牛津译林7BUnit12语法知识汇总-文档.doc

7BU1
要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意，听儿歌上句，接儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。 1. 基数词（Cardinal numbers）
观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀―样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 1) 基数词的构成
这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗? A. 两位数：十位数与个位数之间加连字符。如：23 twenty-three
B. 三位数：百位数与最后两位数加and（美语省略and）。
如：201 two hundred and one 642 six hundred and forty-two
C. 四位数：thousand之后加逗号，后面依照以上原则。
如：1,351 one thousand, three hundred and fifty-one
D. 表示万以上的数目，将数字由右向左每三位加一个逗号，使一个数字分成几个小节，称为thousand节，million节等，然后按节处理，如：
68,343 sixty-eight thousand, three hundred and forty-three
13, 526, 300 thirteen million, five hundred twenty-six thousand, three hundred
▲英语中没有直接的单词来表示“万”和“亿”，如：
一万 10,000 ten thousand 两万 20,000 twenty thousand
十万 100,000 one hundred thousand 三十万 300,000 three hundred thousand
一千万 10,000,000 ten million 两千万 20,000,000 twenty million
一亿 100,000,000 one hundred million
▲表示十亿，美国用one billion，英国用one thousand million
2)基数词的运用
A. 表示确切数目时，hundred，thousand和million只能用单数，不能变复数；但表示不确定的数目时，要用复数形式。
如：five hundred 五百 three thousand 三千
hundreds of 成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 数百万的
B. 表示时间：7:30 seven thirty
C. 表示年代：in the 1980s（读作nineteen eighties）在二十世纪八十年代
2019（读作two thousand and five）
D. 表示不确定的年龄：in his twenties 在他二十几岁时
3. 序数词（Ordinal numbers）
1) 序数词的构成
一二三，特殊记， （first，second，third）
加th从四起； (从四开始所有的序数词都是以th结尾的。)
八少t，九少e； (eight去t加th变成eighth，nine去e加上th变成 ninth)
逢五与十二，f替ve ； (five，twelve中ve变为f再加th，就成为fifth，twelfth)
二十到九十，y变ie； （20~90等十位整数的基数词都是以y结尾的，
变成序数词时要变y为ie,再加th。例如：twentieth，thirtieth等。）
若是几十几，前基后序要牢记。（这些词的序数词写法是：十位数保持基数词不变，个位数改成序数词，如：twenty-first, ninety-fifth.）
▲百位数的序数词：百位数用基数词＋后面十位数或个位数的序数词，如：
第二百二十 two hundred and twentieth 第二百零三 two hundred and third
▲序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成，如：
two hundred and twentieth --- 220th two hundred and third --- 203rd
▲第九 ninth 十九 nineteen 第十九 nineteenth
九十 ninety 第九十 ninetieth
第四 fourth 十四 fourteen 第十四 fourteenth
四十 forty 第四十 fortieth
2）序数词的用法
A. 表示日期，如：March 18th, 1978 或 18th March, 1978
B. 表示编号或顺序，如：the sixth lesson = Lesson Six
C. 前面一般加定冠词the，如：He is the first student to get to the school every day.
D. 前面加a/an 如：I am still hungry, I want to have a third apple.
E 有时还可以作副词用，如：I finished the homework first in my class today.
▲ 如果序数词前面有形容词性物主代词，可以不加the，如：
It was his fifth bowl of rice for lunch.
F 表示分数 1/3 one- third 2/3two- thirds
【课堂练习】
l 基础
一、在横线上填上适当的基数词，使等式成立
1. seven + nine=_______
2. _______ — fifteen=fifty
3. thirteen+ _______=twenty-five
4. ninety÷ten = _______
二、写出下列数字的基数词和序数词形式
1. 一_____________
2. 十九_____________
3. 二十_____________
4. 十二_____________
5. 三十二_____________
三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
l. Sue is the _______ (one) student to get to school every morning.
2. There are _______ (five) girls behind the tree, and the _______ (five) one is my sister.
3. Women’s Day is on the _______ (eight) of March.
4. Mary’s _______ (mother) birthday is on October 16th.
5. Thousands of _______ (visitor) come to my hometown Suqian every year.
6. Millie lives on _______ (five) floor in a tall building.
7. His sister is in Class _______ (three) in No. 4 Middle School.
8. My mother often asks me _______ (come) back early.
9. Mary has _______ (she) own bedroom in the new flat.
10. There are over 8,000,000 people _______ (live) in London.
三、单项选择
1. More than two _______years ago, people knew little about the universe(宇宙).
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousands D. thousands of
2. Today is Thursday, the _________day of this week.
A. four B. fourth C. five D. fifth
3. My teacher is always the first __________ to the classroom every morning.
A. come B. to come C. coming D. comes
4. There are over fifty students in my class. What’s the meaning of “over” here?
A. above B. the same as C. more than D. less than
5. The Changjiang River is about 6,300 kilometers .
A. long B. tall C. square D. high
6. We plant trees in our hometown in spring every year.
A. thousands of B. thousand of C. five thousand of D.five thousands
7. 999,110,206 should be read .
A.nine hundred and ninty-nine million,one hundred and ten thousand, two hundred and six
B.nine hundred and ninety-nine million, one hundred and ten thousands and two hundreds and six
C.nine hundred and ninety-nine million ,one hundred and ten thousand and two hundred and six
D.nine hundred and ninety-nine million,one hundred and ten thousand, two hundred six
KEY
一、
1. sixteen 2. sixty-five 3. twelve 4. nine
二、
1. one, first 2. nineteen, nineteenth 3. twenty, twentieth 4 twelve, twelfth
5. thirty-two, thirty-second
三、
1. first 2. five; fifth 3. eighth 4. mother’s 5. visitors 6. the fifth
7. Three 8. to come 9. her 10. living三、1-6BDBCAAA

l 提高
一、单项填空
( ) 1．Now，everyone，please turn to Page and look at picture．
A．Twelve；the fifth B．Twelfth；the fifth
C．Twelve；five D．Twelfth；five
( ) 2．一Which number is the biggest of the four? — ．
A．One third B．Two thirds C．A half D．A quarter
( ) 3．一Can you write the number eighty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six?
