资源描述
Unit1 Helping those in need
需要帮助的
in need
无法做某事
be unable to do sth
义务性工作
voluntary work
上学
attend school
报请批准
ask permission
第一个
the very first
受...之苦，患...病
suffer from
主动提出做某事
offer to do sth.
使振奋；使鼓起勇气
raise one’s spirits
数以百计的
millions of
目的在于；为了
in order to
给某人做...的许可
give sb. Permission to do sth
帮助某人
give sb. a hand
为某人支付...
pay for sb.to do sth.
筹集善款
raise money
希望做
wish to do
用某物做某事
use sth. for doing sth
从事...的工作
work as
继续做某事
continue to do sth.
联合国
the United Nations
做某事有困难
have difficulty (in) doing sth
表达感情
express one’s feelings
情绪高涨
be in high spirits
相反的意思
the opposite meaning
身体状况良好/较差
in good / bad health
总额
total amount
年龄从...岁到...岁
aged from...to...
在住院
be in hospital
Unit2 Body language
一个衣着入时女士
a well-dressed lady
提醒某人...
remind sb that
在旅行公司里
at a travel company
使某人想起
remind sb of sth
一份兼职工作
a part-time job
提醒某人做某事
remind sb to do sth
得到做某事的机会
get a chance to do
代替
instead of =replace
高兴地向...打招呼
give sb a cheerful greeting
发生
take place =happen
给某人一个好印象
make a good impression on sb
坐起来；坐直
sit up
抬着头
hold one’s head on
某人脸上的表情
the expression on one’s face
将头转向某人
turn one’s head towards sb.
一会儿后
minutes later
感受欢迎
feel welcome
决定做某事
decide to do sth
Unit3 Traditional skills
用...去做某事
use...to do =use...for doing
把灯悬挂在灯柱上
hang a light on a post
超过
more than
在...的前半部分
at/in front of
擅长于做某事
be good at =do well in
把...带(回)来
bring..(.back) to
潜下水
dive down
把...扔进
throw...into
多达两分钟
for up to two minutes
练习做某事
practice doing sth
出发；动身
set off
坐船回家
sail back home
在傍晚时分
in the late afternoon
长地更强壮
grow stronger
准备好了...
be ready for sth
上映一场好戏
put on a play
不再
no more =not...any more
由...制成
be made of
把...套在...上
tie...to.../ tie...around...
靠近
close to
上上下下
up and down
不如;与...不一样
not as...as
天黑之后
after dark
认真工作
work hard
Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips
连环漫画
comic strip
在困境中
in trouble
照镜子
look at oneself in the mirror
使某人行陷入麻烦
get sb into trouble
张大；睁大
pop out
嘲笑
laugh at
把...放在一起
put together
总计；合计
in total
把...添加到...
add...to...
装满
be full of =be filled with
音响效果
sound effect
20世纪30年代后期
in the late 1930s
决定；选定
decide on
大量的
s number of
在地铁站
at the underground station
...的数量
the number of
考虑
think about
得奖
win awards
摄像机
video camera
为...工作
work for
一个和善的女孩
a pleasant girl
与...不同
be different from
看上去像
look like
为某人配音
do one’s voice =do the voice of
语法复习：
不定式：
1.不定式的结构：肯定 否定
2.只能跟不定式做宾语的动词：
choose,hope,offer,want,decide,learn,plan,wish,afford， agree， aim， appear， ask， believe，demand，
determine， expect， fail， happen, intend， learn， long， manage， pretend， promise， prepare， refuse.
巧记：
三个希望两答应（hope,wish,want,agree,promise); 一个要求莫拒绝（demand,refuse)
设法学会做决定（manage,learn,decide); 不要假装在选择（pretend,choose)
3.省略to 的不定式:
使役动词:
感官动词：
4. decide/know/learn/remember +疑问词+ to do
5. 动词+宾语+ to do即宾语补足语。 Teach sb to do sth ask sb to do sth
注：
有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want，like, beg(请求), invite（邀请）, warn（警告，提醒）, allow, encourage, advise 等。
6. 不定式做宾语和主语 做主语的常用句型：
It be adj. (for /of sb)to do
It is important to learn English well.
It is important for us (learn) English well. It takes/took sb. some time to do
It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day.
7.作宾语：
it做形式宾语：当不定式做宾语且后面还带有补足语时，通常用it做形式宾语，把不定式放在宾语补足后面。
I found it difficult (find) a job in the city.
