2023年大学生英语竞赛类模拟试卷.doc

大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）C类模拟试卷27 Part Vocabulary and Structure31 I want to put some money into my bank account, so Im going to_bank this afternoon. Its in_Midland Street.Aa: the Bthe: the Ca: a Dthe: / 32 Ms. Smith is very_. She has changed the directors mind about many issues.APrompt BTidy CInfluential Dvital 33 The board_of the opinion that the news shouldnt be carried in the newspaper.AIs Bwill be CWere Dare 34 Production is to be_from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.ATransferred BTransmitted CTranslated Dtransformed 35 The crew worked so hard, they finished the entire project three days_schedule.Aforward of Bahead of Conward of Dabove of 36 We went to a restaurant that night. _food was lovely, but I didnt like the soup or the dessert.ASome of BSome of the CNone of the DAll the 37 The receptionist _we handed the forms pointed out that they had not been properly filled in.AWho BThat Cto whom Dto who 38 It seems oil_from this pipe for some time. Well have to take the machine apart to put it right.Ahad leaked BLeaked Cis leaking Dhas been leaking 39 The game was cancelled because most of the team members_a match without a standard court.Aobjected to have Bobjected to having Cwere objected to have Dwere objected that 40 He was out when I called, but the secretary kindly offered_a message for me.ATaking Bto take CTook Dtaken 41 _the note you left, I would have forgotten to close the door.AWith BIn case of CBecause of DBut for 42 The spokesman admitted that the governments thoughtless policy had caused a crisis thatAcould never have happened Bmight have happenedCshould never have happened Dwould never have happened 43 We doubted if it was worth_about 40 miles to see the football match.Aof riding BRiding CRide Dbeing ridden 44 Excuse me. Can I park my car here? No, Im afraid not. _Oh, do you know of anywhere around here I can park?Sorry, Im afraid I dont.A Maybe you will park here? BThis is a no parking zone.CThanks for the offer. DWould you mind parking here? 45 Tom! Whats that?There are two girls behind you. _Youve just noticed?I dont get why anybody does that anymore. Its so annoying! ATheyve been smoking like chimneys. BI cant stand smoking here.CMany people around here are smoking. DThe secondhand smoke is going to kill us. Part Cloze In the early 1950s the researchers who produced the first clad glass optical fibers were not thinking of using them for communications.【C1】H_, fiber optics was already a well-established commercial technology when the famous paper by Kao and Hockham,【C2】_ (claim)the use of low-loss optical fibers for communication, appeared in 1966. The first low-loss silica fiber was described in【C3】_which appeared in October of 1970. The date of this publication is sometimes【C4】_(cite)as the beginning of the era of fiber communication. Although this development did receive【C5】_(consider)attention in the research community at the time, it was far from inevitable that a major industry would evolve. The technological barriers appeared formidable because there were serious doubts as to【C6】wh_these fiber components could ever be produced economically enough, but the market potential was very significant.【C7】_(consequence), research and development activity expanded rapidly, and a number of important issues were【C8】re_during the early 1970s. During the middle and late 1970s, the rate of progress towards marketable products accelerated as the emphasis【C9】_(shift)from research to engineering. Fibers with losses【C10】app_the Rayleigh limit of 2 dB/km at a wavelength of 0. 8 m were produced. By 1980 improvement in component performance, cost, and reliability led to major commitments on the part of telephone companies. Part Reading ComperhensionSection A A collision between an aircraft and one or more birds is termed a bird-strike. Pilots sometimes record a birdstrike while at cruising altitudes, but most of them happen when an aircraft is relatively close to the ground, usually in proximity to an airport and during the circling, descent to land or take-off phases of a flight. Birdstrikes may cause significant damage to an aircraft and/or, if the birds are ingested into a jet engine, a significant and sudden loss of power. If this were to happen during take-off or initial climb of a fully loaded passenger aircraft the results could be catastrophic-loss of the aircraft and the lives of those on board. Any bird is a potential hazard to aircraft and this is especially true as bird numbers and bird size increase. Unfortunately airports themselves can be attractive to birds-rodents, insects and other small animals are a food source often found in flat grassed areas such as the runway strips. Even so, this problem can be reduced by careful habitat management or bird harassment techniques practised by airport maintenance and safety personnel. Care needs to be taken by local authorities in deciding the location of rubbish tips, or when permitting other land uses that may be attractive to birds in this way. Of course these effects cannot always be anticipated with certainty since birds such as gulls have been recorded as travelling 50 kilometres or more from their roosting area to an attractive food source. Local authority planning schemes often apply strict controls on developments such as abattoirs, cattle feed lots, grain handling, piggeries, canals and marina developments, fish farms, and suchlike. In most cases these uses will not be permitted without a full environmental study. That study should be required to deal with the question of likely bird hazards if the proposed location is in proximity to an airport. In some instances it may be necessary to consider ways of managing a particular land use in order to reduce its attractiveness to birds, for example the adoption of land-fill measures at garbage tips, or enclosed rather than open-air activity. Specialist ornithological opinion may be necessary. In such cases it may not be possible to implement immediate changes in land use, but this should not inhibit the adoption of long-term measures which are designed to achieve this. Summary: A collision between an aircraft and one or more birds is known as a bird strike. It usually happens when an aircraft is close【A1】, and may result in significant damage of the aircraft or loss of the aircraft and【A2】of passengers and crew if they occur during take-off or initial climb. Because birds can find plenty food in flat grassed areas, airports are especially attractive to birds. However, the danger can be minimized by【A3】_. Local authorities need to take care when deciding on【A4】It is suggested that a full environmental study should be made before making plans of developments on the land in proximity to an airport. Local authorities should get advice from specialists and take【A5】in order to bring about changes in land use.Section B Resources can be said to be scarce in both an absolute and relative sense: the surface of the Earth is