2019年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷.doc

2019年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1（1分）A At a special partyB At a hairdressing salonC At a night clubD At a fashion show2（1分）A FinlandB EgyptC MexicoD Zambia3（1分）A CampingB TravellingC SportingD Shopping4（1分）A She is also a fan of ArgentinaB She is also working very hardC She loves American football so muchD She works for the World Cup5（1分）A She threw something at a truckB She threw herself out of window and broke her legC She moved a truck to save a little boyD She rushed to a moving truck to save a kid6（1分）A They planned to go skiing in the rainB They just want to grab the chanceC They will probably change their mindD Theyll go skiing even in the rain7（1分）A Lisa likes the messy situationB Lisa made the messC He and Lisa are settling a problemD Lisa likes the new place8（1分）A The lady should stop being patientB He cant understand the ladys feelingC The lady should not blame othersD Nobody may be interested in her problem9（1分）A Certain gift from HawaiiB A grand wedding partyC Two plane tickets to HawaiiD A picture of the moon10（1分）A They went to see a movieB The dancers impressed them bothC The woman is also a dancerD The man invited the lady to the showSection BDirections： In Section B， you will hear several longer conversation（s） and short passage（s）， and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation（s） and the passage（s）. The conversation（s） and the passage（s） will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11（4.5分）（1）A Aircraft designB MathematicsC EngineeringD Science（2）A 40B 14C 4D 0（3）A She stuck to studying engineering at collegeB She addressed to students at high schools and collegesC She tried to persuade women not to do engineering for its hard workD She researched defense systems of satellites and rockets12（4.5分）（1）A The South Atlantic OceanB The coast of South AmericaC African continentD The coast of Angola（2）A He studies the similarities between ancient and modern animalsB He discovers the remains of ancient sea animals on the coastC He studies the cause of separation of South America and AfricaD He helps do the arrangement of the ancient animal remains in a museum（3）A Because the remains were exposed on the coastB Because these animals used to live close to each other in one placeC Because these animals were driven to one place and killedD Because these animals were all eaten by one large， fierce ancient sea animal13（6分）（1）A A saving account in a single nameB A saving account in joint namesC A checking account in a single nameD A checking account in joint names（2）A 4B 3C 2D 1（3）A The lady and her brothers or sistersB The ladys parentsC The lady and her fatherD The lady and her mother（4）A Identification paper， photograph， a letter of introduction and some moneyB Identification paper， some clarifications， a letter of introduction and some moneyC A letter of introduction， photographs， a check book and some moneyD Driving license， identification paper， photos， and a letter of introductionII. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14（10分）The Battle of Chancellorsville， one of the most famous battles of the Civil War， took place in Virginia in the spring of 1863 For months， the two armies had been staying on opposite banks of a narrow river The Confederate（南方联盟） troops were led by perhaps （1） （honored） military tactician（战略家） in American history， General Robert E Lee The Union （北方联盟）soldiers were led by Fighting Joe Hooker In appearance， personality， and lifestyle， these men were nearly perfect opposites Lee， an older man in poor health with a gray beard， had a solemn， measured character Hooker was a blond， broadshouldered young man （2） pride over his appearance was but one aspect of his selfcenteredness Whereas Lee was loyal and principled， Hooker was known for his rollicking enjoyment of both women and whiskey Despite the fact that the Confederacy （3） （win） the last four major battles and the Union soldiers were starving， （4） （exhaust）， and demoralized， Hooker proclaimed， My plans are perfect And when I start to carry them out， （5） God have mercy on Bobby Lee， for I shall have none Why was Hooker so confident？ Hooker had used spies， analysts， and even hot air balloons to compile a vast amount of intelligence about Lees army He had already been aware， for example， （6） Lee had only 61，000men to Hookers own 134，000 Supported by his superior numbers， Hooker secretly moved 70，000of his men fifteen miles up and across the river， and then ordered them to sneak back down to position themselves （7） Lees army In effect， Hooker had cut off the Confederate soldiers in front and behind They were trapped Satisfied with his advantage， Hooker became convinced that Lees only option was to retreat to Richmond， thus （8） （assure） a Union victory Yet Lee， despite his disadvantages of both numbers and position， did not retreat Instead， he moved his troops into position to attack Union soldiers who tried to warn Hooker that Lee was on the offensive （9） （dismiss） as cowards Having become convinced that Lee had no choice but （10） （retreat）， Hooker began to ignore reality When Lees army attacked the Union soldiers at 5：00 pm， they were eating supper， completely unprepared for battle They abandoned their rifles and fled as Lees troops came shrieking out of the brush， bayonets drawn Against all odds， Lee won the Battle of Chancellorsville， and Hookers forces withdrew in defeatSection BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15（10分）A inadequate B repeatedly C process D achieve E directed F reactionsG raising H eliminate I characterized J immediate K mechanismThe human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature， especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity Heat （1） usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise When the body becomes overheated and cannot （2） this overheatedness， heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible Heat exhaustion is generally （3） by sweaty skin， tiredness， sickness， dizziness， plentiful sweating， and sometimes fainting， resulting from a（n） （4） intake of water and the loss of fluids First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down， （5） the feet 8 to 12 inches， applying cool， wet cloths to the skin， and giving the victim sips of salt