2014新版牛津深圳上海广州沈阳版九年级英语上册Unit1-Wise-men-in-.doc

2014新版牛津深圳上海广州沈阳版九年级英语上册
Unit1 Wise men in history
1 golden /adj 金的 金色的
gold n. 金，黄金；金色；金币 adj. 金的，金制的；金色的
eg.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不都是金子

2 crown // n 王冠 皇冠
vt. 加冕；居…之顶；表彰；使圆满完成
3 Olympics /R/ n 奥运会
winter olympics 冬奥会；冬季奥林匹克运动会
special olympics 特殊奥林匹克运动会
the green olympics 绿色奥运
eg.What do you like about the Olympics? 你喜欢奥运会的什么项目呢？
4 agreement // n 同意 应允 agree v. 同意 disagree v. 不同意
agree/disagree with sb. 同意/不同意某人 agree to do sth.同意做某事
agreement with 同…达成协议
agreement on 一致意见

5 confirmation / n 证实
eg.This week you finally have confirmation. 这一周你最终确认了这点。
confirmed adj. 确认的；保兑的；坚定的；惯常的
confirmed v. 确证；使坚定（confirm的过去分词）；批准
confirm vt. 确认；确定；证实；批准；使巩固

6 pot / n 罐 eg. He brewed a pot of tea for us. 他为我们泡了一壶茶。
adj. potted 盆栽的；罐装的；密封的；喝醉的
potty 傻气的；微不足道的；着迷的；势利的
v. potted 把…装罐；装在盆中（pot的过去式和过去分词）

7 doubt v 不能确定 对……无把握
eg. I never doubted you; I was sure you would bring me the money.
我从不怀疑你的，我肯定你会给我带来这笔钱的。
n. 怀疑；疑问；疑惑
eg. Nobody has any doubt about that. 对这一点没人怀疑。
adj. doubtful 可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能确定的
no doubt adv. 无疑地；很可能地
in doubt 可怀疑的；不能肯定的
there is no doubt 毫无疑问
without doubt 无疑地；确实地
doubt about v. 怀疑

8, real / adj 真的 正宗的
We should read books of real worth. 我们应阅读真正有价值的书籍
adj. realistic 现实的；现实主义的；逼真的；实在论的
realized 实现的；已实现
adv. really 实际上，事实上；真正地，真实地；真的吗？（表语气）
n. reality 现实；实际；真实
vt. realize 实现；认识到；了解；将某物卖得
realized 实现（realize的过去式及过去分词）
real time 实时；同时
for real 真的；认真的；严肃的；确实地
9 truth / n 真相 真实
adj. true 真实的；正确的
truthful 真实的；诚实的
adv. true 真实地；准确地
truly 真实地，不假；真诚地
truthfully 诚实地；深信不疑地
n. true 真实；准确
tell the truth 说实话
in truth 真实地；实在
tell you the truth 说实话
10 seem / v 好像 似乎
adv. seemingly 看来似乎；表面上看来
seem to be 看来，好像
seem like 看起来像；看上去像…；好像… =look like
seem to do 似乎做；好像
eg. She seems better today.看上去她今天好些了。
It seems that light energy will be an important subject of scientific research in the future.
看来，在未来的年代里，光能是科学研究的重要课题。
11 solve / v 解决 处理
solved 解决了的
solvable 可以解决的；可以解的；可溶的
solver 解决者；[计] 解算机；[数] 求解程序
v. solved 解决（solve的过去式）；解答
solving 解决
Step Solve 步解码器
solve problem 解决问题
solve sth 解决某事物 ; 找出处理某事物的方法
We're trying to solve the difficult problem by ourselves.
我们正设法自己解决这个难题。
12 fill v 装满 注满
vi. 被充满，膨胀
n. 满足；填满的量；装填物
fill in 填写；填充；替代
fill with 装满，充满
fill in the blanks 填空
Could you explain how to fill this out?
请你说明一下怎样填这张表好吗？
13 bowl / n 碗 盆
rice bowl n. 饭碗；水稻种植区
toilet bowl 抽水马桶
big bowl 大碗
eg.The hungry boy gulped down the bowl of soup.
饥饿的男孩大口大口地把那碗汤喝了下去
14 displace v 取代 替代 replace with, instead of
n. displacement 取代，移位；[船] 排水量
I'm trying to displace him in his job. 我在试图取代他的工作。
15 less adj 较少 更少
adv. 较少地；较小地；更小地
adj. 较少的；较小的
prep. 减去
n. 较少；较小
less than 小于 more than 多余
no less 仍然；不相上下；依旧
no less than 不少于，多达…；正如
less and less 越来越少；越来越少的
far less 远不及
eg. You should drink less. 你应该少喝酒。
If you upend the box it will take less space. 如果你将盒子竖起来，它就可以少占些空间。

