牛津译林版8BUnit4Grammar共43张.pptx

Unit 4 A good readGrammar1.我们的船撞到岩石后，我尽力游远些。我们的船撞到岩石后，我尽力游远些。2.当我最终感觉到脚下陆地的时候，我筋疲当我最终感觉到脚下陆地的时候，我筋疲力尽了。力尽了。3.我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。Afterourshipcrashedagainsttherocks,IswamasfarasIcould.BythetimeIfinallyfeltthelandundermyfeet,Iwastiredout.Myarms,legsandhairweretiedtotheground.4.他和我的小手指一样大。他和我的小手指一样大。5.这噪音使他们都摔倒了。这噪音使他们都摔倒了。6.他们继续在我的身上走来走去。他们继续在我的身上走来走去。7.我也不知道说什么。我也不知道说什么。Hewasthesamesizeasmylittlefinger.Thenoisemadethemallfallover.Theycontinuedmovingacrossmybody.Ididnotknowwhattosayeither.Wordsandphrasesreviewvi.交；递，给交；递，给上交，递交上交，递交等等等等n.评论评论vt.归还归还准时准时vt.续借；更新；重新开始续借；更新；重新开始handhandinandsoonreviewreturnontimerenewCouldGullivercommunicatewiththetinyman?Whynot?-No,hecouldnt.-Becausehecouldntunderstandhimanddidntknowwhattosayeither.一些动词后，可以接一些动词后，可以接wh-特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+todosth作宾语，如：作宾语，如：what,which,who,whose,when,where,how等，等，注意：注意：why不可以用于该结构不可以用于该结构。Usingquestionwords+to-infinitivese.g.Milliehasdecidedwhattoread.Danieldidnotsaywhototalktoaboutthisbook.Simonforgotwhentomeethisfriends.Kittycannotdecidewhichtochoosefirst.Sandyiswonderingwheretoaskforhelp.Amydoesnotknowhowtowritethereport.“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构作动词的宾结构作动词的宾语语。疑问词包括。疑问词包括疑问代词疑问代词who,what,which;疑问副词疑问副词when,how,where等等.wonder想知道想知道explain解释解释explainsthtosb.常和常和“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构结构连用的连用的动词和动词短语有动词和动词短语有:advise,ask,decide,discuss,find out,forget,know,tell,learn,remember,say,show,teach,think,understand,wonder,explainAndydoesntknow_.whattowearMilliecantdecide_.whichbooktobuyTheydontknow_tothestation.howtogoHedoesntknow_.他不知道怎样处理这些垃圾。他不知道怎样处理这些垃圾。Idontknow_.我不知道说什么。我不知道说什么。Wewanttolearn_plays.我们想要学习如何写剧本。我们想要学习如何写剧本。whattodowiththerubbishwhattosayhowtowriteTheteachertoldthestudents_thedifficultproblem.老师告诉学生如何解决这道难题。老师告诉学生如何解决这道难题。Canyoushow_apaperboat?你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？有些动词，如有些动词，如advise,ask,show,teach,tell等，其后可以接双宾语。等，其后可以接双宾语。howtosolvemehowtomakeMrWuadviseduswhichtochooseasafter-schoolactivities.Thestudentsaskedtheirteacherwhentohandintheirwork.Millieshoweduswhattodonext.Danieltaughthimselfhowtouseacomputertodraw.Dontforgettotellyourmumwheretomeetyou.V+宾语宾语+疑问词疑问词+to do有些疑问词，如有些疑问词，如what,which,whose,howmany,howmuch等，其后可以等，其后可以先接一个名先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。词，再接动词不定式。我不知道选哪个话题。我不知道选哪个话题。I dont know which topic to choose.Theyarediscussingwhichcolortopaintthewalls.Youcanaskyourparentshowmuchmoneytotakewithyou.V+疑问词疑问词+n+to dowhatwhichwhosehow many/how mucheg:我们还没决定住哪个房间。Wehaventdecidedwhichroomtolivein.他们在讨论暑假去几个地方游玩。Theyarediscussinghowmanyplacestovisitinthesummerholiday.在在“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构前，结构前，有时有时也可以是形容词，如也可以是形容词，如sure,clear等。等。我不确定走哪条路。我不确定走哪条路。I am not sure which way to take.Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow?eg:1.我不确定怎样照顾电子狗。我不确定怎样照顾电子狗。2.你清楚下一步该做什么吗？你清楚下一步该做什么吗？Imnotsurehowtolookafterane-dog.Areyouclearwhattodonext?adj+疑问词疑问词+to do“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构在句中还可结构在句中还可以以作主语和表语。作主语和表语。Howtousethemachineisaquestion.（作主语）（作主语）Thequestioniswhentogothere.（作表语）（作表语）“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”作宾语时，相当作宾语时，相当于于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。Excuseme.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?=Excuseme.Canyoutellme_thebookshop?注意：注意：所有疑问词中，只有所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不不可以与动词不定式连用。定式连用。howIcangetto All question words can be used in this way,except“why”Suzy will explain why to recommend this book.Suzy will explain why she recommends this book.IwanttointroduceGullivers Travels.The book is about Gullivers trips in some strange countries.A lot of amazing things happened to him.And he also had a lot of difficulty.Its exciting and interesting.Hedidntknowwherehecouldfindotherpeople.wheretofindotherpeopleHedidntknowhowhecouldbreaktheropes.howtobreaktheropesHewonderedwhohecouldaskforhelp.whotoaskforhelpAtlast,hefoundoutwhathecoulddowiththetinymen.AndhedecidedwhenheshouldleaveLilliput.whentoleaveLilliputwhattodowiththetinymenLets work out the rules1.动词+疑问词+to do2.动词+宾语+疑问词+to do3.动词+疑问词+名词+to do4.