water （1teaspoon per glass， half a glass every 15 minutes） over a 1hour period Heat stroke is much more serious； it is a（n） （6） lifethreatening situation The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature （which may reach 106 F or more）； a rapid pulse； hot， dry skin； and a blocked sweating （7） Victims of this condition may be unconscious， and firstaid measures should be （8） at quickly cooling the body The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or （9） sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling （10） Care should be taken， however， not to overchill the victim once the temperature is below 102 FIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16（15分）For centuries， time was measured by the position of the sun with the use of sundials Noon was recognized when the sun was the highest in the sky， and cities would set their clock by this apparent （1） time， even though some cities would often be on a slightly different time Daylight Saving Time （DST）， sometimes called summer time， was （2） to make better use of daylight Thus， clocks are set forward one hour in the spring to move an hour of daylight from the morning to the evening and then set back one hour in the fall to return to （3） daylight Benjamin Franklin first conceived the idea of daylight saving during his term as an American delegate in Paris in 1784 and wrote about it （4） in his essay， An Economical Project It is said that Franklin awoke early one morning and was surprised to see the sunlight at such an hour Always the （5） ， Franklin believed the practice of moving the time could save on the use of candlelight， as candles were expensive at the time In England， builder William Willett （18571915）became a strong supporter for Daylight Saving Time upon noticing blinds（百叶窗） of many houses were （6） on an early sunny morning Willet believed everyone， including himself， would appreciate longer hours of light in the evenings In 1909， Sir Robert Pearce （7） a bill in the House of Commons to make it obligatory（义务） to （8） the clocks A bill was drafted and introduced into Parliament several times but met with great opposition， mostly from farmers （9） ， in 1925， it was decided that summer time should begin on the day following the third Saturday in April and close after the first Saturday in October The US Congress passed the Standard Time Act of 1918 to establish standard time and （10） and set Daylight Saving Time across the continent This act also devised（制定） five time （11） throughout the United States： Eastern， Central， Mountain， Pacific， and Alaska The first time zone was set on the mean astronomical time of the seventyfifth degree of longitude west from Greenwich （England） In 1919， this act was abandoned President Roosevelt established yearround Daylight Saving Time （also called War Time） from 19421945 However， after this period， each state （12） its own DST， which proved to be （13） to television and radio broadcasting and transportation In 1966， President Lyndon Johnson created the Department of Transportation and signed the Uniform Time Act As a result， the Department of Transportation was given the responsibility for the time laws During the oil embargo（禁运） and energy crisis of the 1970s， President Richard Nixon （14） DST through the Daylight Saving Time Energy Act of 1973 to conserve energy further This law was （15） in 1986， and Daylight Saving Time was reset to begin on the first Sunday in April （to spring ahead） and end on the last Sunday in October （to fall back）（1）A popularB solarC particularD singular（2）A employedB evaluatedC distributedD contributed（3）A fruitfulB fullC beautifulD normal（4）A negativelyB alternativelyC extensivelyD aggressively（5）A journalistB physicistC chemistD economist（6）A closedB openedC fixedD installed（7）A introducedB restrictedC donatedD deleted（8）A stopB adjustC windD mend（9）A PermanentlyB EventuallyC UnfortunatelyD Theoretically（10）A reserveB persevereC preserveD observe（11）A placesB districtsC zonesD territories（12）A interruptedB temptedC importedD adopted（13）A pleasingB confusingC convincingD comforting（14）A extendedB affordedC abandonedD defended（15）A assembledB combinedC abusedD modifiedSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17（8分）The lives of the Ancient Greeks revolved（运转） around Eris， a concept by which they defined the universe They believed that the world existed in a condition of opposites If there was good， then there was evil；if there was love， then there was hatred； joy， then sorrow； war， then peace； and so on The Greeks believed that good Eris occurred when one held a balanced outlook on life and coped with problems as they arose It was a kind of ease of living that came from trying to bring together the great opposing forces in nature Bad Eris was evident in the violent conditions that ruled mens lives Although these things were found in nature and sometimes could not be controlled， it was believed that bad Eris occurred when one ignored a problem， letting it grow larger until it destroyed not only that person， but his family as well The Ancient Greeks saw Eris as a goddess： Eris， the Goddess of Discord， better known as Trouble One myth that expresses this concept of bad Eris deals with the marriage of King Peleus and the river goddess Thetis Zeus， the supreme ruler， learns that Thetis would bear a child strong enough to destroy its father Not wanting to father his own ruin， Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human， a mortal（凡人） whose child could never challenge the gods He promises her， among other things， the greatest wedding in all of Heaven and Earth and allows the couple to invite whomever they please This is one of the first mixed marriages of Greek Mythology and the lesson learned from it still applies today They do invite everyoneexcept Eris， the Goddess of Discord In other words， instead of facing the problems brought on by a mixed marriage， they turn their backs on them They refused to deal directly with their problems and the result is tragic In her fury（狂怒）， Eris arrives， ruins the wedding， causes a jealous argument between the three major goddesses over a golden apple， and sets in place the conditions that lead to the Trojan War The war would take place 20 years in the future， but it would result in the death of the only child of the bride and groom， Achilles Eris w