高三英语二轮复习第6模块专题三其他文体型阅读简答湘教版.pptx

专题三专题三 其他文体型阅读简答其他文体型阅读简答 专题三其他文体型阅读简答专题三其他文体型阅读简答 专题导读专题导读专题三专题三 专题导读专题导读 阅读简答题选取的材料还有议论文和新闻报道两种。其阅读简答题选取的材料还有议论文和新闻报道两种。其中所选取的议论文通常有两类：一是先分析人们习以为常的中所选取的议论文通常有两类：一是先分析人们习以为常的现象，指出其中的谬误，然后阐述自己的观点；二是开门见现象，指出其中的谬误，然后阐述自己的观点；二是开门见山地点明要阐述的观点，然后通过类比等手段来证明该观点。山地点明要阐述的观点，然后通过类比等手段来证明该观点。掌握议论文特点，把握好作者在文章中阐述的观点有利于快掌握议论文特点，把握好作者在文章中阐述的观点有利于快速把握全文脉络，准确找到有效答题的信息句。速把握全文脉络，准确找到有效答题的信息句。时事新闻类阅读材料往往语言地道、内容新颖。新闻阅时事新闻类阅读材料往往语言地道、内容新颖。新闻阅读材料都由标题读材料都由标题(Headlines)(Headlines)、导语、导语(Introductions)(Introductions)、背景、背景(Background)(Background)、主体、主体(Main body)(Main body)和结尾和结尾(Ends)(Ends)五部分构成。五部分构成。时事新闻类文章主题鲜明，文章首句或首段往往就是对整篇时事新闻类文章主题鲜明，文章首句或首段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。阅读文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。阅读专题三专题三 专题导读专题导读 时，要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题善于找到相关句子并能时，要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题善于找到相关句子并能分析理解长难句，从而在归纳、概括、推理的基础上准确谴分析理解长难句，从而在归纳、概括、推理的基础上准确谴词组句作答。词组句作答。真题典例真题典例专题三专题三 真题典例真题典例 2007 2007湖南卷湖南卷 The north magnetic pole(The north magnetic pole(磁极磁极)is no longer a)is no longer a resident of Canada.It has drifted across the resident of Canada.It has drifted across the Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.Not to be confused with the geographic North Not to be confused with the geographic North Polethe northern extremity of the Earths axis(Polethe northern extremity of the Earths axis(地地轴轴)，the north magnetic pole(where the Earths the north magnetic pole(where the Earths magnetic field is directed downward)is moving due magnetic field is directed downward)is moving due to natural changes in the Earths magnetic field,a to natural changes in the Earths magnetic field,a process that originates about 3,000 kilometers process that originates about 3,000 kilometers below our feet,in the outer core(below our feet,in the outer core(核心核心)of the)of the planet.But scientists are now noticing that the planet.But scientists are now noticing that the magneticmagnetic专题三专题三 真题典例真题典例 pole has picked up its pace.pole has picked up its pace.Over the past century,the pole has been Over the past century,the pole has been migrating at an average speed of about 10 kilometers migrating at an average speed of about 10 kilometers per year,says Larry Newitt,head of Geomagnetic per year,says Larry Newitt,head of Geomagnetic Laboratory at Natural Resources Canada in Ottawa.Laboratory at Natural Resources Canada in Ottawa.Since the 1970s,this speed has increased to about Since the 1970s,this speed has increased to about 50 kilometers per year.50 kilometers per year.Scientists are wondering why the speed is Scientists are wondering why the speed is increasing,says Newitt.One hypothesis(increasing,says Newitt.One hypothesis(假说假说)relates it to“magnetic jerks”relates it to“magnetic jerks”，sudden shifts(sudden shifts(变变化化)in the rate of change of the magnetic field.)in the rate of change of the magnetic field.There have been three jerks in the past four There have been three jerks in the past four decades,each one correlating to an increase in decades,each one correlating to an increase in speed.speed.专题三专题三 真题典例真题典例 If the north magnetic pole continues at its If the north magnetic pole continues at its current rate,it could reach Siberia by 2056.current rate,it could reach Siberia by 2056.“For most of recorded history,the pole has been “For most of recorded history,the pole has been a part of Canada,and now its nota part of Canada,and now its not，”says Newitt.says Newitt.“It may be a blow to our collective psyche,but“It may be a blow to our collective psyche,but other than that,it doesnt have a major effect on other than that,it doesnt have a major effect on most peoples existence.”most peoples existence.”1 1Find in the passage a word closest in meaning Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word“angling”.to the underlined word“angling”._专题三专题三 真题典例真题典例 2 2What could happen to the north magnetic pole What could happen to the north magnetic pole by the middle of the 21st century?(by the middle of the 21st century?(回答词数不超过回答词数不超过8 8个个)_ 3 3What is the main idea of the passage?(What is the main idea of the passage?(回答词数回答词数不超过不超过8 8个个)_专题三专题三 真题典例真题典例 【解析解析】本文为新闻报道。报道北磁极向西伯利亚方向移动的原本文为新闻报道。报道北磁极向西伯利亚方向移动的原因、移动的速度及其影响。因、移动的速度及其影响。1 1Moving/Migrating.Moving/Migrating.通过理解画线词通过理解画线词“angling”angling”所在的句子所在的句子It has drifted across the It has drifted across the Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.可可判断其关键词是判断其关键词是“It(It(The north magnetic pole)”The north magnetic pole)”与与“Siberia”Siberia”，即：北磁极正朝西伯利亚方向，即：北磁极正朝西伯利亚方向“angling”angling”；再根据再根据“The north magnetic pole”The north magnetic pole”不难在第二段找到信不难在第二段找到信息句息句the north magnetic pole is moving due to natural the north magnetic pole is moving due to natural changes in the Earths magnetic fieldchanges in the Earths magnetic field和第三段找到和第三段找到the pole has been migrating at an average speed of the pole has been migrating at an average speed of about 10 kilometers per yearabout 10 kilometers per year，从而判断答案为，从而判断答案为“MovingMoving或或Migrating”Migrating”。