牛津英语模块5Unit2词汇.pptx

economyeconomicaleconomicallyeconomicseconomicsmismeconomizereconomistpoliticaleconomyindividualeconomynationaleconomycentrallyplannedeconomyInternationaleconomicandtrade经济经济,节约节约经济地经济地,经济学地经济学地经济主义经济主义经济学者经济学者,经济家经济家政治经济学政治经济学个体经济个体经济国民经济国民经济中央计划经济中央计划经济国际经济与贸易国际经济与贸易节约的节约的,经济的经济的经济学经济学节约者节约者environmentenvironmentalenvironmentalistenvironmentalisticenvironmentaltransitionadjusttoanewenvironmentbeautifytheenvironmentinhabitedenvironmentn .环境环境,外界外界adj.周围的周围的,环境的环境的 n.环境论环境论 n.环境保护论者环境保护论者,环境论者环境论者,adj.环境保护论者的环境保护论者的,环境论者的环境论者的环境变迁环境变迁适应环境适应环境美化环境美化环境居住环境居住环境debate vt.&vi-formal discussion at a public meeting 搭配：debate（about）sth.with sb.debate wh-+to do debate with oneself 独自考虑，心中盘算 n.辩论，争论 eg.1.他们正在争辩什么？_ 2.他们正在讨论去还是不去。_ 3.我们必须就这件事和父母讨论一下。_.拓展：beyond debate无可争辩 open a debate 展开争辩hold a debate 举行争辩 a warm debate激烈的争辩What are they debating?They are debating whether to go or not.We should debate with our parents about it.under debate 正在辩论中layvt.产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放（laid,laid）lie(撒谎)-lied-lied-lyinglie（平躺）-lay-lain-lyingeg.不要把你的外套放在床上_Mybrother_thehenaside,saying,“Itdoesnt_wellthesedays,perhapsitissick.A.lay,layB.lied,layC.laid,lieD.laid,lay拓展：layaside把-放在一边，储存（某物）待用layoff解雇（工人）layout摊开，摆出Dontlayyourcoatonthebed.请根据句子意思，用lay或lie的正确形式填空。Please _ the book where it _.The little boy _ that he _ the egg _ by the hen _ under the tree in the box.laylayliedhadlaidlaidlying拓展拓展a.放重点在上b.摆设餐具c.归罪于d.暂时解雇e.储蓄Pleaselaythetablefordinner.Thecouplelaidasidesomemoneyfortheiroldage.Thepresidentlaidgreatemphasisonwouldpeace.Dontlayalltheblamefortheaccidentonme.Someworkerswerelaidoffbecauseofashortageofmaterials.1.b 2.e3.a3.c4.din addition 另外，加之，又”，adv -besides or as well。He had no time to prepare this lecture,in addition,he was unwell。There was a big earthquake and,in addition,there were terrible tsunamis.In addition,there is one more point I would like to make.in addition to prep，“加之，除了之外”He speaks French in addition to English.In addition to the sandwiches,Aunt Mary gave us cookies to bring to the picnic.Whenhefelloffhisbike,hehurthisarmand,_hisglasses.他从车上摔下来，摔伤了，胳膊，还摔坏了眼镜。Therewasanearthquakeand,_(另外)therewerehugewaves.HespeaksFrench_English.（除了英语以为）inadditiontoinadditioninadditiontowipedoutwipe out在在 “扫除，消灭扫除，消灭”，“擦洗擦洗的内部，雪耻的内部，雪耻”Ihopethattheterriblescenewillbewipedoutfromthelittleboysmemory.Itisreportedthattheimportedplantwillwipeoutsomeoftheoriginalspeciesthere.Alltheinformationsavedinthecomputerwaswipedoutbythevirus.Thedeadlydiseasealmostwipedouttheentirepopulation拓展:a.（把溅出的水等）抹掉b.擦掉c.擦去（眼泪等）d.把擦干Willyoupleasewipeoffthedrawingfromtheblackboard?Pleasewipeupthatspiltcoffee.Shewipedhertearsawaywithherhandkerchief.Pleasewipetheglassesdry.cutbackoncut back on 意为意为“削减，缩减，减少削减，缩减，减少”。Theyvealreadycutbackproductionbytwentypercent.Youhavetocutbackonspending.拓展拓展:a.切碎b.插嘴c.切断（电力、煤气、自来水等）d.剪下e.使孤立f.