英语单词变形规则汇总.pptx

变 形 规 则可数名词的复数形式可数名词才有复数形式可数名词才有复数形式不不可可数数名名词词主主要要是是抽抽象象名名词词和和物物质名词，做主语时谓语用单数质名词，做主语时谓语用单数集集体体名名词词没没复复数数形形式式但但做做主主语语时时谓语通常用复数谓语通常用复数statesman,mouse,mosquito,monkey,passer-by,watch,button,brochure,universitystatesmen,mice,mosquitoes,monkeys,passers-by,watches,buttons,brochures,universities1.一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-smap-maps,bridge-bridges2.以以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加结尾的加-esglass-glasses,brush-brushes3.以以o结尾的有生命的名词后加结尾的有生命的名词后加-eshero-heroes,potato-potatoes 以以o结结尾尾的的无无生生命命的的名名词词以以及及-oo结结尾尾的词后加的词后加-spiano-pianos,zoo-zoos4.以以辅辅音音加加y结结尾尾的的词词变变y为为i加加es;以以元元音音加加y结尾的词直接加结尾的词直接加sfactory-factories;boy-boys5.以以-f或或-fe结结尾尾的的词词，把把-f,-fe改改为为V,再再加加-eswolf-wolves,leaf-leaves有的以有的以-f,-fe结尾的词，可以直接加结尾的词，可以直接加-sbelief-beliefs,roof-roofs不规则变化1.bacterium-bacteria;medium-media;criterion-criteria phenomenon-phenomena2.businessman-businessmen policeman-policemen postman-postmen salesman-salesmen spokesman-spokesmen statesman-statesmen3.goose-geese;tooth-teeth;foot-feet4.mouse-mice;ox-oxen;child-children deer-deer;fish-fish;sheep-sheep5.means-means;analysis-analyses stamach-stamachs leaf-leaves;knife-knives life-lives;shelf-shelves thief-thieves;wolf-wolves动 词 的 单 三 变写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式1.swim 2.draw 3.make 4.run 5.carry 6.leave 7.arrive 8.watch 9.clean 10.stay写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式1.swims 2.draws 3.makes 4.runs 5.carries 6.leaves 7.arrives 8.watches 9.cleans 10.stays动动词词的的第第三三人人称称单单数数规规则则 当当主主语语是是第第三三人人称称（she、he、it）或或名名词词时时，谓谓语语动动词词要要用用单单数数形形式式。一一般般情情况况下下动动词词的的第第三三人人称称单数形式都是直接加单数形式都是直接加s 动词单数形式：动词单数形式：1、动词以、动词以ch、sh、o、s、x结尾时，单数形式要加结尾时，单数形式要加es 2、动动词词以以元元音音字字母母+y结结尾尾时时，在在y后后直直接接加加s；动动词词以以辅辅音音字字母母+y结尾时，把结尾时，把y变成变成i再加再加es 3、be动动词词的的现现在在时时包包括括am、is、are。第第三三人人称称单单数数要要用用is；have的第三人称单数是的第三人称单数是has 动 词 的-ed 形式写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词1.flow 2.stick 3.bite 4.identify5.receive 6.aim 7.limit 8.yell9.ban 10.admit1.flow-flowed-flowed 2.stick-stuck-stuck 3.bite-bit-bitten 4.identify-identified-identified5.receive-received-received 6.aim-aimed-aimed 7.limit-limited-limited 8.yell-yelled-yelled9.ban-banned-banned 10.admit-admitted-admitted规则动词的过去分词与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。规则动词的过去分词与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。1 一般动词，在词尾直接加一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”work-worked visit-visited 2 以以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”live-lived 3 以以“辅辅音音字字母母+y”结结尾尾的的动动词词，将将“y”变变为为“i”，再再加加“ed”study-studied-studied 4 重重读读闭闭音音节节结结尾尾，末末尾尾只只有有一一个个辅辅音音字字母母，双双写写该该辅辅音音字字母母，再加再加“ed”stop-stopped 动 词 的-ing 形 式写出下列单词的写出下列单词的-ing形式形式violate wind swallow scanrefer quarrel breathe beginwrite forgive tie try写出下列单词的写出下列单词的-ing形式形式violating winding swallowing scanningreferring quarrel(l)ing breathing beginningwriting forgiving tying trying1.一般在动词末尾直接加一般在动词末尾直接加ing 2.以以不不发发音音字字母母e结结尾尾的的动动词词，先先去去掉掉e,再再加加ing 如：如：have-having3.以以重重读读闭闭音音节节结结尾尾的的动动词词，中中间间只只有有一一个个d短短元元音音字字母母，词词尾尾只只有有一一个个辅辅音音字字母母,应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 如：如：running beginning jogging sitting getting 4.