专题三专题三 真题典例真题典例 2 2It could reach Siberia.It could reach Siberia.抓住关键词抓住关键词“the the middle of the 21st century”middle of the 21st century”可在倒数第二段找到信息句可在倒数第二段找到信息句If the north magnetic pole continues at its current If the north magnetic pole continues at its current rate,it could reach Siberia by 2056.rate,it could reach Siberia by 2056.从而可以判断作从而可以判断作答。答。3 3The north magnetic pole is moving faster.The north magnetic pole is moving faster.全全文主题句为首段中的文主题句为首段中的It has drifted across the Canadian It has drifted across the Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.由下文语义由下文语义逻辑关系可以推断逻辑关系可以推断anglingangling即为即为“移动移动”之意，再结合全文之意，再结合全文内容稍加归纳即可作答。内容稍加归纳即可作答。新题预测新题预测专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 (一一)Meeting people from another culture can be Meeting people from another culture can be difficult.From the beginning,people may send the difficult.From the beginning,people may send the wrong signal.Or they may pay no attention to wrong signal.Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.a relationship.Different cultures emphasize the importance of Different cultures emphasize the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree.relationship building to a greater or lesser degree.For example,business in some countries is not For example,business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust.possible until there is a relationship of trust.Even with people at work,it is necessary to spend a Even with people at work,it is necessary to spend a lot of time in“small talk”lot of time in“small talk”，usually over a glassusually over a glass专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 of tea,before they do any job.In many European of tea,before they do any job.In many European countries like the UK or Francepeople find it countries like the UK or Francepeople find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.Talk and silence may also be different in some Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures.I once made a speech in Thailand.I had cultures.I once made a speech in Thailand.I had expected my speech to be a success and start a expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion;instead there was an lively discussion;instead there was an uncomfortable silence.The people present just uncomfortable silence.The people present just stared at me and smiled.After getting to know their stared at me and smiled.After getting to know their ways better,I realized that they thought I was ways better,I realized that they thought I was talking too much.In my own culture,we express talking too much.In my own culture,we express meaning mainly through words,but people there meaning mainly through words,but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 Even within Northern Europe,cultural Even within Northern Europe,cultural differences can cause serious problems.Certainly,differences can cause serious problems.Certainly,English and German cultures share similar values;English and German cultures share similar values;however,Germans prefer to get down to business more however,Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly.We think that they are rude.In fact,this quickly.We think that they are rude.In fact,this is just because one culture starts discussions and is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.makes decisions more quickly.People from different parts of the world have People from different parts of the world have different values,and sometimes these values are different values,and sometimes these values are quite against each other.However,if we can quite against each other.However,if we can understand them better,a multicultural environment understand them better,a multicultural environment will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.each other.专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 1 1What is a good way to develop better working What is a good way to develop better working relations in France?(No more than 4 words)relations in France?(No more than 4 words)_ 2 2Why did the author mention his experience in Why did the author mention his experience in Thailand?(No more than 10 words)Thailand?(No more than 10 words)_ 3 3How can people from different cultures How can people from different cultures understand each other better according to the text?understand each other better according to the text?(No more than 4 words)(No more than 4 words)_ 4 4What would be the best title for the text?What would be the best title for the text?(No more than 2 words)(No more than 2 words)_专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 【解析解析】1 1Eating together at restaurants/cafes.Eating together at restaurants/cafes.