一Yes，it is ．
A．85，626 B．856，620 C．58，662 D．58，626
( )4．We have stayed at this school for ．
A．Two years and half B．Two and half a years
C．Two years and a half D．Two and a half year
( ) 5．In order to find better job，she planned to learn second language．
A．the；a B．the；／ C．a；the D．a；a
( ) 6．一Which class won the basketball match? 一 did．
A．Class Third B．Class Three C．Thira Class D．Three Class
( ) 7．About of the earth covered with water，but we have less fresh water．
A．three quarter；is B．three quarters；is
C．three quarter；are D．three quarters；are
( ) 8．Christmas Day is on of December．
A．twenty-five B．the twenty-five
C．twenty-fifth D．the twenty-fifth
( ) 9．—How long is the bridge ?—It’s ．
A．300-meter-long B．300-meters 1ong
C．300 meters long D．300 meter long
( )10．The number of the students in our grade about ，and
of them are girls．
A．are；six hundreds；two-thirds B．is；six hundred；two-third
C．is；six hundred；two thirds D．are；six hundreds；two third
( )11．一Ang Lee，a Chinese director，won the Best Director again in his ．
一How great he is! It is his time to win an Oscar．
A．fifty；twice B．fiftieth；second C．fifties；second D．fifties；two
( )12．The weight of the moon is only about of that of the earth．
A．one eighty C．one of eighty
C．one the eightieth D．one eightieth
( )13．一How far is the small town from London?
—It’s about kilometers．
A．two hundred and thirty five B．two hundreds and thirty five
C．two hundreds and thirty-five D．two hundred and thirty-five
( )14．Tom，a boy，can speak English quite well．He Wants to learn
language next term．
A．twelve-year-old；second B．twelve year old；the second
C．twelve-year-old；a second D．twelve years old；the second
( )15． girls took part in the Happy Girl Competition but only a few of them succeeded
A．Million of B．Many million of C．One raillion of D．Millions of
答案
一、1—5 ABACD 6—10 BBDCC 11—15 CD D C D
7BU2
simple future tense with will and shall一般将来时
1.当将来一定会发生的事或已经计划好的事用will. We will have a charity show next week.
2. be going to更侧重于计划打算或很快就要发生的事。 It is so cloudy. I think it is going to rain.
①There ___________a football match in our school next week.
A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D are going to be
②It _________my brother’s birthday tomorrow. He ________a party.
A. is going to be; has B. will be; is having C. will be; is going to have D. will have; is going to be
③How cold now! I think it ___________(rain).
3.there be句型的一般将来时“there will be ……/there is(are)going to be……”
4..shall可用语第一人称I/we, 替代will表示一般将来时，但shall更多用来表示建议。
eg.Shall we take a bus there? 我们能坐汽车去那儿吗？
5.常用的时间状语：tomorrow明天，tomorrow morning/afternoon，the day after tomorrow后天，next week/month/Sunday/year，in the future在将来，“in+一段时间”表示“多久以后”,in 2020在2020年
【课堂练习】
l 基础
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch
( ) 2. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.
A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be
( ) 3. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.
A. are having B. are going to haveC. will having D. is going to have
( ) 4. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be
( ) 5. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is C. will be D. be
( ) 6. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?
A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrow
( ) 7.There_________ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)
　　A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have　
( ) 8.I’m going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)
　　A to will go B to go to C go to D to go
二、动词填空。
1 -“I need some paper.”
　　 - “I ____(bring)some for you.”
2____(be)you free tomorrow?
3 They _________(not leave) until you come back.　
4 _____we_____(go) to the party together this afternoon?
5 They want to know when the meeting _____start.
6 I _____(go) with you if I have time.
7 Hurry up! Or we ______(be) late.
8What ____you _______(do) tomorrow afternoon?
9 Jenny ____ _____ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.
10 If she isn’t free tomorrow, she _______(not take) part in the party.
三、句型转换。
1. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years）
2. Do you study hard?（from now on）
3. She didn’t speak English at the meeting.（tomorrow）
The keys:
一、单项选择。
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5.C 6. B 7.A 8.B
二、动词填空。
1. 1 will bring 2 Are 3 won’t leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go
7 will be 8 are going to do 9 will do 10 won’t take
三、句型转换。
1. China will be a modern and strong country in twenty years.
2. Will you study hard from now on?
3. She won’t speak English at the meeting before long.
l 提高
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be
C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working
C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
( ) 3. He _____ very busy this week, he _____free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is
C. will be; will be D. is; will be
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow
A. was B. is going to have
C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 6. Mother ____ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
–________.（不，不要。）
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t.
C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper?
– I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be
C. There can be D. There are
( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A. gives B. gave C.will giving D. is going to give
( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.
A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote
( ) 13. He ________ in three days.
A. coming back B. came back
C. will come back D. is going to coming back
( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.
A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain
C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine
( ) 15. – Will his parents go to see the film tomorrow?
– No, ________（不去）.
A. they willn’t. B. they won’t.C. they aren’t. D. they don’t.
( ) 16. Who ____you_____ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?
A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go
( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time.
A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing
( ) 18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.
A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes
C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go
( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ____ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watches
C. is watching D. is going to watch
( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.
A. shall be B. will be
C. shall going to be D. will going to be
( ) 21