
hear of 听说(间接)
18. look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
sth. 盼望某事
19. at the foot of… 在...脚下
20. in the open air 在户外
21. in the daytime 在白天
22. 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种。所谓非谓语动词就是不作谓语,没有人称和数的变化的动词。不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成。
Unit 6 Topic 2
1. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
2. on vacation 度假
3. you bet 当然,的确
4. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
5. make a plan to do sth. 制定做某事的计划
for sth. 为某事制定计划
6. enjoy sth. 享受/喜欢某事/某物
doing sth. 享受/喜欢做某事
oneself 某人自己玩的开心
7. 征询意见,提出建议
A. How/What about doing sth?
B. Would you like to do sth.?
C. Why don’t you/not do sth.?
D. Shall we do sth?
E. Let sb. do sth..
8. come along with sb. 跟随某人
9. in the center of... 在...的中间
10. from ... to ... 从...到...
11. in the north/south/east/west of 在...的北/南/东/西部
12. in the old days 在古时候
13. make sure of sth. 确保
that+从句 确保
14. can’t wait to do sth. 等不及做某事
15. one and a half hours 一个半小时
=one hour and a half
16. in the +方位+of 在某一范围内
on the +方位+of 相互接壤且互不管辖
to the +方位+of 互不接壤且互不管辖
17. arrive at + 小地点
到达 in + 大地点
18. make space for... 为...腾地方/空出地方
19. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越 more and more
20. in all directions 四面八方
in the direction of 朝着...方向
21. step on one’s feet/toes 踩到某人的脚/脚趾
22. push one’s way out 挤出去
23. out of sight 看不见,在视野之外
24. as soon as... 一...就...
25. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
26. be famous for/with... 因...而著名
27. can’t/couldn’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
28. have fun (in) doing… 做...有兴趣,从做...中获得乐趣
29. stand for 象征
30. Thank goodness! 谢天谢地!
31. 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;主句是过去时态,从句也要用相应的过去时态。引导时间状语从句的连接词有:when,while,as,as soon as,before,
after,since,till,until等。
A. 表示同时性,即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。其连接词有:when(当...的时候),while(当...的时候),as(当...的时候),as soon as(一...就...),once(一旦...就...)等。when后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词;while后跟延续性动词;as多用于口语,强调同一时间或一前一后。
B. 表示先后,即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后。主要的连接词有:after(在...之后),before(在...之前),when(在...之后)=after等。
C. 表示持续或瞬间性,主要连接词有:since(自从),ever since(自从),until(直到...才/为止),till(直到...才/为止)等。
since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,也可以是短暂性动词。一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,主句谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is+时间+since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时。
Eg: I have been in Beijing since you left.
自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了。
It is just a week since we arrived here.
我们到这刚一个星期。
until用于肯定句中,表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现为止。一般意为“...直到...为止”。这种用法中,主句的谓语动词必须是持续性动词,如:live,wait,last,love,like,stay,work,continue等。
He waited for his father till it was twelve o’clock.
until用于否定句中,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生,或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。此句型为not...until...意为“直到...才...”,此时,主句的谓语动词可以是非持续性动词。
He didn’t come back until he finished al the work.
Unit6 Topic3
1. a traffic accident 一次交通事故
by accident 偶然地,意外地
2. a little more confident 更自信点
修饰比较级 多于 rather,a lot,far,much
甚至,更 even,still
稍微,有点 a little,a bit
3. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
4. save energy 节约能源
5. cause air pollution 引起空气污染
6. before 表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以
前,往往用过去完成时态或将来完成时态。
ago 指从现在起到过去的某一点的时间段,常用一般
过去时态或过去进行时态。
7. spit in public 在公共场所吐痰
8. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
9. slow down 减速
10. around the world 全世界
=all over the world=throughout the world
11. at once 立刻=right away
12. be in danger 处于危险中
be in trouble 处于麻烦中
13. a sharp turn to the left一个向左的急转弯
14. on the left-hand side of the road 在道路左边
=on the left of the road
15. run into 撞到,碰到
16. rush to sb. 冲向某人
17. be good/bad for 对...有好处/坏处
18. share ... with ... 和...分享...
19. in case of... 万一...
20. first aid 急救
21. call ... for help 叫/打电话给...寻求帮助
22. in a word 总而言之,一句话
23. take...to... 把...带到某地
24. in fact 实际上,事实上
25. get a fine 受到处罚
26. warn sb to sth. 警告/提醒某人做某事
27. mark a wrong turn 拐错弯
28. cause trouble 带来麻烦
29. in one's life 一生中
30. face it head-on迎头面对
31. lead sb. to do sth. 领导某人做某事
32. go on doing sth. 继续做某事
33. ride into history 载入史册
34. look out 向外看,小心
=be careful=watch out 当心,小心
35. make a call 打电话(对象不确定)
give a call 打电话(对象确定)
get a call 接电话
36. salt-water 咸水 fresh water 淡水
37. empty into 流入,注入
38. timed stages 计时赛段
39. go though 穿过
40. final result 最后结果
41. 条件状语从句
A. 条件状语从句由if(如果,假如),unless(除非),in case(万一),so/as long as(只要),so/as far as(就...而言),suppose(假设)等词或短语引导。
If it rains tomorrow, we will have a day or two off.
如果明天下雨,我们就将放一两天假。
B. 条件状语从句同时间状语从句一样,谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
He will not be able to catch up with us unless he runs faster. 他不可能赶上我们,除非他跑得更快些。
C. “祈使句+and/or+陈述句”在意思上相当于条件状语从句。
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Hurry up, or you will be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
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