砍倒Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseoftheterriblestorm.Theyshouldnthavecutdownthoseyoungtrees.Tomakethedish,youshouldfirstcutupthevegetablesintosmallpieces.HecutoutanarticleaboutLiuxiangfromthenewspaper.ThemomentIbegantospeak,hecutin.Thevillagewascutoffbytheheavysnow.cf ad be approach vt&vi 接近，靠近，着手处理eg 1._ 教师节快到了。2.He is a man hard _.他是个难以接近的人。3.She _ everything in a peculiar way.她处理问题方式很怪。n.u 靠近，临近 c 通路，入口，方法，途径（常和介词to连用）I like her_ to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。拓展 make approaches to sb.设法接近 approach sb.on/about sth.与打交道 be easy of approach（人容易接近；(地方)容易到达，交通方便Teachers day is approaching.to approachapproachesapproachproductionproductionun，意为“生产，产出，产量，生产量”Thecompanyisfamousfortheproductionofmobilephones.Productionhasbeenincreasedbyusingbettermethods.Thistypeofcarsisproducedinmassproduction.producev，“生产”；“productive”adj，意为“多产的”；product，cn.意为“产品，生产物”，如：Whatarethechieffarmproductsinyourprovince?beneficialbeneficialadj，意为“有益的，有利的，有帮助的”，“bebeneficialto”，意为“对有帮助的”，Enoughsleep,goodfoodandsomeexercisearebeneficialtothehealth.Ihopethisholidaywillbebeneficialformyhusband,whoisunderhighpressureofwork.beneficialbenefitn,v，“利益，帮助，恩惠，益处”，beofbenefitto，“对有裨益”；forthebenefitof，“为了的利益”，Igotalotofbenefitfromtravelingaroundtheworld.Thesecollectedmoneywillbeusedforthebenefitofthepeoplefromflood-strickenareas.benefitvtvi“有益于；对有益，因得到利益”。effectiveadj，“有效的”，Thelocalgovernmenthasalreadytakensomeeffectivemeasuretodevelopthecitywithoutdamagingtheecosystem.Thismedicineishighlyeffectiveagainstbird-flu.ThenewlawbecomeseffectiveonOctober1st.effective-“moreeffective”-“themosteffective”。effectivelyadv，“有效地”。反义词ineffective，“无效的”；effectn，“功效，作用”，havea/aneffecton，“对产生的作用”Thismedicinehadagood/abad/aside/anill/aninstant/anegativeeffectonthatpatient.Punishmenthadverylittleeffectonthosefactories,whichcreatedharmfulwaste.Theplansofprotectingtheendangeredanimalswillsoonbecarriedintoeffect.willingwilling是形容词，意为“乐意的，自愿的”Areyouwillingthatheshouldbeadmittedintoourclub?Aretheywillingworkersforenvironmentalprotection?willingly，adv“乐意地”，“willingness”，n,“心甘情愿”，Hegaveuphisseattotheoldladywillingly.opentheflooropen the floor 意为意为“自由发言自由发言”。如：。如：Theclubmembersopenedthefloorfortheirdiscussionwhethertheyshouldgiveuptheplanornot.拓展拓展-a.告知，表明b.开火c.展现d.开张e.以开始f.展开，打开。Thelovelyviewopenedoutbeforeoureyes.Heopenedhishearttothegirl.Mydreamistoopenarestaurant.TheRedArmymenopenedfireattheenemy.Heopenedoutafoldingmapforallofusandbeganhisstory.Thestoryopenedwithalovestorybetweenaprinceandaprincess.cadbfefloor发言权nhave/get/obtainthefloor得到发言权takethefloor发言HedidntgetthefloorAtlastthechairmantooktheflooraskforthefloor要求发言beonthefloor正在发言中givethefloorto给予发言权runoutof/runoutrun out of 意为意为“用完，耗尽用完，耗尽”。如：。如：Ihaverunoutofmypocketmoney.Mypocketmoneyhasrunout.Wearerunningoutoffuel.Ourfuelisrunningout.拓展:a.褪色b.逃出，逃跑c.撞上d.偶然遇见e.发烧f.追赶g.连续跑Luckily,theyranawayfromthefire.Iranacrossoneofmyoldfriendsinthestreetthismorning.Thetwopolicemenarerunningafterathief.ThecolorofthisT-shirtrunseasily.Hiscarranintothepost.Thelittlegirlranahighfever.Hewillrunonforhoursifyoudontstophim.bdf acegshockvt.使震惊，使震动eg.Itshockedmetothinkhowclosewehadcometobeingkilled.