finite, imposing absolute scarcity: but the scarcity that concerns economists is the relative scarcity of resources for different uses. Materials used for one purpose can not at the same time be used for other purposes: if the quantity of an input is limited, the increased use of it in one manufacturing process must cause it to become less available for other uses. The cost of a product in terms of money may not measure its true cost to society. The true cost of, say, the construction of a supersonic jet is the value of the schools and refrigerators that will never be built as a result. Every act of production uses up some of societys available resources: it means the foregoing of an opportunity to produce something else. In deciding how to use resources most effectively to satisfy the wants of the community, this opportunity cost must ultimately be taken into account. In a market economy the price of a good and the quantity supplied depend on the cost of making it, and that cost, ultimately, is the cost of not making other goods. The market mechanism enforces this relationship. The cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather, the labor, the fuel, and other elements used in producing them. However, the price of these inputs, in turn, depends on what they can produce elsewhereif the leather can be used to produce handbags that are valued highly by consumers, the prices of leather would be correspondingly higher. 61 This passage mainly discusses the finiteness and value of materials.ATURE BFALSE 62 The cost of a product in terms of money measures its true cost to society.ATURE BFALSE 63 The relationship between production and resources is that production reduces the amount of available resources.ATURE BFALSE 64 What determines the price of goods in a market economy? 65 Using land for a house and for a park, which one best reflects a cost to society as defined in the passage?Section C Few words are more commonly used in our modern world than the word modern itself. The modernity of manufactured articles, of institutions, of attitudes, of works of art is constantly brought to our attention. We ourselves may well be judged by whether we are modern or not: indeed, many people go to considerable lengths to make quite certain that they will be accepted as modern-modern in their dress, their behavior, their beliefs. And yet, we may ask, must earlier generations not have felt precisely the same? Surely men throughout history must have recognized themselves as modern. Surely innovators like Julius Caesar, Peter the Great or Oliver Cromwell saw themselves as breaking with the past, as establishing a new order. Must they not also have shared our awareness of the significance of what is modern? What is modern is distinct from what belongs to the past and men in earlier times must have experienced this sense of distinctiveness. People cannot escape, and never have been able to escape, an awareness of change. Reflection will tell us that our awareness of change, our sense of distinctiveness, is very different from that of our predecessors. Change for us is more, much more, than the change brought about by the passing of time, by important events or by the actions of outstanding individuals or groups of people. We make use of change and are ourselves a part of a process of change. Change for us has become modernization and modernization implies both direction and consciousness. Change is something we seek, something we attempt to control and something that has no end. Our modern consciousness of change and this desire to direct change began with the Industrial Revolution. The term revolution is usually applied to a historical event that causes a major change in thought, life styles, and identity. We can normally speak of a time before the revolution and a time after the revolution. But the Industrial Revolution, although it had a beginning, has never come to an end. It is a process not yet stopped. It is a process which affects more and more people in more and more ways. We may argue that it is a process directed by humans. The whole process is, as yet, beyond control of any particular individual or group. We can decide the direction of modernization to some extent but we cannot decide to halt it. This has led to a disturbing situation. What we boast of as modern or up to date today, will be old-fashioned or out of date tomorrow. The noisy insistence that something is modern often conceals fear of the knowledge that it will inevitably soon be superseded. Again, the very fact that modernization has one direction only and involves every member of society permits only two attitudes: acceptance or rejection. The desire to change or modify the world we live in implies acceptance, since the world is a world of change. Rejection of modernization may, therefore, lead to a sense of the world as unreal and meaningless, and this, in turn, to a breakdown, either individual or social. 66 The author believes that today people are often assessed by their_.67 People cannot escape, and never have been able to escape, _.68 According to the author, modernization is a process that_. 69 What does the passage say about the Industrial Revolution? _.AUnlike other revolutions, it was an event without a fairly clear end.BUnlike other revolutions, it did not bring about major social changes.CIt was not a revolution in the true sense of the word.DIts influence was limited to industry and economy.70 With little change of meaning, the phrase, as yet, in Line 7, Paragraph 2, could be replaced by_.ATherefore BHowever CAlready DStill Section D Although few would deny that its better to be rich than poor, for some people the quest for money is so all-consuming that it extinguishes all other aspects of life. The cause of the compulsion to make enormous sums of money varies with the individual, but often money is a substitute for something a persons life lacks.(74)To some, money means security. To some, it means power. To others it means they are going to be able to buy love, and to a fourth group it means competition and winning the game. The belief that money can produce these things often leads to insomnia, heart attacks and problems with a spouse or children. A tremendous need for power is invariably the bottom line for those driven to make a lot of money. The bigger the pile, the more powerful they think they will feel. Parents and family background also influence a persons pursuit of money. Many people who grew up poor and then made a fortune live in fear that they will lose it. Others strive for money to compete with their wealthy, successful parents. They want to be successful at any price. They do not feel they should enjoy what they have earned. (75)Making money for its own sake can be addicting like high-stakes gambling. Some very wealthy people work so many hours, so hard and at such an intense pace that they totally neglect themselves. They dont eat right. They dont sleep right. They just act as if they were poor, as if they were struggl