八年级下-Unit-4-Cartoons-and-comic-strips知识点归纳152.pdf

八年级下八年级下 UnitUnit 4 4 CartoonsCartoons andand comiccomic stripsstrips 知识点归纳知识点归纳八年级下 Unit4cartoonsandcomicstrips知识点归纳cartoonn.动画片，卡通片warningn.警告，警示role-playv.角色扮演symboln.符号bublen.泡，气泡thoughtn.心思，思想roughadj.粗略sketchn.速写，概述programn.程序recordv.录制，录音effectn.效果basicadj.基本的，基础的stagen.段，步，步骤pleasantadj.友好的，友善的，文雅的detailedadj.详细的，细致的appearv.显得，看来，似乎actorn.演员matchv.与.相配separatelyadj.单独的，分别的playv.播放scoren.得分teamn.对starn.明星，体坛高手mysteryn.神秘island岛stormn.暴风雨jacketn.夹克衫，短上衣waven.海浪，波浪，波涛comicstrip连环漫画popout（眼睛）（因激动、惊奇）长大decideon决定，选定videocamera摄像机playagainst同.比赛weatherforecast天气预报lifejacket救生衣thankgoodness谢天谢地makeit获得成功一、短语归纳：icstrip 连环漫画2.popout 张大，睁大3.decideon 决定4.videocamera 摄像机5.playagainst 同比赛6.weatherforecast 天气预报7.thankgoodness 谢天谢地8.makeit 获得成功9.thinkof 考虑，想起，记得whatdoyouthinkof.？0.haveagoodidea 有个好主意1.thinkabout 思考，考虑2.add.to.把添加到3.soundeffects 音响效果4.attheundergroundstation 在地铁站5.looklike 看上去像6.put.together 把放在一起7.thesameas 与相同8.bedifferentfrom 与不同9.apairof 一双20.atthetopof 在顶部21.lookout=takecare=becareful 当心22.pickup 捡起23.introuble 在困境中二、重点词汇：.appear+adj.Sheappearshappyatthenews.她听到这个消息时显得很开心。mybrotherappearedhappywhenheheardfromsister.当我弟弟收到我妹妹来信时，似乎很高兴。Appear+todosthyouappeartotravelquitealot.你好像走过很多地方。Sheappearedtoagreewithyou.他好象同意你的意见。Itseems/appearsthatwewontfinishthisworktoday.我们好象今天完不成这项工作。Thereappearstohavebeenanaccident.好象出了一次事故。Itseemsappears（tosb）that-clauseItseemsappearstomethattheyareright我觉得他们似乎是正确的。Itseemedappearedthatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch看来他好像很喜欢吃这种食品。2.abitof=alittle3.bereadytodosth.be/getreadyforsth.4.thesameas 和一样bedifferentfrom 和不同5.look,sound,taste,smell,feel连系动词后接形容词作表语。6.introuble 在困境中havetroublewithsb./sth.某人/某物有毛病getintotrouble 惹上麻烦havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有麻烦takethetroubletodosth.费力做某事7.succeedindoing 做成某事8.laughatsb.嘲笑某人9.tellsb.sth.告诉某人某事tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事0.beusedtodo 被用来做usedtodo 过去常常做beusedtodoing 习惯于做三、知识点讲解与拓展：.character：n.人物、角色yueFeiisagreathistoricalcharacter.2.thinkof 考虑、思考ImthinkingofgoingtoParisforvacation.拓展：thinkof：想起、记起Icantthinkofhisname.thinkof：对有某种看法，常用于“whatdoyouthinkof”句型中whatdoyouthinkofthebook？3.addto&addtoaddto把加到上Pleaseaddsomesalttothewater.addto添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）Doyouhaveanythingtoaddtothelist?4.recordv.录音Iverecordedthewholeconcert.拓展：recordn.记录settherecord 创造记录breaktherecord 打破记录holdtherecord 保持记录5.decideon 决定、选定whatmadeyoudecideonPlanA?6.basicadj.基础的，基本的拓展：basebasis 基础basic 基本的basically基本上7.Hereitis.以 here 和 there 开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。Hereyouare.给你。Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。8.forgetv.忘记forgettodo忘记要做某事（动作没发生）Iforgettoturnoffthelight.forgetdoing忘记做过某事（动作已发生）Iforgetopeningthedoor.9.looklike 看上去像Tomlookslikehisfather.拓展：提问长相：whatdo/dosesb.looklike?提问性格：whatissb.like?0.appearv.显得，看来，似乎Awomansuddenlyappearedinthedoorway.拓展：appear（tobe）+adj./n.Sheappearshappyatthenews.appeartodosth.youappeartotravelquitealot.1.alittle&abit)两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级），或动词。Imalittle/bithungry.2)用作形容词做定语时，alittle 修饰不可数名词，而abit 后面加 of 再加不可数名词。Theresalittlewater.=Theresabitofwater.2.bereadytodosth.已完成某事，准备好做某事Thecontractwillbereadytosignintwoweeks.拓展：be/getreadyforsth.为做好准备Areyoureadyforyourteast?3.aswellas 并且，还。用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。Sheiscleveraswellasbeautiful.4.howtodo疑问词+todoIdontknowhowtodoit.拓展：whattodo 做什么wheretogo 去哪里whytodo 为什么做5.Dont+动词原形.否定祈使句，意为“不要，禁止”Dontplayjokesonme,willyou?6.thesameas和一样Thetwinslookthesameaseachother.拓展：bedifferentfrom与不同LondonwasdifferentfrommostEuropeancapitals.7.look 连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，厚街形容词作表语。Alicelookshappytoday.拓展：连系动词还有：:be,look,feel,seem,appear,prove,smell,taste,sound 等8.Letsb.dosth.让某人做某事在 let 引导的祈使句中，sb 可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。Lethimgo.let 是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make，have，leave 等。Theymademerepeatthestory.9.apairof+不可数名词/可数名词的复数apairofshoes20.lookout=payattentionto 当心、注意Lookout！Thereisacarcoming！拓展：lookoutof向外看Shestoppedwritingandlookedoutofthewindow.21.pickup 捡起，拾起Shepickupaflowerontheroad.拓展：pickupsth.捡起某物，当 sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在 pick 之后，如：pickitup。当 sth.是名词时，可以放在 pickup 中间或 up 之后，如：pickthepenup=pickupthepen。22.introuble 在困境中Hesintrouble,letshelphim.拓展：与 trouble 相关的短语：getintotrouble 惹上麻烦havetrouble（in）doingsth.做某事有困难23.successn.成功Iwishyousuccesswithyourstudies.拓展：succeedv.成功。succeedindoingsth.successfuladj.成功的。Hisbusinessissuccessful.24.tellsbsth.告诉某人某事Hetoldmethereason.tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事Theteachertoldhimtocleantheclassroom.tellsb.nottodosth.告诉某人不做某事Hetoldusnottobuyclothesinthisstore.25.laughat 嘲笑Dontlaughathim,please.练习：.whatdoyou_yourhometown?Itisverybeautiful.Iloveitverymuch.A.lookatB.talkaboutc.thinkofD.thinkover2.whenIwasinthesupermarket,Iforgot_moneywithme.A.totakeB.totakingc.takingD.bringing3.couldyougivemesomeadvice?Idontknow_.whydontyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearc.howtowearD.wheretowear4.mostofmyclassmatesdontliketotalktoteirparents,butIam_them.A.differentfromB.surprisedatc.thesameasD.proudof5.wheresyourticket?Show_,please.A.meitB.itmec.metoitD.ittome6.-Tom,_readbookswhileyouarewalkinginthestreet.Itsverydangerous.-ok,thankyou.A.dontB.doesntc.wontD.cant7.He_apieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.A.pickedupB.threwawayc.lookedforD.handedin8.Itsureourfootballteamwill_thismatch.werethebest.A.winB.failc.loseD.beat9.ourteacheroftentellsus_intheriver.Itsdangerous.A.dontswimB.notswimc.nottoswimD.notswimming0.ThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformation_inashorttime.A.canbelearnedB.hasbeenlearnedc.canlearnD.haslearned五、语法被动语态（2）一.概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二.主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换wevisitedthatfactorylastsummer 主动语态主语谓语宾语状语Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer 被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三.各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+P.P.（1）DotheyspeakFrench?（2）Theydontusetheroom.IsFrenchspokenbythem?Theroomisntusedbythem.一般过去时was/were+p.p.（1）Thehunterkilledatiger.（2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.现在进行时am/is/are+being+p.p.Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge.（2）Heismendinghiscar.Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseworkers.Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.过去进行时was/were+being+p.p.Hewassellingbooks.Theywerediscussingtheplanatthattime.Bookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.Theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematthattime.现在完成时have/has+been+p.p.ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.Hehasfinishedthework.manyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.过去完成时had+been+p.p.Theyhassolvedtheproblem.wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.Theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.一般将来时shall/willbe+p.p.（1）Ishallmakeaplan.Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.Aplanwillbemadebyme.Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.过去将来时wouldbe+p.p.was/weregoingtobe+p.p.（1）Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.（2）Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.Hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.Aplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthenextweek.情态动词can/may/must/should+be+p.p.（1）weshouldhandinourhomework.（2）youmustanswerthequestioninEnglish.ourhomeworkshouldbehandedinbyus.ThequestionmustbeansweredinEnglishbyyou.四.如何正确使用被动语态.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）（被动语态）常带双宾语的词有：tell,show,lend,pass 等。2.在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个 to 还要还原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）有这种用法的常用动词有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice 等。3.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”2.比较：1.4.只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。eg：五、不能用被动语态的情况.不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，breakout，takeplace 等2.表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，looklike 等3.某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：Themeatiscooking.肉正在煮着。4.主动形式表示被动意义。)某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound 等。eg：Herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.2)动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth 等。Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。Thechildrenneedlookingafter.孩子们需要照顾。3)某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。Theconversationishardtounderstand.这个对话很难理解。Thefishisnoteasytofish.鱼不容易上钩。Thepassageisdifficulttoread.这段很难读懂。练习：.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeopleslifealotsinceit_.A.inventsB.inventedc.isinventedD.wasinvented2.Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitscD-Roms,_well.A.sellsB.sellc.issoldD.aresold3.Thesportsmeeting_nextmonth.A.willholdB.isgoingtoholdc.willbeheld4.Excuseme.ImlookingforBetheBestofyourself.Sorry.Thebookyouaskfor_out.A.issellingB.issoldc.wassellingD.willbesold5.Annie_totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.A.invitesB.isinvitedc.wasinvitedD.hasinvited6.manyhouses_intheearthquakeofApril20,XXinyaan.A.isdestroyedB.aredestroyedcwasdestroyedD.weredestroyed7.HanHansbooksarepopular.They_bymanyteenagers.A.isreadB.wasreadc.arereadD.wereread8.Teenagers_allowedtodrive.A.shouldnotbeB.shouldbenotc.notshouldbe9.Atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.morechances_tostudentstolearnfromeachother.A.offerB.areofferedc.haveofferedD.areoffering0.Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdontknowhowlongitmay_.Fortwoweeks.A.keepB.beborrowedc.borrowD.bekept1.manytrees_onthestreetseveryyears.Sotheairisveryfreshnow.A.plantB.areplantedc.plantedD.wereplanted2.DidntyouseethesignNoParking!ontheright?Sorry,Ididnt.ButnowIknowparking_here.A.wasntallowedB.isntallowedc.wontallowD.doesntallow3.Frommay6,pedestrians_10yuaniftheyrunredlights,accordingtoBeijingtrafficauthorities.A.willfineB.werefinedc.arefineD.willbefined4.whatlanguages_inthatcountry?GermanandEnglishA.arespeakingB.arespokenc.speakD.isspoken5.Ayearhasfourseasonsandit_twelvedifferentstarsigns.A.dividedintoB.isdividingintoc.dividedintoDisdividedinto6.Thechildwithoutparents_goodcareofbyhisteachersinthisspecialschool.A.istakenB.aretakenc.takeD.takes7.clark,yourroomisreallyinamess.Itneeds_Sorry,mum.Illdoitatonce.A.cleanB.cleanedc.tocleanD.tobecleaned8.“Frog”，moyanslatestnovel,please!Sorry,it_justnow.Butitwillcomeoutagainsoon.A.soldoutB.issoldoutc.hassoldoutD.wassoldout9.DoyouknowEarthDay?Sure.Itin1970totellustoprotectourplanet.A.setsupB.setupc.issetupD.wassetup20Alotoftrees_aroundhereeveryyear，andwecanenjoyfresherairnowAwereplantedBareplantedcwillplantDa能力提升。.whatdoyou_yourhometown?Itisverybeautiful.Iloveitverymuch.A.lookatB.talkaboutc.thinkofD.thinkover2.whenIwasinthesupermarket,Iforgot_moneywithme.A.totakeB.totakingc.takingD.bringing3.couldyougivemesomeadvice?Idontknow_.whydontyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearc.howtowearD.wheretowear4.mostofmyclassmatesdontliketotalktoteirparents,butIam_them.A.differentfromB.surprisedatc.thesameasD.proudof5.wheresyourticket?Show_,please.A.meitB.itmec.metoitD.ittome6.-Tom,_readbookswhileyouarewalkinginthestreet.Itsverydangerous.-ok,thankyou.A.dontB.doesntc.wontD.cant7.He_apieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.A.pickedupB.threwawayc.lookedforD.handedin8.Imsureourfootballteamwill_thismatch.werethebest.A.winB.failc.loseD.beat9.ourteacheroftentellsus_intheriver.Itsdangerous.A.dontswimB.notswimc.nottoswimD.notswimming0.ThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformation_inashorttime.A.canbelearnedB.hasbeenlearnedc.canlearnD