牛津译林版高中英语必修模块一Unit1核心单词精讲精练.pptx

必修必修 1Unit 1 School life1.experience n.&vt.经历，体验经历，体验(1)by/from experience 凭经验凭经验/从经验中从经验中have experience in(doing)sth.在在(做做)某事方面有经验某事方面有经验quite an unforgettable experience 一次非常难忘的经历一次非常难忘的经历(2)experienced adj.经验丰富的，有经验的经验丰富的，有经验的be experienced in 在在方面有经验方面有经验He failed in the interview because of lacking of experience.他由于缺乏经验而没有通过面试。他由于缺乏经验而没有通过面试。(2012辽辽宁宁高高考考)Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments,astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.除除了了通通过过进进行行这这些些更更加加常常见见的的娱娱乐乐活活动动来来放放松松之之外外，宇宇航航员员还可以简单地享受住在太空的经历。还可以简单地享受住在太空的经历。He said he had never experienced such a great adventure.他他说他从未经历过如此大的冒险。说他从未经历过如此大的冒险。(语境填词语境填词)The _ mountain climber _ a lot of adventures,and he gained much _ from his own adventurous _.这位有经验的登山运动员经历了许多冒险，从他自己的冒险这位有经验的登山运动员经历了许多冒险，从他自己的冒险经历中他收获了很多经验。经历中他收获了很多经验。【点津点津】experience作作“经验经验”讲时是不可数名词；作讲时是不可数名词；作“经历，经历，体验体验”是可数名词。是可数名词。experiencedexperiencedexperienceexperiences【高考链接高考链接】(福福建建高高考考)Guess what,weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.How nice!You _ a different culture then.A.will be experiencing B.have experiencedC.have been experiencing D.will have experienced【解解析析】选选A。考考查查时时态态。答答语语句句意意：好好极极了了！到到那那时时你你们们将将体体验验一一种种不不同同的的文文化化。根根据据语语境境可可知知，then指指的的是是还还没没有有来来到到的的“this summer”，表表示示将将来来某某个个时时间间在在干干某某事事，通通常常用用将将来进行时，故选来进行时，故选A项。项。2.earn vt.获得；赚，挣得获得；赚，挣得 The workers earned less money because they had to pay medical insurance.因为工人们要交医疗保险因为工人们要交医疗保险,所以他们赚的钱就少了。所以他们赚的钱就少了。The old man earned his living by selling vegetables.这位老人以卖蔬菜为生。这位老人以卖蔬菜为生。As we know,its his honesty that earned the admiration of his friends.正如我们所知，正是他的诚实得到了朋友们的赞扬。正如我们所知，正是他的诚实得到了朋友们的赞扬。【辨析辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空理解下列区别并选词填空 earn指为钱指为钱(或任何其他报酬或任何其他报酬)而工作，含有而工作，含有“报酬是应得的报酬是应得的”的含义的含义win指在竞争、战争、比赛中获胜，并可能由指在竞争、战争、比赛中获胜，并可能由此得到奖赏此得到奖赏gain指获得有用和需要的东西，常用于与钱没指获得有用和需要的东西，常用于与钱没关系的场合关系的场合 填空：填空：He wanted to take part in a competition,but he had no money.Fortunately,he _ a lot of money by working for the newspaper and _ much experience.At last he _ the competition and realized his goal.earnedgainedwon【高考链接高考链接】(辽宁高考辽宁高考)You are old enough to _ your own living.A.win B.gain C.take D.earn【解解析析】选选D。考考查查动动词词辨辨析析。句句意意：你你已已经经足足够够大大来来自自己己谋谋生生了了。win赢赢得得；gain获获得得；take带带走走；earn/make ones living谋生，构成固定短语。谋生，构成固定短语。3.respect n.&vt.尊敬，尊敬，敬重敬重have/show respect for 对对尊敬尊敬earn/gain/win the respect of 赢得赢得的尊敬的尊敬out of respect for sb.出于对某人的尊敬出于对某人的尊敬Young people should show respect for old people.年轻人要尊重老年人。年轻人要尊重老年人。As a scientist,Yuan Longping has won the respect of everyone for his great contributions to agriculture.作作为为一一名名科科学学家家，袁袁隆隆平平因因为为对对农农业业的的重重大大贡贡献献而而赢赢得得了了所所有人的尊敬。有人的尊敬。We deeply _ Zhang Lili _ what she has done for the children.张丽莉因为她为孩子们所做的一切而受到我们由衷的尊敬。张丽莉因为她为孩子们所做的一切而受到我们由衷的尊敬。respectfor【熟词生义熟词生义】读句子猜含义读句子猜含义 Please give my respects to your parents.()(2012江江苏苏高高考考)In this respect,new technologies have shaped our culture.()问候问候方面方面4.devote vt.致力于；献身致力于；献身(1)devote oneself to 投身于，献身于投身于，献身于devote time/attention/money/energy.to.为某事付出为某事付出(时间、注意力、金时间、注意力、金 钱、精力等钱、精力等)be devoted to 热爱，忠诚于，专心于热爱，忠诚于，专心于(2)devotion n.忠诚，热爱，献身忠诚，热爱，献身Qian Xuesen _ _ _ _ _ science.