以以ie结尾的动词，把结尾的动词，把ie变成变成y再加再加ing，如：如：lie-lying die-dying 形容词,副词的比较级和最高级写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级bad clean famous dirty big ill heavy little happy far expensive well slow easy wide carefully early thin much clever 写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级bad/ill-worse-the worstclean-cleaner-the cleanestfamous-more famous-the most famous dirty-dirtier-the dirtiest big-bigger-the biggestheavy-heavier-the heaviest little-less-the leasthappy-happier-the happiestfar-farther/further-the farthest/furthest expensive-more expensive-the most expensive well-better-bestslow-slower-the slowesteasy-easier-the easiest wide-wider-the widest carefully-more carefully-most carefullyearly-earlier-earliestthin-thinner-the thinnest much-more-the most clever-cleverer-the cleverest1.单单音音节节词词在在词词尾尾加加-er构构成成比比较较级级，加加-est构构成成最最高高级级 如如：hard-harder-the hardest2.以以不不发发音音的的e结结尾尾的的单单音音节节词词直直接接加加-er或或-est，如如：late-later-the latest3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的变结尾的变y为为I加加er或或est:如如:easy-easier-the easiest4.以以一一个个辅辅音音字字母母结结尾尾的的重重读读闭闭音音节节词词双双写写最最后后一一个个辅辅音音字字母母再加再加er或或est:如如:big-bigger-the biggest5.多多音音节节词词前前加加more或或most,副副词词最最高高级级前前省省略略the.如如:important-more important -the most important6.以以-ly结结尾尾的的副副词词，除除early外外，其其他他均使用均使用more/most构成比较级和最高级构成比较级和最高级early-earlier-earliestwarm-more warmly-most warmlypatiently-more patiently-most patiently不规则变化不规则变化 good/well-better-the best 好好bad/badly/ill-worse-the worst 坏坏many/much-more-the most 多多little-less-the least 少少old-older/elder-the oldest/the eldest 老老,旧旧far-farther/further-the farthest/the furthest 远远请写出下列形容词的副词形式请写出下列形容词的副词形式exact complete personal probable easy frequent full automatic形 容 词 变 副 词1.直接直接+ly quietquietly differentdifferently confidentconfidently beautifulbeautifully carefulcarefully recentrecently2.以以-le 结尾的形容词去结尾的形容词去e+ly terrible terribly possible possibly comfortable comfortably gentle gently simple simply reasonable reasonably probable probably incredible incredibly 其它以其它以e结尾的形容词直接结尾的形容词直接+ly wise wisely nice nicely polite politely fortunate fortunately close closely immediateimmediately widewidelytrue trulywhole whollyfull fullydull dully 注意以下形容词变副词的拼写注意以下形容词变副词的拼写3.以以 辅音辅音+y结尾的，变结尾的，变y 为为i+ly happy happily easy easily angry angrily merry merrily heavy heavily noisy noisily healthyhealthily lucky luckily 4.以以ic结尾的结尾的+ally energetic energetically automatic automatically scientific scientifically economiceconomically basic basically public publicly（例外）（例外）注意以注意以ly结尾的形容词结尾的形容词 friendly lovely lively elderly lonely monthly weekly yearly brotherly fatherly motherly deadly manly womanly daily silly 5.形容词与副词形容词与副词 同形同形 fastfast earlyearly hardhard latelate farfar alonealone little-little6.有两个副词形式的词有两个副词形式的词 highhigh highly deepdeepdeeply widewidewidely hardhard hardly loudloud loudly closeclose closely latelate latelyfree-免费地免费地freely-随便不拘束地随便不拘束地hard-努力地、猛烈地努力地、猛烈地 hardly-几乎不几乎不 just-恰好、仅仅、不久前恰好、仅仅、不久前justly-公公正正地地 late-迟迟lately-最最 新新 地地、最最 近近 地地 most-最最 mostly-大部分地大部分地 near-近近 nearly-几乎几乎 pretty-很很(作副词用作副词用)prettily-漂亮漂亮 short-突然地突然地 shortly-不久，很快不久，很快 May you succeed!May you succeed!