牛津高中英语模块一unit2Grammarandusage000001.pptx

英语课件英语课件牛津版牛津版高一模块一高一模块一Unit2Grammarandusage1.Helpstudentsknowmoreaboutattributiveclauses.2.Helpstudentsknowtheattributiveclausesintroducedby“preposition+which/whom”.3.Helpstudentsknowhowtousetherelativeadverbstobegintheattributiveclauses.Learninggoals1.Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep.+which2.Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep.+whomAttributiveclausesintroducedby“preposition+which/whom”Whatarethepictureusedfor?Theyarepicturesfromwhichyoucanknowmoreaboutthegrowing painsinUnittwo.Look!HereisamapfromwhichwecanknowmoreaboutChina.Whatisthis?Itisawonderfulsceneryfromwhichwecanknowmuchaboutthemountains.Lookatthem.Theylovestheirkidsomuch.ButIdontliketheway(inwhich/that/-)theytreattheirkid.关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当中，当介词前置时介词前置时，只能用，只能用whom指人，指人，which指物指物；但如；但如果果介词后置介词后置，则不受这，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：口语中。如：介词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1.Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking?2.Doyouknowtheboy(that)shewastalkingto?3.Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.3.介词的选用原则介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。配来决定。如：如：ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8 yuan.spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配为固定搭配paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配为固定搭配2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：如：IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere.强调在具体某一天要用介词强调在具体某一天要用介词on强调在某几天时间内要用介词强调在某几天时间内要用介词during在在month前介词要用前介词要用in3)根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。系。Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?4)根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配。CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImnotsure？4.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.这是我正在找的手表。这是我正在找的手表。ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.正正误误Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.正正误误5.以以theway为先行词的限制性定语从为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由句通常由inwhich或或that引导，而且引导，而且通常可以省略。通常可以省略。如：如：Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。Idontliketheway(that/inwhich/-)youlaughather.我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。6.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前或后还可有前或后还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。等代词或者数词。如：如：Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。都很好。Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhich(=ofwhichsome)havegonebad.篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom(=ofwhommost)arefrombigcities.我们班总共有我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大个学生，大多数来自大城市。城市。Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhich(=ofwhichthree)areaboutcountrylife.迄今为止，他写了迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中部小说，其中部是关于农村生活的。部是关于农村生活的。高考链接高考链接介词加关系代词引导的定语从句1.Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich2.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,_hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis简析：简析：题题1:theplace在定语从句中作在定语从句中作tobebuilt的地点状语，此处的的地点状语，此处的atwhich相当于相当于where;后面是表语从句，表示建在某地。后面是表语从句，表示建在某地。题题2:表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥深造，故选深造，故选C。3.Ihavemanyfriends,_somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom4.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich5.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,_wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich6.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which题题3、4、5、6考查考生对考查考生对“介词介词+关关系代词系代词”引导的定语从句的掌握及其引导的定语从句的掌握及其灵活运用情况。灵活运用情况。1.Doyoulikethebook_shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10?onwhichUseproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks.forwhichPracticetwo3.Doyoulikethebook_shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_sheoftentalks?5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.fromwhichaboutwhichofwhich6.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.7.Thisisthebook_Iamlookingfor.towhomwhichChoosethebestanswer.1.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom2.TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewYearspartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich3.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,_fivearemine.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich4.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhichMatcheachsentencewithanending.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._cdbaehfgCompleteeachsentenceusinganattributiveclause.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._(which)IknowverylittleaboutinwhichIboughtmyfavoritedressaboutwhichItoldyouaboutlastweekFromwhomIgotthecupFromwhowelearnhowtowritewithbrushesTheattributiveclauseintroducedbywhen,whereandwhy.Look!Whatdayisittoday?Whyaretheygettingtogetheragain?TodayisMarch,12thwhenpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!-Whereisit?-Itisthebasketballcourt.Itisaplacewherewecanplaybasketballindoors.-ThatisMrs.Greenandshehasaskedforaleaveforhergivingabirthtoherkid.-Thatisthereasonwhyshedoesntcometoworkasusual.1.定语从句中关系副词有：定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when作时间状语；作时间状语；where作地点状语；作地点状语；why作原因状语。如：作原因状语。如：定语从句中关系副词的用法定语从句中关系副词的用法Herememberthedaywhenhisfatherdied.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作时间状语，意为作时间状语，意为onthedaywhere作地点状语，意为作地点状语，意为intheplacewhy作原因状语，意为作原因状语，意为forthereason3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用词时都用when,where,why，若先行词，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用宾语，就必须用which或或that。如：如：Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.which在定语从句中作宾语在定语从句中作宾语比较比较:Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.