2023年小升初英语复习重点.doc

小升初英语复习重点
详细知识点：
第一某些;基本知识
1.字母：26个字母大小写
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
2.语音：元音发音
五个元音字母：AEIOU
12个单元音：长元音：/ɑ:/，/ɔ:/，/ə:/， /i:/，/u:/
短元音：/æ/ /e/ /i/ / ɔ / /∧/ /u/ /ə/
3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词
4.句子：大小写，标点符号

语法知识
一.名词：名词单复数，名词格
（一）名词单复数
1．一般状况，直接加-s，如：book-books，bag-bags，cat-cats，bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses，box-boxes，brush-brushes，watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es，如：family-families，strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v，再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men， woman-women， policeman-policemen， policewoman-policewomen， mouse-mice
child-children， foot-feet， tooth-teeth， fish-fish， people-people， Chinese-Chinese， Japanese-Japanese
巩固练习
写出下列各词复数
　　I _________him _________this ___________her ______
　　watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
　　day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
　　tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
　　thief _______bus ______ peach______ sandwich ______
　　man______ woman_______ knife_______    juice___________
　　water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________

（二）名词格
(1) 有生命东西名词所有格：
a) 单数后加 ’s 如：Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 结尾复数名词后加 ’如：his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 结尾复数后加 ’s children’s shoes
l 并列名词中，假如.
l 把 ’s加在最终一种名词后，体现共有，如：
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有小汽车
l 要体现所有物不是共有，应分别在并列名词后加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自小汽车
(2)体现无生命东西名词通常用“ of ＋名词”来体现所有关系：如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China

二.冠词：不定冠词，定冠词种类：
（1）不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle
元音开头可数名词前用an ：
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

（2）定冠词：the the egg the plane
2. 使用方法:
定冠词使用方法：
（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk.
（2）复述上文提到人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
（3）谈话双方都懂得人或物：The boys aren’t at school.
（4）在序数词前： John’s birthday is February the second.
（5）用于固定词组中： in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词状况：
（1）专有名词前：China is a big country.
（2）名词前有定语：this ，that ，my ，your ，some，any ，no 等：
This is my baseball.
（3）复数名词体现一类人和事：Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
（4）在节日，日期，月份，季节前：Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
（5）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.
（6）球类 棋类运动前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well.
（7）学科名称前：My favorite subject is music.
（8）在称呼或头衔名词前：This is Mr Li.
（9）固定词组中：at noon at night by bus

三、代词：人称代词，物主代词

主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一
人称
单数
I（我）
me
my（我）
mine我...
复数
we（咱们）
us
our（咱们）
ours咱们...
第二
人称
单数
you（你）
you
your（你）
yours你...
复数
you（你们）
you
your（你们）
yours你们...
第三
人称
单数
he（她）
him
his（她）
his她...
she（她）
her
her（她）
hers她...
it（它）
it
its（它）
its它...
复数
they（她们/她们/它们）
them
their（她们/她们/它们）
theirs她们/她们
/它们...
.用所给词恰当形式填空 
　　1.   That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small，but _________ is very big.   ( I )
　　2.       The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )       
　　3.       Is this _________ watch?(you) No，it’s not _________ . ( I )
　　4.       _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look！Those stamps are _________. ( he )
　　5.       _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________?( you )
　　6.       Here are many pens，which one is _________ ?   ( she )
　　7.       I can find my toy，but where’s _________?( you )
　　8.      Give _________ your kite，OK?(they)
　　9.       I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10.   Are these _________ balls?No，_________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
　　11.   I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
　　12.   _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job?_________ a nurse. ( she )
　　13.   That is not _________ phone. _________is at home. ( he )
　　14.   Where are _________?I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
　　15.   _________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. ( she )
　　16.   _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )

四、形容词，副词：比较级，最高档
（一）、形容词比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中运用：两个事物或人比较用比较级，比较级背面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more，a little来修饰体现程度。than后人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er规则：
⑴ 一般在词尾加er ；
⑵ 以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶ 以一种元音字母和一种辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾辅音字母，再加er ；
⑷ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：
  good-better，beautiful-more beautiful
（二）副词比较级
1．形容词与副词区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
  ⑴在句子中形容词一般处在名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常用是处在实义动词之后
2．副词比较级变化规则基本与形容词比较级相似 (不规则变化：well-better，far-farther)
一、写出下列形容词或副词比较级
　　old__________   young________   tall_______   long________  
　　short________   strong________   big________   small_______
　　fat_________    thin__________   heavy______  　nice_________ early_________  
　　二、根据句意填入单词对旳形式：
　　1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
　　2. Is your sister __________(young) than you?Yes,she is.
　　3. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.
　　4. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers?Hers is.
　　5.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
　　6.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
　　7.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
　　8.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
　　9._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
　　10. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
三、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年龄大？　　________ is _________than Jim？  
2、-谁比David更强健？-是Gao Shan.
　　-________   _________ than David?   -Gao Shan ________.
　　3、谁铅笔更长，她还是她？我想是她。
　　_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4.我姐姐起得比我早。
　　My_____   _____ up _____than me.

五 数词：基数词，序数词一、基数词
（1）1-20
one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen， sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty
（2）21-99 先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three，34→thirty-four，45→forty—five，56→fifty-six，67→sixty-seven，78→seventy-eight，89→eighty-nine，91→ninety-one
（3）101—999先说“几百”，再加and，再加末两位数或末位数；
586→five hundred and eighty-six，803→eight hundred and three
（4）l，000以上，先从右往左数，每三位数加一种“，”，第一种“，”前为thousand.第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion  
1，001→one thousand and one
 18，423→eighteen thousand，four hundred and twenty-three
 6，260，309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
  750，000，000，000→seven hundred and fifty billion

二、序数词
（1）一般在基数词后加th
eg.four→fourth，thirteen→thirteenth
（2）不规则变化
one→first，two→second，three→third，five→fifth，eight→eighth，nine→ninth，twelve—twelfth
（3）以y结尾十位整数，变y为ie再加th
twenty→twentieth， forty→fortieth， ninety→ninetieth
 （4）从二十一后“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位基数词变为序数词。
twenty-first，two hundred and forty-fifth
基数词转为序数词口诀：
基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th.
一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d.
八去t,九去e，ve要用f替。
ty将y变成i，th前面有个e.
若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。
六、 介词：常用介词：in，on，at，behind等
1.at体现时间概念某一种点。（在某时刻、时间、阶段等）。
at 1：00（dawn，midnight，noon）在一点钟（黎明、午夜、中午） 
2．on
1）体现详细日期。
注：（1）有关"在周末"几种体现法：
at（on）the weekend在周末---特指
at（on）weekends在周末---泛指
over the weekend在整个周末
during the weekend在周末期间
 （2）在圣诞节，应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas
2）在（刚……）时候。
On reaching the city he called up his parents．
一到城里她就给父母打了一种 。
3．in
1）体现"时段"、"时期"，在多数状况下可以和during互换，前者强调对比，后者强调持续。 in（during）1988（December，the 20th century）在一九八八年（十二月、二十世纪）

七、动词：动词四种时态：
（1）一般目前时：
　一般目前时构成
　　1. be动词：主语+be(am，is，are)+其他。如：　I am a boy. 我是一种男孩。
　　2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其他)。 如： We study English. 咱们学习英语。
　　当主语为第三人称单数(he，she，it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+s变化规则
1．一般状况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks，milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses，wash-washes，watch-watches，go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es，如：study-studies
一、写出下列动词单三形式
wash_________ watch _______ study______ finish_________ go________ study_________ stop______ be________ teach______fly_____ stay_______ do______ have_______
二、.用动词恰当形式填空
1.I like ____________ (swim). 2.He _________(read) English every day.
3.We ______(go)to school at seven in the morning.
4.Mike_______(go)to school at seven in the morning.
5.My mother_______(like) ______(go) shopping.
6.I can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures.
7. he________(like)_________(jump) ?
8.The teachers (not like)__________(dance).
9.The teacher (not like)_________(dance).
10.The students___________(speak) English in class.
11.The student_________(speak) Chinese after class.
12. _______your sister (study) English at school ?
No ，she__________ . (not )
三、用所给人称改写句子
1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)
2.We plant beautiful flowers. (she)
3.They like playing basketball. (Ben)
4.I listen to music every day. (my aunt)
四、改句子
1.Do you often play football after school?(必然回答)