形容词+疑问词+to do Amy:MrWuhasrecommendedsomanyinterestingbooks.Haveyoudecided_first,Daniel?Daniel:Yes.IwanttoreadBlackBeautyfirst.ButIdontknow_thebookfirst.Amy:YoucantryourschoollibraryorSunshineLibrary.Oh,didyouknowPeterisreadingAroundtheWorldinEightyDays?Hewantstofindout_aroundtheworldinsuchashorttime.whichtoreadwheretofindtravelhowtohowwhatwhenwhere whichwhoask for find hand in readtravel write aboutDaniel:Wow,thatsamazing!Bytheway,canyoutellme_ourbookreport?Amy:BeforenextFriday.Imstillnotsure_inthereport.Daniel:Youcanwriteanythingaboutyourbookwhatthebookisabout,whatyouthinkofitandsoon.Youshouldreadsomereviewsaboutthebookbeforewriting.Amy:Thankyou.Anyway,Iknow_helpwithwriting.MrWuisalwaystheretohelp.whowhat whenask for hand in write aboutwhentohandinwhattowriteaboutwhotoaskfor1.向我们推荐如此多有趣的书2.区别 find out 与 find e.g.1)-Have you _ your watch?-Not yet.2)The teacher wanted to _ who broke the window.3.在如此短的时间内4.上交你们的作业 把它交上来5.等等 recommend so many interesting books to usfind out 查明，查明，弄明白弄明白;find 找到找到in such a short time hand in your homework=hand your homework in hand it inand so on find outfound6.看一些有关这本书的评论e.g.1)Why dont you read some film _ after _ it?2)The _ of the play was written by a famous writer.7.向吴老师寻求写作方面的帮助read some reviews about the bookreviewsseeingreview可数名词：评论可数名词：评论;也可作动词：复习也可作动词：复习(=goover)e.g.Thestudentsarebusy_foratest.reviewingask Mr.Wu for help with writingreviewWish you to read more and get moreEnjoy reading,enjoy your lifeBe more knowledgeable,Be happier!1.“Imustrunawayfromthem,”Gulliverthought.2.Ihavetousethemtoreachtheboxonthefridge.3.Youmustnotsmokeinthelibrary.4.Wedonothavetogotoschoolatweekends.=donotneedtomust 表示“有义务”，“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要”。e.g.你今天必须完成家庭作业。Youmustfinishyourhomeworktoday.must的否定形式mustnt,表示禁止:“不准”。e.g.课堂上你们不许发出噪音。Youmustntmakeanynoiseinclass.haveto表示一种客观的需要，“不得不”。有人称和数的变化。e.g.天快黑了，他现在得回家了。Itisgettingdark.Hehastogohomenow.haveto的否定形式donothaveto,相当于neednot/donotneedto.e.g.他们目前没有必要买电脑。Theydonothavetobuyacomputeratthemoment.我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿）Imustworkhardatmylessons.我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需要）Ihavetolookaftermotherathome.Becausesheisill.我们不必等他。他已经离开了。Wedonthavetowaitforhim.Hehasleft.这里禁止游泳。Youmustntswimhere.Moreexamples1.-Mustwefinishalltheexercisestoday?-Yes,you_./No,you_.2.You_throwrubbishontheground.3.Itsgoingtorain.You_waterflowers.4.Simonsnameisonthecoverofthebook.It_behis.It_beyours.mustneedntmustntdont have tomustcant注意:must还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是“一定”。否定的猜测是cant.e.g.走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。Youmustbehungryafterwalkingsuchalongway.eg.那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。ThatcantbeLucy.ShehasgonetotheUSA.Library rules(准则)You(1)keep quiet in the library.You(2)keep the books clean and tidy.You(3)draw or write in the books.You(4)eat of drink in the library.You(5)return the books on time.If you want to keep them longer,you(6)renew them.You(7)bring your student card every time you go to the library,but remember to bring your library card.mustmustmustntmusthave todont have tomustnt1.按时把书还给图书馆2.续借书e.g.If you want to _,you _.如果你想借这些书久一点，你得续借。3.Every time+从句，主句 “每当”e.g.她害怕狗。每次看到狗，她就会跑开。return the book to the library on timerenew bookskeep the books longerhave to renew themre-前缀前缀表示重新表示重新e.g.rebuild；remarry 重建重建再婚再婚 Shes afraid of dogs.Every time she sees a dog,shell run away.完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.Idontknow_(在会上说什么在会上说什么).2.Canyoutellme_(在哪里能买到这本书在哪里能买到这本书)?3.Haveyoudecided_(怎样度假怎样度假)?whattosayatthemeetingwheretobuythisbookhowtospendyourholiday1.Someonehasputaway(收拾，整理收拾，整理)thebooks.You_doit.A.mustntB.needntC.shouldntD.cant2.Itsthelibrary.Soyou_knowshoutingisnotallowedhere.A.canB.mustC.needD.may3.-Canwediscusshere?-No,you_.Youwilldisturbotherpeople.A.mustntB.wontC.dontD.neednt4.-MustIreturnthebooktoday?-No,you_.A.dontB.cantC.mustntD.needntHaveatry1.-Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme_,WangLin?-Sure.A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit2.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_gettothenearestpostoffice?-Sorry,Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan3.-_Iswimhere?-Imsorry.Children_swimalonehere.A.Must;cantB.May;mustC.Can;mustntD.Cant;can4.-Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?-Yes,Imafraidwe_.Thatsthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.needWish you to read more and get moreEnjoy reading,enjoy your lifeBe more knowledgeable,Be happier!