汉语口语速成入门篇.pptx

汉语口语速成 入门篇 上第一课 你好语音1.声母 Initialsbpm fdtnlgkhJqxz cszh ch sh r第一课 你好语音2.韵母Finalsa oeiu ai eiaoouanenangeng ongiaieiaoiou(iu)ian iniang ingionguauouaiuei(ui)uan uen(un)uanguenge an ner第一课 你好语音汉语语音和四声(Chinese syllables and tones)p c s b hbi zo mn xun bio hu rn shu cu li yn fng tng fng第一课 你好语音汉语音节和四声（Chinese syllables and tones）bbbbfifififi巴拔把爸飞肥匪费lilililisusususu溜刘柳六虽随髓岁mmmmtng tng tng咪弥米密听停挺第一课 你好生词1.你 nyou 2.好howell;good 你好 n haohow do you donho nho3.您nnyou(polite expression)4.你们nmen(neutral tone)you(plural)5.谢谢xixie(neutral tone)to thank6.老师loshteacher第一课 你好生词7.不bnot8.客气kqipolite;courteous9.不客气b kqidont mention itb kqib kqib tngb sunb gn b jngb xub tinb wn b wn b xib kb x b bib sunb lb jin b sn第一课 你好-生词10.对不起dubuqI am sorry.11.没关系mi gunxi dont mention it.12.再见zijingood-bye13.请qngplease14.进jnto enter15.坐zuto sit16.听tngto listen第一课 你好生词17.说shuto say18.读dto read19.写xito write第一课 Lesson One 你好你好语音注释Phonetics Explanation声母和韵母 Initials and finals汉语的音节绝大多数由声母和韵母组成。音节开头的辅音叫声母，其余部分叫韵母。A Chinese syllable is usually composed of an initial and a final.The former is a consonant that begins the syllable and the letter is the rest of the syllable.声调 Tones声调是音节的音高变化。汉语普通话有四个基本声调，分别为第一声()、第二声()、第三声()、第四声()。声调不同，意思不一样。Tones are changes of pitch of syllables.In the standard Chinese there are four basic tones,represented respectively by the following tone-graphs:the first tone(),the second tone(),the third tone()and the fourth tone().When a syllable is pronounced in different tones,it has different meanings.轻声 Neutral tone普通话里有一些音节在一定条件下失去原调，读得又轻又短，叫做轻声。轻声不标调号。例如：xixie,b kqi。In standard Chinese pronunciation,there are a number of syllables that lose their original tones and are pronounced soft and short.This is known as the neutral tone which is identified by the absence of a tone mark,e.g.“xixie,b kqi”.Initialsb p m f d t n lg k h j q x z c szh ch sh rFinalsaoeeri-i(zi)-i(zhi)uaieiaoouanenangengongiaieiaoiou(iu)ianiniangingionguauouaiuei(ui)uanuen(un)uanguengeann声母 Initialsb p m f d t n l韵母 Finalsa o e i u er语音 Phoneticsaoeiubbabobibuppapopipummamomemimuffafofuddadediduttatetitunnaneninunllalelilul拼音 Spelling辨声母 Initial Discriminationb-p d-t n-lm-f b-p m-fn-l d-t b-p辨韵母Final Discrimination m-m b-b f-fp-p t-t l-ld-d m-m n-n辨调 Tone Discriminationb-b m-m p-pt-t n-n l-ld-d f-f读下列音节（第一声+一、二、三、四及轻声）Read out the following syllables1st+1st:fyn 发音 fij 飞机1st+2nd:hunyng 欢迎 bngmng 帮忙1st+3rd:gngb 钢笔 hibn黑板1st+4th:goxng 高兴 shngdio声调1st+the neutral tone:mma妈妈 shngliang商量生词 New Words你（代 pronoun）n you好（形 adj.）ho well;good 您（代 pronoun）nn you(polite)你们（代 pronoun）nmen you(plural)老师（名 noun）losh teacher 谢谢（动 verb）xixie to thank不 （副 adv.）b not生词 New Words客气（形adj.）kqi polite;courteous 不客气 b kqi Dont mention it;Youre welcome.对不起 dubuq I am sorry.没关系 mi gunxi Dont mention it.再见 （动verb）zijin good-bye生词 New Words请（动verb）qng please进（动verb）jn to enter坐（动verb）zu to sit 听（动verb）tng to listen 说（动verb）shu to say读（动verb）d to read写（动verb）xi to write 课文 Text1.A:N ho.nn n 你 好。您 你 B:N ho.Nmen losh 你 好。你们 老师2.A:xixie.谢谢。B:B kqi.不 客气。课文 Text3.A:Dubuq.对不起。B:Mi gunxi.没 关系。4.A:Zijin.再见。B:Zijin.再见。课文 Text5.Qng jn.zu tng shu d xi 请 进。坐 听 说 读 写注释 Notes(1)你好。日常问候语。任何时间、任何场合以及任何身份的人都可以使用。对方的回答也应是“你好”。It is a common greeting.It may be used anywhere,at any time and by anybody.The answer to it from the person addressed to is also“你好”.课文 Text(2)您 “您”是“你”的敬称。“您”is a polite expression of“你”.