根据第二段根据第二段In many European countries like the UK or In many European countries like the UK or Francepeople find it easier to build up a lasting Francepeople find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.than at the office.可判断作答。可判断作答。2 2To show even talk and silence can be culturally To show even talk and silence can be culturally different.different.第三段开头提出第三段开头提出Talk and silence may also Talk and silence may also be different in some culturesbe different in some cultures，而后以自己的经历为例子，而后以自己的经历为例子来说明，由此可判断作答。来说明，由此可判断作答。3 3By recognizing/understanding different values.By recognizing/understanding different values.根据最后一段根据最后一段if we can understand them better,a if we can understand them better,a multicultural environment will offer a wonderful multicultural environment will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each otherchance for us to learn from each other可判断作答。可判断作答。4 4Crosscultural differences.Crosscultural differences.综合全文可判断作答。综合全文可判断作答。专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 (二二)JACKSONVILLE,Fla,Nov.10A 14yearold boy was JACKSONVILLE,Fla,Nov.10A 14yearold boy was arrested today after the rotten body of an arrested today after the rotten body of an 8yearold girl who was his neighbor was found in 8yearold girl who was his neighbor was found in his bedroom.She had been stabbed(his bedroom.She had been stabbed(刺伤刺伤)and beaten.)and beaten.The boy,Joshua Earl Patrick Philips,admitted The boy,Joshua Earl Patrick Philips,admitted and was charged with murder in the death of the and was charged with murder in the death of the girl,Maddie Clifton,who disappeared on Nov.3,girl,Maddie Clifton,who disappeared on Nov.3,Sherriff Nat Glover said.Sherriff Nat Glover said.Joshua,who has no criminal record,would not be Joshua,who has no criminal record,would not be eligible(eligible(合格的合格的)for the death punishment because)for the death punishment because of his age.Detectives discovered a knife and a of his age.Detectives discovered a knife and a baseball bat believed to be the weapons(baseball bat believed to be the weapons(武器武器)used)used to kill the girl,Sherriff said.to kill the girl,Sherriff said.专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 The girl had been stabbed at least nine times and The girl had been stabbed at least nine times and was struck in the head.Sheriff Glover said at the was struck in the head.Sheriff Glover said at the conference.The authorities did not say whether she conference.The authorities did not say whether she had been attacked sexually,nor did they give motive had been attacked sexually,nor did they give motive for the attack.for the attack.The boys mother,Melissa Phillips,grew The boys mother,Melissa Phillips,grew suspicious for the police searched her home on suspicious for the police searched her home on Monday and detected an odor(Monday and detected an odor(气味气味),Sherriff said.),Sherriff said.This morning she pulled aside the frame of the bed,This morning she pulled aside the frame of the bed,saw a childs foot and called an officer,she said.saw a childs foot and called an officer,she said.Maddies body was found under a sheet of wood Maddies body was found under a sheet of wood supporting the frame of the water bed,which was supporting the frame of the water bed,which was filled,Sheriff Glover said,adding,“He put her filled,Sheriff Glover said,adding,“He put her under the bed and taped her up in it.”under the bed and taped her up in it.”专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 Investigators believe the thirdgrader was killed Investigators believe the thirdgrader was killed in the boys house shortly after she disappeared in the boys house shortly after she disappeared last Tuesday,touching off a widespread search.last Tuesday,touching off a widespread search.On Friday,Maddies parents,Steve and Shelia On Friday,Maddies parents,Steve and Shelia Clifton,made an earnest request for her return.Clifton,made an earnest request for her return.The boys house,like others in the The boys house,like others in the neighborhood,had been searched three times.During neighborhood,had been searched three times.During the third search on Monday,the mother has at first the third search on Monday,the mother has at first said she thought the odor came from family pets.said she thought the odor came from family pets.Hundreds of volunteers had sent thousands of Hundreds of volunteers had sent thousands of leaflets with Maddies picture since she leaflets with Maddies picture since she disappeared that evening,about 30 minutes after she disappeared that evening,about 30 minutes after she went out to play with friends.went out to play with friends.专题三专题三 新题预测新题预测 The girls house is one of the wellkept,The girls house is one of the wellkept,singlefamily homes in the older workingclass of singlefamily homes in the older workingclass of Jacksonville.Yellow ribbons(Jacksonville.Yellow ribbons(丝带丝带)still hung from)still hung f