2.Gao Shan's sister likes playing table tennis （改为否认句）

3. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）

4. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）

5.Nancy doesn't run fast.(必然句)

6.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. (否认句：一般疑问句：划线提问)

l Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.(同11）

l Tom does his homework at home.(同11)

（2）一般过去时:
动词过去式详解 动词过去式构成规则有：
Ａ、规则动词
①    一般直接在动词背面加ed：如　worked ，learned ，cleaned ，visited
②　以e结尾动词直接加d：如　lived ，danced ，used
③    以辅音字母加y结尾动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,因此不属于此类）
④ 双写最终一种字母（此类动词较少）如　stopped
Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住如下动词原形和过去式：sing – sang ， eat – ate ，
see – saw ，have – had ，do – did ，go – went ，take – took ，buy – bought ，get – got ，read – read ,fly – flew ，am/is – was ，
are – were ，say – said ，leave – left ，swim – swam ，tell – told ，draw – drew ，come – came ， lose – lost ，find – found ，drink – drank ，hurt – hurt ，feel – felt
　一、写出下列动词过去式　
　　is\am_________have_______ plant________ are ________
　　drink_________ play_______ go________ read ________
　　does_________ dance________ worry________ sleep_____
　　buy_________ eat__________ see________ take ______
二、用动词恰当形式填空
　　1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
　　3. I ______(be) an English teacher now.
　　4. She _______(be) happy yesterday.
　　5. _______ they ________ (clean) the room last Sunday?No，they _____.
　　6. We ___________ (go) to school three days ago.
　　7. What ____ you ______ just now?I _______ some housework. (do)
　　8. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
　　9. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
　　10. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
　　11. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
三、句型转换
　　　　1. They played football in the playground.
　　   否认句：________________________________________________
　　一般疑问句：____________________________________________
　　肯、否认回答：__________________________________________
　　2. Nancy went to school early.
　　   否认句：________________________________________________
　　一般疑问句：____________________________________________
　　肯、否认回答：__________________________________________
　　3. There was a car in front of the house just now.
　　   否认句：________________________________________________
　　一般疑问句：____________________________________________
　　肯、否认回答：__________________________________________
　　肯、否认回答：__________________________________________　　
（3）一般未来时：
基本构造： ①be going to + do；
②will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
　　一、改句子。
　　1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否认）
　　Nancy ________ going to go camping.
　　2. I’ll go and join them.（改否认）
　　I _______ go ______ join them.
　　3. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
　　________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
　　4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
　　_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
　　5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线某些提问）
　　________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
　　6. My father and mother will see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
　　_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________see a play.
　　二、用所给词恰当形式填空。
　　11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
　　12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
　　13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
　　14. What do you usually do at weekends?I usually __________ (watch) TV .
　　15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend?She ______________ (watch) TV and _
　　16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday?I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday?I ______________ (milk) cows.
　　17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
　　19. David ______________ (play) football next Monday.

（4）目前进行时：am,is,are+动词目前分词
动词目前分词详解 动词ing形式构成规则：
①    一般直接在背面加上ing ，如doing ，going ，working ，singing ，eating
② 以e 结尾动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having ，writing
③ 双写最终一种字母（此类动词很少）有：running ，swimming ，sitting ，getting
一、写出下列动词目前分词：
　　play________ run__________ swim _________make__________sing   ________
go_________ like________   write________ read________ have_________
dance_________put_________ see________ love____________shop___________
　　live_______ take_________ come ________   get_________stop_________ sit ________
　　二、用所给动词对旳形式填空：
　　1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
　　2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
　　3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food   now.
　　4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
　　5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
　　6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
　　7.Look！the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
　　8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _________(listen ) to music.
　　   9. It’s   5   o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
　　10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes?Yes ,she is .
　　三、句型转换：
　　1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否认句)
　　_____________________________________________________________
　　_____________________________________________________________
2．The student is cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作必然和否认回答)

　　3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线某些进行提问)
　　_________________________________________________________________
　　4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线某些进行提问)
　　_________________________________________________________________

第三某些：句法
1.陈说句
（1）必然句：是指用必然语气来陈说句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
（2