钱学森把他毕生的精力都献给了科学事业。钱学森把他毕生的精力都献给了科学事业。She devotes all her efforts to her work.她全力以赴地工作。她全力以赴地工作。She is devoted to her studies.她专心于她的学习。她专心于她的学习。As a soldier,he showed selfless devotion to duty.作为战士，他表现出了对其职责的无私奉献。作为战士，他表现出了对其职责的无私奉献。devoted his entire life to【高考链接高考链接】(四四川川高高考考)If you have a job,_ yourself to it and finally youll succeed.A.do devote B.dont devoteC.devoting D.not devoting【解解析析】选选A。句句意意：如如果果你你有有了了一一份份工工作作，务务必必要要全全力力以以赴赴地地工工作作，最最后后你你定定能能成成功功。强强调调词词do通通常常用用于于强强调调谓谓语语动动词词；另另外外and属属于于并并列列连连词词，它它后后面面接接了了一一个个句句子子，所所以以其其前前也也应应是是一一个个句句子子，此此处处是是“祈祈使使句句+and+表表将将来来的的简简单单句句”这这一一结结构，故选项构，故选项A正确。正确。【想一想想一想】表示表示“专注于专注于”的短语还有哪些？试列举。的短语还有哪些？试列举。【参考答案参考答案】表示表示“专注于专注于”的短语还有：的短语还有：apply oneself tobe absorbed inbury oneself in/be buried inbe involved inoccupy oneself in doing/with sth.focus onconcentrate onfix ones attention on5.average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的一般的，普通的；平均的 n.平均，平均数平均，平均数an average of.的平均数的平均数on(the)average 平均，一般地说平均，一般地说above/below average 高于高于/低于平均水平低于平均水平The average age of the boys in our group is 17.我们组男孩子的平均年龄是我们组男孩子的平均年龄是17岁。岁。Prices of grain have risen by an average of 10%over the past two years.粮食价格在过去两年平均上涨了粮食价格在过去两年平均上涨了10%。_ _,people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do.一般地说，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人更健康。一般地说，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人更健康。On average【高考链接高考链接】(天天津津高高考考)He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.A.below B.of C.on D.above【解解析析】选选D。考考查查介介词词。句句意意：他他是是一一个个好好学学生生，在在大大部部分分科科目目上上得得分分都都高高出出平平均均分分。below average低低于于平平均均分分；on average平均；平均；above average高于平均分。故选高于平均分。故选D。(江江西西高高考考)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n)_ of 40,000 per year.A.average B.numberC.amount D.quantity【解解析析】选选A。考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意：去去年年毕毕业业有有驾驾照照的的学学生生达达到到了了20万万，平平均均每每年年有有4万万。an average of 平平均均；a number of 许许多多,修修饰饰可可数数名名词词；an amount of 许许多多,修修饰饰不不可可数数名名词词；a quantity of 许许多多，修修饰饰可可数数名名词词或或不不可可数数名名词词。根据语境根据语境per year 可知此处指的是平均数。可知此处指的是平均数。6.struggle n.难事；斗争；努力难事；斗争；努力 vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎奋斗，努力；挣扎struggle with/against.与与作斗争作斗争struggle for.为为而斗争而斗争struggle to do sth.努力做某事努力做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来(2012北北京京高高考考)Ever more people on the Earth reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives,rather than merely struggle for survival.地地球球上上有有更更多多的的人人有有理理由由和和权权利利想想要要更更好好的的生生活活，而而不不是是仅仅仅为生存而挣扎。仅为生存而挣扎。The _ _ independence was long and hard.为独立而斗争是长期而艰苦的。为独立而斗争是长期而艰苦的。The thief was _ _ get away from the shopkeeper.小偷挣扎着要摆脱店主而逃跑。小偷挣扎着要摆脱店主而逃跑。struggle forstruggling to【高考链接高考链接】(湖湖南南高高考考)Dina,_ for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A.struggling B.struggledC.having struggled D.to struggle【解解析析】选选C。句句意意：Dina努努力力了了数数月月想想找找一一份份女女服服务务员员的的工工作作，最最后后却却在在当当地地的的一一家家广广告告公公司司找找到到了了一一个个职职位位。由由时时间间状状语语for months可可知知，此此处处需需用用现现在在分分词词的的完完成成式式，表表示示与与谓谓语动词语动词took之间有时间先后关系。之间有时间先后关系。7.satisfaction n.满意满意The chef tasted the tomato sauce with great satisfaction.厨师尝了尝番茄酱，感到很满意。厨师尝了尝番茄酱，感到很满意。To the satisfaction of everyone,he managed to finish the task in the time allowed.令大家满意的是，他设法在规定的时间内完成了任务。令大家满意的是，他设法在规定的时间内完成了任务。