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
动名词：
动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征, 在句中可以有自己的宾语和状语,可作主语、宾语、表语。
动词ing形式：
①直接加ing(going,being,seeing);
②以不发音的－e结尾的动词，须去掉e再加ing(coming writing taking);
③动词是闭音节的单音节词，重读闭音节结尾的多音节，末尾只有一个辅音时，辅音字母须双写，然后加ing(sitting beginning running stopping)
④少数几个以－ie结尾的单音节动词，须变i为y，再加ing(dying （die） tying （tie） lying（lie）)
同步训练:find→ , become→ , forget→ , lie→ .
动名词的用法：
1.动名词作主语
动名词用法之一是可在句中作主语，与不定式作主语一样也可用it作形式主语，如 ：
Learning Chinese is not an easy thing学中文不是一件容易的事。
Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
It is no use talking without doing. 光说不做没有用。
同步训练：
用正确形式填空
(fight) broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。
(paint) is his hobby. 绘画是他的爱好。
典型例题：
—What do you think made Mary so upset？ — her new bicycle.
A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing
2.动名词作宾语
①动词后加动名词doing作宾语V. + doing sth
admit承认；appreciate感激，赞赏；avoid避免；complete完成；consider认为；delay耽误；deny否认；detest讨厌；endure忍受；enjoy喜欢；escape逃脱；prevent阻止；fancy想象；finish完成； imagine想象；mind介意； miss想念；postpone推迟；practice训练；recall回忆；resent讨厌；resist抵抗；resume继续；risk冒险；suggest建议；face面对；keep继续；include包括；stand忍受；understand理想；forgive宽恕....
如 ：
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 请问你介意把收音机音量调小一点吗？
The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.松鼠刚幸运地躲过了捕捉。
同步训练
1. I can't imagine __________ that with them.
A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing
2. She looks forward every spring to __________ the flower-lined garden.
A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in
②在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit ＋名词/代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。 如 ：
We don't allow smoking here. We don't allow anybody to smoke here.
④动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：
The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned.
⑤在begin，continue，love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。
注意：
动词forget，go on ，mean ，regret， remember，stop，try，be used to，can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大。
同步训练：
1.—Let's have a rest. —Not now. I don't want to stop __________ yet.
A. study B. to study C. for studying D. studying
2. —Let me tell you something about the journalists. —Don't you remember __________ me the story yesterday？
A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told
知识拓展：
admit to；prefer...to；be used to；lead to；be busy；look forward to ，pay attention to（to 为介词）
no good；no use；It’s worth...；as well as；can’t help
It’s no use / good+doing sth
3. 动名词作表语
如：
The best exercise for your health is swimming. His only hobby was sleeping. My job is teaching English.
同步训练：Her job is (take) care of the children.
知识精练：
1. took a long time.建长城花了很长的时间.（动名词作主语）
2. (walk) and (cycle) in Guilin is also great fun.在桂林步行和骑自行车也很有乐趣.（动名词作主语）
3.The Peak in Hong Kong is a great place for (walk).香港的太平山顶是散步的好地方.（作宾语）
4.My mother enjoys (go) to the movies.我妈妈喜欢看电影.（作宾语）
5.He hasn’t finished (read)the interesting book. 他还没有读完那本有趣的书.(作宾语)
巩固训练：
1. 早睡早起对我们的身体有益Going to bed early and early is good for our health.
2.在太阳底下看书对我们的眼睛有害. in the sun is bad for our eyes.
3.工人们准时完成”鸟巢”的建造.The workers finished (build) the Bird’s nest on time.
4.大多数中国人喜欢观看2008年奥运会.Most Chinese people enjoy (watch) the 2008 Olympic games.
5.邮票是用来寄信的Stamps are used for (send) letters.
6.我永远忘不了见到他的那天。I shall never forget (meet) him that day.
7.铃响时，你们必须停止说话。You must stop (talk) when the bell rings.
8. 他指望这次得金牌。He is looking forward to (win) a gold medal this time.
9.我认为世界之窗很值得一去。I think the Window of the World is really worth (visit).
10.他习惯住在南方。He is used to (live) in the south.
11.我爸爸每天晚上忙于工作。His father is busy with (work) every night.
被动语态：
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。 如：
He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）
The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）
一 被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：主语 + be + 过去分词
时态：
1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done.
2. 带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done
3. 一般过去时： was (were) done 4. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done
5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done 6. 现在完成时： have (has) been done
例：
He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)→The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)
二 被动语态的用法：
1. 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。如 ：
This book was published in 1981. （publish出版）这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者）
2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。如 ：
The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by Luxun.这本书是鲁迅写的。
三 主动语态变被动语态的方法：
1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如 ：
All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.
歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
四 含有情态动词的被动语态：
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成。
We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days.
We must finish this work soon. →This work must be finished soon.
五 主动变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.
1.时态保持一致。
I repaired my computer. →My computer was repaired.
2.谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him. →He is often looked after by his best friend.
3. 主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变
Linda gave me a book. →I was given a book by Linda. /A book was given to me by Linda.
4.主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb.做sth.), see. watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel等变成被动语态时，后面的不定式需要加上to.
Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. →He was made to wash the dishes.
5. 有些动词不能用于被动语态，如：
take place/happen/come true/break out/belong to等。 All your dreams will come true if you try your best.
6. 感官动词不用于被动语态，如 look/sound/smell/taste等。如 ：
The flowers smell sweet.
强化练习：
1. The People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.
A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found
2. English in Canada.
A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken
3. This English song by the girls after class.
A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung
4. This kind of car in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
5. New computers all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used
6. Our room must clean.
A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep
7. -I'd like to buy that coat. -I'm sorry. .
A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold
8. A new house at the corner of the road.
A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building
9. The key on the table when I leave.
A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left
10.Doctors in every part of the world.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
综合练习题：
一 单项选择题
i选出与划线部分意思相同的一项。
1. They set off before the sun comes out A. started off B.started in C.got up D.got down
2.You must ask permission if you want to leave. A. direction B. to be allowed C. to allow D. to talk
3. A well-dressed lady entered the classroom.
A. who looks happy B. who is wearing nice clothing
C.who was a sweet smile D.who is dressing herself
4. Teacher reminded students of the important test.
A. compare students to B. warn students about
C. depend students on D.provide students with
5.He often exercises to keep fit. A. keep healthy B. keep health C. keep doing D. keep from doing
ii选出最佳答案。
6.The kids offered ____the dishes. A. do B. to do C. doing D. does
7. We are ____money for charity. A. putting B. giving C. rising D. raising
8 .In order to change attitudes ______ employing women , the government is bringing in new laws .
A about B of C towards D on
9.She ____a good impression on his mother. A gave B made C got D had
10. ____ is my favorite sport . A Play football B Plays football C Played football D Playing football
11. -Your classroom is really bright and clean. -It ____after school every day.
A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. cleans
12. Today, the forests have almost gone; we must stop people ____down to many trees.
A. to cut B. cut C. from cutting D. from cut
13 -Wish you good luck in this English exam . - ____
A That’s OK B Thank you C Congratulations D You’re welcome
14. -The wood looks very nice. What’s it made ____? -Wood, and it is made ____Shanghai.
A. from; in B. of; in C. from; by D. of; by
15. Tim used to ____sports until he hurt his legs in an accident.
A. love B. loves C. loving D. loved
16. -The T-shirt looks nice on you! How much does it ____? - I just ____ten dollars for it.
A. take, afford B. cost, paid C. cost, spent D. cost, cost
17. Mr While doesn’t have any sons or daughters, so he often feels ____.
A lonely B happy C sorry D excited.
18. I’ll never forget ____her dance for the first time last year .
A to see B see C seeing D seen
19. What did your teacher say in the morning ?-She told us ____make faces in class.
A to not B not to C do not D didn’t
20. Uncle Wang used to ____a newspaper at home after supper. But now he is used to ____out for a walk.
A. read; go B. reading; go C. reading; going D. read; going
二语法填空：
Mr Huang worked 16 a senior employee of a small factory in Shenzhen. One winter, he 17 (offer) a job as a manager in a medium company. But the problem was that it was in Guangzhou 18 not in Shenzhen. After 19 (talk) about the problem with his wife for a long time, Mr Huang decided 20 (move) to Guangzhou. Several days later, Mr and Mrs huang told that to their son, Tongwen. Tongwen was very 21 (surprise) and felt low. When the day came, Mr and Mrs Huang couldn’t find Tongwen anywhere. In fact, Tongwen went to 22 best friend, Junming. Junming had a long talk 23 Tongwen. He said everyone should value the days with parents. Besides, Tongwen was told to make new friends in Guangzhou.
Tongwen returned home 24 (final). He said 25 to his parents.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
三 完形填空：
NINE-YEAR-OLD Barack Obama was looking through a magazine. But the African-American 26 was shocked by a series of photos. The pictures were about a black man who damaged his skin with chemicals that promised to make him white.
For the first time, the boy began to doubt who he was. “I stood 27 the mirror (镜子) and wondered if something was wrong with me,” Obama said.
Obama’s 28 started in opp
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