16 metal / n. 金属；合金
vt. 以金属覆盖
adj. 金属制的
eg.Do you like this metal material? 您喜欢这种金属材料吗？

17 certain adj 确定的 肯定的
adv. certainly 当然；行（用于回答）；必定
n. certainty 必然；确实；确实的事情
eg.Certain mosquitoes transmit malaria. 某些蚊子传播疟疾。
18 prison / n 监狱 牢狱
vt. 监禁，关押
in prison 坐牢 go to prison 入狱；被监禁
eg.There is a large prison in this town. 城里有一座大监狱。

19 boxing / n. 拳击；装箱；围模；做箱的材料
v. 将…装入盒中（box的ing形式）
n. box 箱，盒子；包厢；一拳
boxer 拳师，拳击手
vt. box 拳击；装…入盒中；打耳光

boxing match n. 拳赛
boxing day n. 节礼日；圣诞节后的第一个工作日
shadow boxing 太极拳；拳坛暗影；拳击练习
thai boxing 泰国拳
boxing ring 拳赛场地
eg.He wants to take on that boxing champion. 他想和那个拳击冠军较量。
The boxing champion was finally counted out. 拳王终于被判失败。
20 racing /n 摔跤
adj. racy 生动的；保持原味的；适于赛跑的；猥亵的
n. race 属，种；种族，人种；家庭，门弟
racer 比赛者；比赛用的汽车
vi. race 比速度，参加竞赛；全速行进
vt. race 使参加比赛；和…竞赛；使急走，使全速行进
eg.Only real men can participate in the racing. 只有真正的男人才能参加这项比赛。
21 wrestling / n 赛马
eg. He wrenched his back in wrestling. 他在摔跤中扭伤了背。
There is a wrestling match tonight. 今晚有摔交比赛。
22 hit / v 打，击
hit the ball 击球；顺利，成功
hit it off 合得来
hit hard 使受到沉重的打击，使…遭受严重的挫折  
hit the road 开始流浪，上路
hit on 偶然发现；忽然想到
eg.The enemy's ship was hit by our missile. 我军的导弹击中了敌舰。

23 brave adj 勇敢的 无畏的
adv. bravely 勇敢地；华丽地
n. bravery 勇敢；勇气
eg.We’ll find out soon whether he was brave or foolish.
不久我们就会得知，他到底是勇敢，还是愚蠢。

24 punctuation n 标点符号
25 correct adj 准确的 正确的 incorrect=wrong adj. 错误的 不正确的
adj. corrective 矫正的；惩治的
corrected 修正的；校正的；折算的
correctional 矫正的；修正的
correctable 可校正的
adv. correctly 正确地；得体地 incorrectly
n. correction 改正，修正
v. corrected 纠正；改正（correct的过去分词）；制止
correct operation 正确动作
correct time 正确时间
correct pronunciation 正音；正确发音
correct errors 改正错误
eg.The correct answer is apparent. 正确的答复如何，是很明显的
26 mistake / n 错误
adj. mistaken 错误的；弄错的；被误解的
mistakable 易弄错的，易误解的
adv. mistakenly 错误地；曲解地，被误解地
v. mistaken 弄错（mistake的过去分词）
make a mistake 犯错误
by mistake 错误地；由于差错
make mistake 犯错
make no mistake 别搞错
mistake for v. 把…错认为
eg.I would have made a big mistake only you advised.
要不是听了你的劝告，我可犯大错误了。
What did you learn from this mistake? 你从这个错误里学到了什么？
27 be happy with （对某人某事物）满意 be satisfied with
28 fill...with...用 ...把...装满 be filled with be full of
29 run over 溢出
30 send...to prison 把…关进监狱 in prison 坐牢 go to prison 入狱；被监禁
31 make sure 确保 设法保证
for sure adv. 确实；毫无疑问地
sure of 确信…的
as sure as 千真万确地；和…一样肯定无疑
be sure of oneself v. 自信；有自信心
make sure of 确定；确保；尽力做到
be sure to do 一定做某事；确定做

语法：A 反意疑问句规则
反意疑问句对应规则二十四条
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词（肯定或否定）+主语？如：
①She often has lunch at school, doesn't she? ②You don't like sports, do you?
使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则：
一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：
肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？
如： ①You can't do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren't they?
二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：
①He has supper at home every day, doesn't he? （不能用hasn't he?）
②They have known the matter, haven't they? （不能用don't they?）
三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：
①They will go to town soon, won't they?（不能用don't they?或 aren't they?）
②He works very hard, doesn't he?（不能用didn't he?或won't he?）
四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：
①Your father is unhappy, isn't he?（不能用is he?） ②The man is dishonest, isn't he? （不能用is he?）
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn't it?（不能用is it ?）
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：
①She never tells a lie, does she?（不用doesn't she?） ②He was seldom late, was he?（不用wasn't he?）
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren't I？表示。如：
I am a very honest man, aren't I?
七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。
如： ①I think that he has done his best, hasn't he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn't it? （不用don't we?）
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don't think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：
①I don't think that you can do it, can you? （不用do I?）②We don't believe that the news is true, is it? （不用do we?）
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They all think that English is very important, don't they? （不用isn't it?）
②He didn't think that the news was true, did he? （不用wasn't/ was it?）
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。
如： ①They said that you had finished your work, didn't they? （不用hadn't you）
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn't she? （不用wouldn't she?）
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn't it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn't he?②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven't they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。
如Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如： Let us stop to rest, will you?
十五、陈述部分为Let's……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如： Let's go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won't you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。
如： ①Do sit down, won't you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won't you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。
如： Don't make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如：
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren't there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn't here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn't +主语？形式。
①You'd better tell him about the matter, hadn't you?②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn't we?
二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn't + 主语？或usedn't +主语？形式。
①He used to live in the country, didn't he?/usedn't he? ②They used to be good friends, didn't they?/usedn't they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。
如： ①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn't he? （不用mightn't he?/ hasn't he?） ②You must have got up late this morning, didn't you?（不用mustn't you?/haven't you?）
二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。
如： ①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven't they? （不用mustn't they?） ②You must have worked there a year ago, didn't you?（不用mustn't you?/ haven't you?）
二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，
如： ①What he said is true, isn't it? （不用didn't he?） ②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? （不用won't we?）
二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如：
To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it? ②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?

初中英语反意疑问句专练
1. I am late ,__________ ? 2. I am not late , ________ I ?
3. His name is Wang Lei ,_________? 4. His class had a good time last Sunday,_______?
5. Alice isn't good at maths,__________? 6. John worked hard at Chinese ,________?
7. Let's go out for a walk ,____________? 8. Let us have a rest ,___________?
9. Peter's going to see a film ,___________? 10.She' ll go to platy basketball ,__________?
11. The Green's have been to the Great Wall ____? 12. This dictionary is dear ,__________?
13. Those books aren't yours ,____________? 15. There is no air or water on the moon ,_____?
16. There will be a film tonight ,___________? 17. We must study hard,_____________?
18. He must be at home ,___________? 19. He must have read the book,_________?
20. He must have come here,___________? 21. Open the door,__________?
22. Don't play on the road ,____________? 23. Everyone is here ,___________?
24. Everything is all right, _____________?
25. Nothing is interesting,_______________?
26. Some of the water is not clean,___________?
27. Some of the apples are bad ,___________?
28. No one knows you here ,____________?
29. Mr Green is unhappy,___________?
30. Your brother has lunch at school,_________?
31. He has read the book ,___________?
32. You'd better put on your coat,___________?
33. He'd like an apple,_____________?
34. I think he can do it by himself,__________?
35. She thinks she can do it herself,_________?
36. We don't think she can do it,__________?
37. He has to come here early,___________?
38.The part begins at 6 ,_____________?
39. Tom came here yesterday ,____________?
40. Jim has never seen it ,_____________?

语法：B 句子类型

一， 陈述句：
1， 陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用降调，句末用句号“.”。
　　Tom has a new car.
　　The flower isn’t beautiful.
2. 陈述句否定式的构成
　　(1) 如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。
He is playing the guitar.（肯定）
He is not playing the guitar.（否定）
We can get there before dark.（肯定）
We can’t get thee before dark.（否定）
　　(2) 如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t或didn’t。同时把该实义动词变为原形。
    He plays the violin well.（肯定）
    He doesn’t play the violin well.（否定）
    She won the game.（肯定）
    She didn’t win the game.（否定）
(3) 如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），除了be和have之后加not之外，句中如果有some要变为any。例如：
There is some water in the cup. →There is not any water in the cup.
He has some books. →He has not any books.
(4) 除not以外，否定词no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可构成否定句。例如：
There is something wrong with his bike. →There is nothing wrong with his bike.
I have seen the film. →I have never seen the film.
二，疑问句
1. 一般疑问句：
  （1）一般疑问句的肯定形式
    一般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be动词或have（有）开始，通常要求以yes，或no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句读时通常用升调。
    Do you know Mr. Smith?
    Can you swim?
  （2）一般疑问句的否定结构
    ① 在一般疑问句的否定结构中，把副词not放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但如果用not的简略形式-n’t，则须将-n’t与一般疑问句句首的be, have，助动词或情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中，一般都采用简略式。
Are you not a football fan?
Aren’t you a football fan?
Will she not like it?
Won’t she like it?
     ② 与汉语不同的是，英语一般疑问句否定结构的答语是否定还是肯定，全由答语的否定或肯定来决定。若答语是肯定的，则用yes加肯定结构；若答语是否定的，则用no加否定结构。
    Aren’t you a football fan? 你不是足球迷吗？
Yes, I am.
No, I am not.
    Won’t she like it?
  Yes, she will.
　 No, she won’t.
2. 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句”构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果主语是疑问代词或由疑问代词修饰时，用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答，读时用降调。例如：
Who is on duty today?
How long have you been in Beijing?
What time do you get up every morning?
What must I do now?
常用的特殊疑问句
询问内容
疑问词或句型
例    句
回   答
职业，身份
what
What is your father?
He is a doctor.
姓名或关系
who
Who is that boy?
He is Jack.
He is my brother
相貌特征
what…like?
What is she like?
What does she look like?
She is beautiful.
目的
what…for?
What did they come here for?
To attend a meeting.
原因
why
Why did they come here?
Because they have a meeting to attend.
天气
 how
 what…like?
How is the weather today?
What is the weather like today?
It’s fine.
颜色
what color…？
What dolor is her skirt?
It’s red.
服装尺寸
what size
What size does he wear?
He wars 40.
几点钟
what time
What time is it?
It’s 7:30.
星期几
what day
What day is today?
It’s Tuesday.
几号，日期
what is the date…?
What is the date today?
It’s May 2.
年龄（多大）
how old
How old is he?
He is 38.
持续多长时间（多久）
how long
How long have you been here?
For five months.
长度（多长）
how long
How long is the bridge?
It’s 500 metres.
距离（多远）
how far
How far is it from here to the zoo?
It’s 6 kilometres.
频度
（多经常）
how often
How often do you come back?
Once a week.
时间经过
（多快）
how soon
How soon will she arrive?
In an week.
数量
（多少）
how many（可数名词）
how much（不可数名词）
How many jackets do you have?
How much coffee do you want?
Three.
Two cups.
价格
h