The result of the test was far from satisfactory.测试的结果远不能令人满意。测试的结果远不能令人满意。【归纳归纳】写出下列短语写出下列短语_ 满意地满意地 _ 令某人满意的是令某人满意的是_ 远非令人满意远非令人满意with satisfactionto sb.s satisfaction/to the satisfaction of sb.far from satisfactory【高考链接高考链接】(2012全全国国卷卷)Sarah looked at _ finished painting with _ satisfaction.A.不填；不填；a B.a;theC.the;不填不填 D.the;a【解解析析】选选C。考考查查冠冠词词。句句意意：Sarah满满意意地地看看了了看看已已完完成成的的绘绘画画。with satisfaction表表示示“满满意意地地”，是是固固定定短短语语，中中间间没没有有冠冠词词；另另外外，根根据据句句意意和和语语境境也也可可判判断断出出第第一一个个空空填填the，因为此处表示特指。故选，因为此处表示特指。故选C。8.inform vt.通知，告知通知，告知inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事通知某人某事inform sb.that/how/when,etc.通知通知/告知某人告知某人keep sb.informed 随时告知某人随时告知某人be informed of/about 对对的情况了解的情况了解Ill leave it to you to _ him _ our plan.把我们的计划通知他，这事就交给你了。把我们的计划通知他，这事就交给你了。Can you inform me where he lives?你能告诉我他住在哪儿吗你能告诉我他住在哪儿吗?Please keep me informed if anything unusual happens.如果发生什么不寻常的事情，请随时告诉我。如果发生什么不寻常的事情，请随时告诉我。informof【想一想想一想】inform不可以直接带双宾语，而是借助介词不可以直接带双宾语，而是借助介词of或或about，构成，构成“inform sb.of/about sth.”结构。有相似用法的结构。有相似用法的词还有哪些？词还有哪些？【参考答案参考答案】accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事控告某人某事convince sb.of sth.使某人确信某事使某人确信某事cure sb.of sth.治愈某人某病；矫正某人的不良行为治愈某人某病；矫正某人的不良行为rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物抢劫某人某物 remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事使某人想起某事suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事怀疑某人某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事警告某人某事9.approve vt.&vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意批准，通过；赞成，同意(1)approve sth.批准批准/通过某事通过某事approve of sth./doing sth.赞成赞成(做做)某事某事(2)approval n.批准；赞成批准；赞成 I _ _ your earning some money,but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱我同意你去挣一些钱,可是请不要忽视了功课。可是请不要忽视了功课。The minister approved the building plan.部长批准了该建筑计划。部长批准了该建筑计划。She looked at her son in approval.她赞同地看着她儿子。她赞同地看着她儿子。approve of10.charge n.负责，掌管负责，掌管 vt.使承担责任；收费使承担责任；收费(1)charge sb.(money)for sth.为某事收取某人费用为某事收取某人费用 charge sb.with sth.指控某人指控某人(2)in charge(of)负责负责take charge of 主管，负责主管，负责in/under the charge of 由由负责负责free of charge 免费免费They charged me 20 dollars for a cup of coffee.他们一杯咖啡收我他们一杯咖啡收我20美元。美元。The police charged him with stealing a car.警方指控他偷车。警方指控他偷车。The fridge will be delivered to your house free of charge.冰冰箱会为你免费送上门。箱会为你免费送上门。He was in charge of the project when the manager was away.(句型转换句型转换)The project was _ _ _ _ him when the manager was away.经理不在时他负责这项工程。经理不在时他负责这项工程。in/under the charge of【熟词生义熟词生义】读句子猜含义读句子猜含义My mobile phone needs charging every other day.()充电充电11.select vt.选择，挑选选择，挑选select.as.选中选中担任担任/作为作为select.from/among.从从中挑选中挑选select sb.to do sth.选中某人做某事选中某人做某事They were selected from many applicants.他们是从许多报名者当中选出来的。他们是从许多报名者当中选出来的。We selected him as the team leader.我们选他当队长。我们选他当队长。She selected a diamond ring from the collection.她从收藏品中挑选了一枚钻石戒指。她从收藏品中挑选了一枚钻石戒指。Who has _ _ _ take part in the project?挑谁来参与这项计划挑谁来参与这项计划?been selected to【高考链接高考链接】(2011湖湖南南高高考考)The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A.selecting B.to selectC.selected D.having selected【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：这这些些从从全全国国挑挑选选出出来来的的选选手手都都被被期期待待在在这这次次夏夏季季赛赛事事中中为为我我们们带带来来荣荣誉誉。the players与与select之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。