比较比较:Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.4.关系副词关系副词when,where和和why也可用也可用“介介词词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。when相当于相当于“at/in/during+which”where相当于相当于“in/at/on+which”why相当于相当于“for+which”如：如：Isthisthedaywhen/onwhichIvisitedthemuseum?Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfindit.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidntcometothemeeting.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.句中句中when相当于相当于onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：如：ThisistheroomwhereLuXunoncelived.句中句中when相当于相当于inwhichDetailedexplanationWhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：如：why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于于“介词介词for+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：如：Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate?Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.思考思考是否所有的介词是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系关系代词都能用关系副词代替副词代替?1.Thepainting(_Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.2.Thebook(_Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.atwhichaboutwhich3.Thepen(_)shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseeninamuseum.4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_)flowersareseenalltheyearround.5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_)thegreatwriterusedtolive.withwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhich6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(_Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.结论：只有当结论：只有当“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”充当地充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。关系副词代替。onwhich/whenduringwhich注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句中的关系：中的关系：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”在从句中作状语相在从句中作状语相当于一个关系副词。当于一个关系副词。如：如：王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。这个句子有以下三种表达方式：这个句子有以下三种表达方式：Thefactorythat/whichMr.Wangworksinisashoeone.ThefactoryinwhichMr.Wangworksisashoeone.ThefactorywhereMr.Wangworksisashoeone.他将永远记住他入团的那天。他将永远记住他入团的那天。1.Hewillforeverrememberthedaythat/whichhejoinedtheLeagueon.2.HewillforeverrememberthedayonwhichhejoinedtheLeague.3.HewillforeverrememberthedaywhenhejoinedtheLeague.考点点拨考点点拨,考例回顾考例回顾1.Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.(P28)考点考点在定语从句中，如果先行词是人，在定语从句中，如果先行词是人，介词后面的关系代词用介词后面的关系代词用whom。介词。介词+whom在定语从句中作状语。在定语从句中作状语。考例考例1Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous_wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich点拨点拨句意：我们看到几个当地人朝我句意：我们看到几个当地人朝我们走来，其中一个人来到我们面前，我们走来，其中一个人来到我们面前，我们给了他一些铃铛和杯子。该句先行词们给了他一些铃铛和杯子。该句先行词是是oneofthem，定语从句和先行词被谓，定语从句和先行词被谓语语cameuptous隔开，根据短语隔开，根据短语givesth.tosb.，此处应用，此处应用towhom来引导定语从来引导定语从句。句。考例考例2Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom点拨点拨该句先行词是该句先行词是someone，talkabout意为意为“谈论、谈到谈论、谈到”；talkwith意为意为“和和谈话谈话”，根据句意，应为，根据句意，应为talkwithsomeone，故选，故选D。2.ThisistheshopinwhichIboughtmyfavouritedress.(P29)考点考点在定语从句中，如果先行词是物，在定语从句中，如果先行词是物，介词后面的关系代词用介词后面的关系代词用which。介词。介词+which在定语从句中作状语，可表示时间、在定语从句中作状语，可表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。地点、原因、方式等。考例考例1Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes_peoplewereeatenbythetiger.A.inwhich B.bywhichC.whichD.that点拨点拨句意：很多看过这部电影的人，当句意：很多看过这部电影的人，当回想起人被老虎吃掉的情景时，就不敢去回想起人被老虎吃掉的情景时，就不敢去森林了。分析句意可知，森林了。分析句意可知，“人被老虎吃掉人被老虎吃掉的情景的情景”出现在电影画面里，即出现在电影画面里，即inthescenes,故选故选A。考例考例2Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_theycanbecontrolledonpurposeA.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich点拨点拨句意：人与动物面部表情的区别句意：人与动物面部表情的区别在于有意控制的程度。该句先行词是在于有意控制的程度。该句先行词是thedegree，degree前面的介词一般用前面的介词一般用to，意为，意为“到到程度程度”，所以此处应，所以此处应选选B。3.Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed.考点考点当先行词具有当先行词具有“地点地点”意义时，意义时，可考虑用关系副词可考虑用关系副词where来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。where在从句中作地点状语。在从句中作地点状语。考例考例1Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,_theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.thenB.thereC.while D.where点拨点拨这是一个定语从句，先行词是这是一个定语从句，先行词是adaycarecenter，表示地点，故选，表示地点，故选where。考例考例2Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.when B.whichC.thatD.where点拨点拨该句先行词是该句先行词是Thevillage，定语从，定语从句和先行词被谓语句和先行词被谓语hasdevelopedalot隔隔开，从句中缺地点状语，故选开，从句中缺地点状语，故选where。1.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who即学即练即学即练2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when 3.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where4.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained5.Therewas_time_Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a,thatB.a,whenC.the,thatD.the,when6.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_manypeoplehavegothome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhich7.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose8.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom9.TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewYearspartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich10.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,_fivearemine.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich1.Istillremembertheday_Icamehere.2.Istillremembertheday_Icamehere.3.Istillremembertheday_wespenttogether.onwhichwhen(which/that)Finishthefollowingexercises.1.Iwenttotheplace_weworkedtenyearsago.2.Iwenttotheplace_weworkedtenyearsago.3.Iwenttotheplace_wevisitedtenyearsago.inwhichwhere(which/that)1.This is the reason _hewaslate.2.Thisisthereason_heexplainedtome.3.Thisisthereason_canexplainhisbeinglate.why/forwhichwhich/thatwhich/thatFillintheblanksusingthewordsandphrasesonpage31.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._6._why/forwhichwhen/inwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/onwhich