现在完成进行时的用法.doc

现在完成进行时的用法

一、现在完成进行的基本用法
1. 现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止。如：
It has been raining since last Sunday. 自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。
He's been watching television all day. 他看了一天电视了。
2. 现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论。如：
She is very tired. She's been typing letters all day. 她很累了，她整天都在打信件。
Her eyes are red. She has been crying. 她眼睛红了，她一直在哭。
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1. 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作。如：
I have read the book. 我读过这本书。
I have been reading the book. 我一直在读这本书。
【注】有少数动词（如work, study, live, teach, stay等）在表示持续一段时间时用这两种时态含义差不多（只是用现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性）。如：
How long have you worked [been working] here? 你在这儿工作多久了？
I've lived [been living] here since 1988. 自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。
2. 现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。如：
I have waited for two hours. 我等了两小时。（陈述事实）
I have been waiting for two hours. 我等了两个小时。（等得好辛苦）
3. 现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况，若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况，则通常用现在完成时。如：
He has lived in Paris. 他（一直）住在巴黎。
He has been living in Paris. 他（目前）住在巴黎。（表暂时性）
4. 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。如：
I've only known her for two day. 我认识她刚刚两天。
They've been married for twenty years. 他们结婚已二十年了。
The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。
5. 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，若要用可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。如：
The house has been painted for a month. 这房子已漆了一个月。
The problem has been studied for five days. 这个问题已研究了五天。
1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. 
  — I think so. He ________ for it for months. (2008江苏)
A. is preparing  B. was preparing 
C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东)
   A. walks      B. walked    C. has walked     D. had walked
3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建)
   A. saw           B. see           C. had seen        D. have seen
4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007湖南)
   A. studies        B. studied        C. is studying        D. has been studying
5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建)
A. works   B. is working   C. has worked   D. had worked
6. —I have got a headache.
 —No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. (2007江西)
   A. work          B. are working     C. have been working    D. worked
7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. (2007上海)
 A. has fallen     B. had fallen      C. is falling           D. was falling
8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.(北京)
A. had considered      B. has been considering  
C. considered      D. is going to consider
9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet? (2007江苏)
   —Yes. We had a great time there.
    A. Have ; shown    B. Do ; show    C. Had; shown       D. Did; show
10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale.
  —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.
A. painted       B. had painted    C. have been painting    D. have painted
KeyC. 1-5 DCDDC  6-10 CABA C