高中英语形容词讲解及练习题和答案(2).doc

形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。She is a good student, and she works hard.她是一个好学生,她学习努力。This bike is expensive.这辆自行车很贵。I am sorry, Im busy now.对不起,我现在很忙。Have you got everything ready for the meeting?你为这次会议做好准备吗?形容词在句中的位置:形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时, 则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定, 越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面, 音节多的形容词放在后面。英语单词中something, anything, nothing 等不定代词被形容词修饰时,形容词放在名词后面。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事要告诉你。Is there anything interesting in the film.电影里有什么有趣的内容吗?There is nothing dangerous here.这儿一点都不危险。由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。This is the book easy to read.这是一本容易读的书。用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.每一个人,男女老少,都应该参加会议。You can take any box away, big or small.这些箱子，不管大小，你都可以拿走。形容词的比较级和最高级:绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的比较级和最高级:形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化:1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级)2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级)3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级)6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级) difficult (原级)more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级)most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级)不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good better bestmany more mostMuch more mostbad worse worstLittle less leastIll worse worstfar farther(further) farthest(furthest)形容词前如加 less 和 lest 则表示较不和最不important 重要 less important 较不重要 lest important 最不重要形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is taller than we are.我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is warmer today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is less important than that one.这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is much bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is the best student in her class.她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.上海是中国最大城市之一。This is the biggest apple I have ever met.这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。几个特殊用法:most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 极,很,非常, 十分。Its most dangerous to be here.在这儿太危险。I cannot do it, its most difficult.我干不了这件事，太难了。The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.表示 越. 就越.。The more you study, the more you know.你学的越多, 就知道的越多。The more I have, the more I want.我越有就越想要有。The more, the better.越多越好。 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 , 表示 越来越. 。Its getting hotter and hotter.天气越来越热了.Its pity he is getting poorer and poorer.真可怜他越来越穷了。The computer is cheaper and cheaper.计算机越来越便宜。The more and more people focus on the meeting next year.越来越多的人关注明年的会议。主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。This box is as big as mine.这个盒子和我的一样大。This coat is as cheap as that one.这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。I study English as hard as my brother.我同我兄弟一样学习努力。用形容词表示类别和整体the + 形容词 表示某种人。He always helps the poor.他经常帮助穷人。I like to have a talk with the young.我喜欢同年轻人谈话。The rich sometimes complain their empty life.富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。The police led the old man across the street.警察领老人横过马路。以-ly结尾的形容词1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。改错：(错) She sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.多个形容词修饰名词的顺序多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别-名词a small round tablea tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirta famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports car一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表：多个形容词作定语时的排序：口诀是：限观型龄色国材用 （ 美小圆旧黄 法国木书房 ）在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为:限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语其含义分别是: 限:代表限定词,包括冠词,指示代词,形容词性物主代词,名词所有格,数词,不定代词（all, both, half, double）等. 观:代表表示观点的描绘性形容词,如:fine,beautiful,interesting等. 形:代表表示大小,长短,高低及形状的形容词,如:small,tall,high,little,round等. 龄:代表表示年龄,新旧的形容词,如:old,young等. 色:代表表示颜色的形容词,如:white,black,yellow等. 国:代表表示国籍,地区,出处的形容词(名词),如:English,American,mountain等. 材:则代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词,如:stone,wooden,silk,plastic等. 用途功能作用限定词+数量词(序数词在前，基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+those + three + beautiful + large + square新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词old + brown + wood + table形容词练习1. Jane didnt do _ in the exam, but her exam results are _ than last years.A. bad; worse B. good; better C. well; better D. well; worse2. Which animal do you like _ , cat or dog?A. very much B. best C. better D. well3. We can jump _ on the moon than on the earth.A. more high B. much C. high D. much higher4. When he heard the good news, he felt _.A. happier B. happiest C. happy D. happily5. The _ he is, the _ he feels.A. busy; happy B. busiest; hppiestC. busier; happier D. busy; happily6. I dont feel very _ today.A. good B. well C. nice D. fine7. I think English is as _ as maths.A. important B. more importantC. most important D. importanter8. That building is about 100 meters _ .A. tall B. high C. taller D. higher9. Jone Smith is _ of the two young men.A. strong B. strongerC. the stronger D. the strongest10. Our classroom is _ in the whole school.A. cleanest B. the cleanestC. cleaner D. the cleaner11. The question is _ than the last one.A very easy B. much easy C. very easier D. much easier14. The third cake is _ of all, but its too dear.A. delicious B. most deliciousC. more delicious D. the most delicious15. I draw _ and my handwriting is _.A. good; good B. good; wellC. well; good D. well; well16. It is _ today than yesterday.A cold B. colder C. more colder D. many colder17. My brother doesnt like studying. He watches TV for _ two hours every day.A. less than B. more than C. little than D. much than18. Lets buy _ apples tomorrow.A. more some B. some moreC. any more D. more any19. Please be _ next time.A. carefuler B. more carefulC. carefulest D. the most careful20. Of the four seasons, the _time to come to Hangzhou is in spring.A. good B. well C. better D. best答案：1-5 CCDCC6-10 ABBCD11-15 BCCDC16-20 BBBBD21-25 DCABB26-30 DBBBA