想到我们差一点丧命，我就非常害怕。_他的所作所为让我们很震惊。n.c令人震惊的事件（情况）消息_itistohearthatthefactorywouldhavetoclose.A.WhatashockB.WhatshockC.HowashockD.Howshockwhathehaddoneshockedusmost.disappointeddisappoint vt “使失望使失望”disappointed adj，“失望的，沮丧的失望的，沮丧的”be disappointed at/about/with，意为，意为“对对而感到失望而感到失望”，be disappointed to do sth.，“做做而感到失望而感到失望”Theresultoftheexperimentreallydisappointedus.Pleasedontdisappointme.Whatareyoulookingsodisappointedabout?Hewasdisappointedtohearthenewsthathisvisawasrefused.Weweredisappointedthatourteamhadlostthegame.disappointing adj，“让人失望的，令人扫兴的让人失望的，令人扫兴的”，Howdisappointingtheweatherthissummeris!disappointment n，“失望，灰心，扫兴失望，灰心，扫兴”，Whenheheardthebadnews,hisdisappointmentwasobvious.Muchtomydisappointment,thepicnicwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.否定前缀主要有dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-和un-，可译成汉语“非”、“无”、“不（是）”、“未”.dis-常加在名词、形容词、动词之前。agreement(同意；一致)disagreement(分歧；不一致)advantage(优势；有利条件)disadvantage(不利条件；缺点)honest(诚实的)dishonest(不诚实的)like(喜欢)dislike(不喜欢)appear(出现)disappear(消失)2.im-常加在以字母m-,p-开头的形容词之前。如：moral（道德的）immoral(不道德的)possible(可能的)impossible(不可能的)polite(有礼貌的；客气的)impolite(无礼的；粗鲁的)3.un-常加在名词、形容词、副词之前。如：happiness（幸福unhappiness不幸福usual(通常的)unusual不寻常的；罕见的important(重要的)unimportant(不重要的)friendly(友好的)unfriendly不友好的；不友善的healthy(健康的)unhealthy(不健康的；不益于健康的)crowded(拥挤的)uncrowded(不拥挤的)able(能；会)unable(无能的；不会的)fair(公平的；公正的)unfair(不公平的；不公正的)familiar(熟悉的)unfamiliar(不熟悉的；没有经验的)necessary(必要的)unnecessary(不必要的)fortunately(幸运地)unfortunately(不幸运地)4.in-常加在名词、形容词之前ability（能力）inability（无能；无力）correct（正确的）incorrect（不正确的）5.ir-常加在以r-开头的形容词前regular（规则的）irregular（不规则的；不规律的）closelyadv.强调程度上“严密地，紧密地，相似地，仔细地。closeadj.&adv.强调空间距离上近。Dontstandtoo_tothedog.别离狗太近。Helistened_tome.他仔细地听我讲话。Wewereso_packedintheliftthatIcouldhardlymove.我们紧紧地挤在电梯里，我几乎动弹不了。closecloselyclosely.limitedlimited adj，“有限的有限的”Hisknowledgeofhistoryisratherlimited.Thelimitededitionmadethestampmovevaluable.Youshoulddrivewithinthelimitedspeedinthisarea,otherwiseyoullbefined.limit n，“极限，限度，界限极限，限度，界限”Thetaskistoomuchforme.Iknowmylimits.Herpatiencereacheditslimit.Ifonlythebankswouldlendmoneywithoutlimit?limit v，意为，意为“限制，限定限制，限定”。limit sb./sth.to sth.，意为，意为“把把限制在限制在内内”。如：。如：Wemustlimittheexpensetowhatwecanafford.Motherlimitedustoanice-creameach.decrease减少，减小（反义词：increase）decreasein在方面减少decreaseby减少（数量）decreaseto减少到（结果）e.g._growthisdecreasing_1.4%eachyear.每年人口的增长减少了1.4%。Thebossisgoingto_老板准备减少他的报酬。Themembershipdecreased_150.会员数减少到150人。Since1945,airforceshavedecreased_1945年以来，空军的数量已经有了减少。Populationbydecreasehiswage/paytoinnumberraise vt，“引发；提出引发；提出a.饲养（家畜等）b.筹款，筹措c.举起，抬起d.建立，建造e.