新圆柱面透镜概述市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

柱面透镜识别与中和l1、视觉像移l怎样操作？l顺动表明什么，逆动表明什么？l轴向怎样定？第1页l2、旋转试验l柱面镜片判别：旋转试验不产生剪刀运动镜片无柱镜成份，产生剪刀运动有柱镜成份l在旋转试验里怎样判断逆剪刀运动还是顺剪刀运动？要注意什么问题？第2页操作2 旋转试验v剪刀运动正柱镜正柱镜，逆剪刀逆剪刀负柱镜负柱镜顺剪刀顺剪刀第3页l要注意：轴向要与垂直线平行。l旋转试验：剪刀运动，正镜逆剪刀运动 负镜顺剪刀运动思索：如轴向与水平线平行能够吗？第4页旋转试验利用v判定球面还是柱面v确定柱镜主子午线第5页Action of a plus cylinderThis is a crossline chart.On the next mouse click you will place a plus cylinder held with its axis VERTICAL in front of the chartNotice that the limbs appear to be in their original positions but that just the vertical limb is magnified in the horizontal meridian.On clockwise rotation of the cylinder,the vertical limb rotates anticlockwise andthe horizontal limb rotates clockwise towards it in a SCISSORS MOVEMENT.Further clockwise rotation of the cylinder,produces further SCISSORS MOVEMENT.Rotating the cylinder back again causes the limbs to,SCISSOR back to their original position.You can emulate the actual movement seen during the rotationtest by RIGHT clicking four times back through this sequence.The cylinder axis can be marked on the lens when it has been rotated tothis position where a continuous appearance of the crosslines is obtained.第6页On the next mouse click you will place a minus cylinderheld with its axis VERTICAL in front of the chartNotice that the limbs appear to be in their original positions butthat just the vertical limb appears minified in the horizontal meridian.Action of a minus cylinderOn clockwise rotation of the cylinder,the vertical limb also rotates clockwise andthe horizontal limb rotates anticlockwise towards it in a SCISSORS MOVEMENT.Further clockwise rotation of the cylinder,produces further SCISSORS MOVEMENT.Rotating the cylinder back again causes the limbs to,SCISSOR back to their original position.You can emulate the actual movement seen during the rotationtest by RIGHT clicking four times back through this sequence.The cylinder axis can be marked on the lens when it has been rotated tothis position where a continuous appearance of the crosslines is obtained.Ophthalmic Lenses&Dispensing第7页圆柱面透镜判别与测量l 圆柱面镜片判别：旋转试验不产生剪刀运动镜片无柱镜成份，产生剪刀运动有柱镜成份。l 第8页中和法测量柱镜度数步骤v视觉像移及旋转试验判断性质和轴向v取性质相反负镜片与待测镜片叠合，注意两镜片轴向一致，光心相重第9页v持叠合镜片再次做旋转试验，依据结果调换镜片，直至没有剪刀运动v依据已知镜片统计未知镜片第10页柱面透镜联合l联合符号有两种：“”和“/”l联合形式有三种：同轴，正交、斜交l用光学十字图表示柱镜组合更简单。第11页光学十字怎样表示+2.00 X 180-2.00 X 90+2.000-2.000第12页l轴向相同两圆柱面透镜，叠合后其轴向不变，其镜度为两圆柱面透镜镜度之和l例：+1.00DC180 +2.00DC180 =+3.00DC180+2.00DC+1.00DC0+0=+3.00DC0第13页l两轴向相同，镜度相反圆柱面透镜叠合后不再有镜度，其光学效果等效于平行玻璃板l+3.00DC180 -3.00DC180=0+3.00DC0+-3.00DC0=0.00DC0第14页l假如轴向相互垂直，结果怎样？第15页光学十字+3.00 X 180-3.00 X 90+3.000-3.000第16页l两轴相互垂直，镜度相同圆柱面透镜叠合，其效果等于一个球面透镜，此球镜镜度与两柱面透镜镜度相同。l+3.00DC180 +3.00DC90=+3.00DS+3.00DC0+0+3.00DC=+3.00DC+3.00DC第17页l一个柱面镜可由一相同镜度球面镜和一个镜度相同但符号相反且轴向垂直柱镜所叠加l+3.00DC90=+3.00DS -3.00DC180 0+3.00DC=+3.00DC+3.00DC-3.00DC0+第18页光学十字(2)v+2.00 X 180-6.00 X 90+2.000-6.000第19页l两轴相互垂直，镜度不一样圆柱面透镜叠合，其效果相当于一个球镜加一个柱镜l+1.00DC90 +3.00DC180 =+1.00DS/+2.00DC180 =+3.00DS/-2.00DC90 0+3.00DC0+1.00DC=+3.00DC+1.00DC+1.00DC+2.00DC+3.00DC-2.00DC第20页l例题练习：l+1.00DC90 -3.00DC180 =+1.00DS/-4.00DC180 =-3.00DS/+4.00DC90 0-3.00DC0+1.00DC=-3.00DC+1.00DC+1.00DC-4.00DC-3.00DC+4.00DC第21页l例题练习：l+4.00DC90 /-1.00DC180l-1.00DC180 /-4.00DC90l-3.00DC90 /+4.00DC180第22页l两柱镜正交叠合而成球镜加柱镜有两种形式：一为球镜加正柱镜；另一为球镜加负柱镜，两种形式光学效果完全相同 +1.00DC90+3.00DC180 =+1.00DS/+2.00DC180 =+3.00DS/-2.00DC90第23页l转换规则：已知两轴向相互垂直圆柱面透镜镜转换规则：已知两轴向相互垂直圆柱面透镜镜度分别为度分别为F1、F2，则叠合后，则叠合后1、以、以F1为球镜镜度，（为球镜镜度，（F2-F1）为柱镜镜度，）为柱镜镜度，柱镜轴向与镜度为柱镜轴向与镜度为F2柱镜相同柱镜相同2、以、以F2为球镜镜度，（为球镜镜度，（F1-F2）为柱镜镜度，）为柱镜镜度，柱镜轴向与镜度为柱镜轴向与镜度为F1柱镜相同柱镜相同第24页 +1.00DC90+3.00DC180 =+1.00DS/+2.00DC180 =+3.00DS/-2.00DC90第25页第26页2密接斜交柱镜联合l2柱镜斜交，联合后必有一个方向镜度最小，该方向应该在2柱镜轴之间，而与之垂直方向镜度最大。第27页l2柱镜以任何角度相加，等效于一球面加一新柱面。l设相加后球镜度数为S，柱镜度数为Cl计算公式。第28页 l正切公式法l运算步骤l1、将2柱镜转为正柱镜l2、将柱轴方向较小者定位F1l3、a=F1轴-F2轴l4、分别代入公式算出球柱镜度数及角l5、将加于F1轴向即为新柱镜轴向第29页汤普森公式法l公式。l例题。第30页第31页作图法l画平行四边形后其对角线代表叠加后柱镜画平行四边形后其对角线代表叠加后柱镜度度l测量对角线与测量对角线与F1夹角再将其除以夹角再将其除以2为柱镜轴为柱镜轴方向与方向与F1轴向夹角轴向夹角第32页l作业：课后思索题第33页