抬高，提高Pleaseraiseyourhandsifyouarefortheplan.Hisfatherraisedhisvoiceinanger.Thefarmerraised20pigsandsomechickens.Theyraisedenoughmoneyfortheenvironmentalproductionproject.Theyplannedtoraiseamonumentforthedead.Keys:ce abdraisevt，(raised，raised；raising)Risevi，(rose，risen；rising)Practice:1.Hetoldusthathe_byhisaunt.2.Asweallknow,thesun_intheeastandsetsinthewest.3.Theriver_3inchessinceitrained.4.Hestoodtherewithhisrighthand_.5.Agreatnumberofnations_andfellinthecourseofhistory.6.Thepriceofacupofcoffee_bytencents.7.Isawtears_tohereyes.8.He_tohisfeet,_hisvoiceinanger.wasraisedriseshasrisenraisedhasrisen/hasbeenraisedroserisingroseraisingequipment un，“设备，器材，装备设备，器材，装备”Whatsthecostofequipment?Wellvisitafactorywithmodernequipmentthisafternoon.Hespentmuchtimeandmoneyontheequipmentofhisnewhouse.equip v，“装备于装备于，使，使本身具备本身具备”，(equipped、equipped，equipping)Shallweequipourofficewithaprinter?Wefoundournewschoolequippedwithdifferentkindsofsportsfacilities.Themorewelearn,themoreequippedfordealingwithallkindsofproblemsinthemodernsocietywebecome.pick out 挑出挑出,找出找出 ,了解、领会了解、领会Heisalwaysquickinpickingoutthemeaningofapassage.拓展拓展:a.挑三拣四b.驾去接某人c.恢复健康d.遭扒窃e.偶然获得f.采花ShallIpickyouupatthestation?Ihadmypocketpickedyesterday.Theboywascaughtpickingflowersinthegarden.Dontpickandchoose.Weareshortofmoneythesedays.Ithinkhellpickupsoon.Hepickeduptheinformationinamostunlikelyplace.Keys:bd faceconcern.vt.与有关，关系到，使有关，使担心beconcernedaboutsth.担心，忧虑concernoneselfabout/withsth.使自己关心e.g.Dont_yourself_otherpeoplesaffairs.别干涉他人的事。so/asfarassb./sth.beconcerned就-而言拓展：concernedadj.忧虑的（前置定语、表语），concerningprep.关于e.g._忧虑的家长a_ 忧虑的表情_youradvice,Iamthinkingaboutit.Itsaquestion_这是个关于他个人生活的问题。concernaboutconcernedparentsconcernedlookConcerning.concerninghisprivatelifetakeintoconsiderationtakeinto consideration “考虑到某事考虑到某事”Wemusttaketheweatherintoconsiderationfirstwhenclimbingmountains.be under consideration “正在考虑中正在考虑中”Whentobegintheplanofexchangestudentsisunderconsideration.leave.out of consideration “对对不加考虑不加考虑”Thereisoneimportantfactthathasbeenleftoutofconsideration.show consideration for “体谅体谅”Heshowsmuchconsiderationforhiswife.in consideration of “考虑到考虑到，顾及，顾及”Inconsiderationofhispoorhealth,theydecidedtogoonthejourneywithouthim.on no consideration“绝不绝不”Onnoconsiderationcanyougiveuptheplan.measuren.措施，方法，程度vt.测量（长度，大小，重量等）Thecentimeterisa_oflength.厘米是长度的单位。Thetailor_meforasuit.裁缝量了我的尺寸好做西装。拓展:toonesownmeasure.按照某人的尺寸takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做beyondmeasure非常地，过度地inlargemeasure/insomemeasure 在很大/某种程度上takeonesmeasure量的尺寸；判断的性格Theytookstrongmeasuresagainstdangerousdrivers.Theschoolhastakensomemeasurestopreventcheating.measuremeasuredremainvi.剩余，遗留，停留e.g.She_herchildren.她留在家中照顾小孩。Afterthefire,_.火灾过后，所剩无几。linkv.仍然是，保存=stayAlthoughhewasaskedagainandagain,he_.虽被反复追问，他仍然保持缄默。拓展：remainingadj.剩下的（常作前置定语）cf.leftadj.剩下的（常作后置定语）remaintobedone留待以后再说e.g.Itremainstobeseenwhetherhewillpassthetest.remainedathometolookafterlittleremainedremainedsilentprohibit sb.from doing sth.“用法律、规则等禁止某人用法律、规则等禁止某人做做”或或“事情妨碍某人事情妨碍某人”。Childrenareprohibitedfrombuyingcigarettes.Thesaleofthismedicineisprohibited.Hispooreyesightprohibitedhimfrombecomingapilot.prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing sth.“妨碍、防妨碍、防止某人做某事止某人做某事”。其中。其中prevent和和stop词组里的词组里的from可省可省略。被动语态中，三个词组中的略。被动语态中，三个词组中的from都不能省略。如：都不能省略。如：Hersuddenarrivalpreventedme(from)goingout.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestopreventthediseasefromspreading.