管理学chapter2测试题.doc

Chapter 2 Management Yesterday and TodayTRUE/FALSE QUESTIONSHISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MANAGEMENT1。According to Adam Smith, division of labor was an important concept.(True； easy； p. 26)2。In the Industrial Revolution, machine power began substituting for human power。(True; easy； p. 27） 3.The Industrial Revolution began in the nineteenth century.（False； moderate； p。 27） SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT4.Principles of Scientific Management was written by Frederick Winslow Taylor。(True; moderate; p. 28)5.“One best way” is the phrase most associated with scientific management.（True； moderate； p。 28)6。The primary issue that aroused Taylor to create a more scientific approach to management was worker effectiveness。（False; difficult; p. 28）7。Based on his scientific management principles， Taylor suggested the incentive pay principle.（True； moderate; p。 28)8。Geert Hofstede is associated with the scientific management approach.(False; moderate； p。 28)9。Frank Gilbreths best-known contribution to scientific management concerned selecting the best worker.（False； moderate； p. 29）10。Gilbreth is best known for “the one best way.”(False; moderate; p。 28）11.Frederick Taylor is most associated with the principles of scientific management。（True； easy; p. 28）12.Geert Hofstede was among the first researchers to use motion pictures to study handandbody motions。（False； moderate； p。 29)GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE THEORISTS13.General administrative theory focuses only on managers and administrators。(False； moderate; p. 29）14.One could say that Fayol was interested in studying macromanagement issues, whereas Taylor was interested in studying micromanagement issues。(True; moderate； p. 30)15.The 14 principles of management are associated with Fayol.(True； moderate; p。 30）16。An organization that has a division of labor， a clearly defined hierarchy, detailed rules, and impersonal relationships would be described as a bureaucracy.（True； moderate； p. 30）17.Webers bureaucracy is a lot like scientific management.(True； moderate； p。 30)QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT18.The qualitative approach to management has also been labeled operations research or management science.(False； moderate; p. 32)19。Linear programming is a technique that managers use to improve resource allocation decisions。(True; moderate； p。 32)TOWARD UNDERSTANDING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR20。Concern for employee motivation is most closely associated with organizational behavior.(True； moderate; p。 32）21。Barnard， Follett, Munsterberg， and Owen are all theorists associated with the early organizational behavior approach。(True; moderate; p. 33)22。Hugo Munsterberg created the field of industrial psychology.(False; moderate; p。 33)23.Hugo Munsterberg was an early advocate of the human resources approach to management.（True； moderate； p。 33)24。Munsterbergs work in industrial psychology is easily connected with the scientific management approach.（True; moderate； p。 33）25.Without question, the most important contribution to the developing field of organizational behavior came from the Hawthorne studies.（True; moderate; p. 33)26。The Hawthorne studies were performed at the General Motors plant beginning in 1924.（False； easy； p。 33）27.Follett is the scientist who is most closely associated with the Hawthorne studies.(False; moderate； p. 34）CURRENT TRENDS AND ISSUES 28。Electronic commerce is any form of business exchange or transaction in which the parties interact electronically。（True; moderate； p。 40）29。An organization whose whole existence is made possible by and revolves around the Internet is categorized as e-business enhanced.(False; moderate； p。 41)30。According to the textbook， total quality management is a philosophy of management driven by continual improvement and responding to customer needs and expectations。(True; moderate; p. 43)MULTIPLECHOICE QUESTIONSFor each of the following choose the answer that most completely answers the question.HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MANAGEMENT31.Which of the following is not a reason Smith claimed enhanced productivity from division of labor？a。increasing worker skill and dexterityb。saving time lost in changing tasksc.creating labor-saving inventionsd。strict management control over worker time and motion(d; moderate; p。 26)32。 An example of early uses of the functions of management is the _. a.development of gunpowder b.arsenal of Venice where ships were built c.Artists Revolution in 1803 d.War of 1812 (b； moderate； p。 26)33。In Wealth of Nations， Adam Smith described the breakdown of jobs into narrow and repetitive tasks and called this _.a.assembly linesb。lowest common factor of workc.division of labord。greatest common factor of work(c; challenging； p。 26）34。The major contribution of the Industrial Revolution was the substitution of _ for human power.a.electricityb。water powerc.machine powerd.critical thinking(c； challenging; p。 27) 35.General administrative theorists devoted their efforts to _.a.making the overall organization more effectiveb.developing mathematical models to improve managementc。improving the productivity and efficiency of workersd.emphasizing the study of human behavior in organizations（a; moderate； p。 29）36。Which of the following is not one of the four management approaches that grew out of the first half of this century？a.scientific managementb。general administrativec.organizational behaviord.systems approach （d； easy; p。 27)SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT37。 Frederick Taylor performed most of his work in _.a. grape vineyards in Californiab. steel companies in Pennsylvaniac. auto assembly plants near Detroitd. cotton gins in Alabama（b; easy； p。 28)38.Frank and Lillian Gilbreths work began in the area of _.a。laying bricksb.cutting lumberc.installing rudimentary electrical wiringd。assembly lines（a； easy； p。 29)39.Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were the first researchers to utilize motion pictures to the study of _.a.reactions of workers in group settingsb。hand-andbody motionsc。workers reactions to pay increasesd.groups of workers in tense situations where they are assigning each other tasks(b； moderate； p. 29)40. Which of the following phrases is most associated with scientific management？a。 management relationsb.one best way c.supply and demandd.quality control(b； moderate； p。 28)41. The primary issue that aroused Taylor to create a more scientific approach to management was _. a.worker efficiency b。worker effectiveness c.worker absenteeism and turnover d.workplace safety (a； moderate; p。 28)42.According to the textbook, probably the best-known example of Taylors scientific management was the _ experiment。a。horseshoeb.pig ironc.blue collard. fish tank（b; moderate； p. 28）43.Based on his scientific management principles， Taylor suggested which of the following pay principles?a。monthly salaryb.monthly salary with bonusc.seniority payd。incentive pay （d; difficult; p。 28）44.A “therblig” concerns what scientific management workplace issue?a.optimum temperature for workplace efficiencyb。basic hand motionsc.optimum speed for basic motionsd。weight/movement ratios（b; moderate; p. 29）45。Which of the following is a fundamental contribution of scientific management?a.It could raise a countrys standard of living.b。It provided for management control， a basic management function.c。It provided the basis for the coming rise of unionization.d。It led to lower overall wages， thereby increasing organizational profitability。(a； difficult; p. 28)GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE THEORISTS46。General administrative theory focuses on _.a.the entire organizationb.managers and administratorsc。the measurement of organizational design relationshipsd.primarily the accounting function(a； easy； p. 29)47.One could say that Fayol was interested in studying _ management issues, whereas Taylor was interested in studying _ management issues.a。micro; macrob。macro； microc。micro; micro。d。macro; macro （b； difficult； p。 30）48。Which of the following is not one of Fayols principles of management?a.division of workb.unity of commandc.disciplined.equality(d； difficult; p. 30)49.The 14 principles of management are associated with whom?a。Weberb.Druckerc.Taylord.Fayol（d； moderate； p. 30)50.According to Webers ideal bureaucracy, _ is when people are selected for jobs based on technical qualifications.a.career orientationb.authority hierarchyc.impersonalityd. formal selection（d; moderate； p。 30)51.Bureaucracy defined as a form of organization characterized by _。a。 division of laborb. clearly defined hierarchyc。 detailed rules and regulationsd。 all of the above(d; moderate; p. 30）QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT52。Which of the following approaches to management has also been labeled operations research or management science？a.the qualitative approachb.the quantitative approachc。the experimental approachd. the theoretical approach（b； easy； p。 31)53.The quantitative approach evolved from the development of mathematical and statistical solutions to _. a.waiting line problems at fast-food restaurants in the 1960sb.military problems in World War IIc.clogged telephone circuits during the 1930sd.production management problems in the 1950s(b； challenging; p。 31)54.The quantitative approach involves applications of _. a。statisticsb。optimization modelsc.information modelsd。computer simulationse。all of the above(e； moderate； p。 32)55.Quantitative techniques have become less intimidating with the advent of _。a.training of these techniques in putersc。sophisticated computer softwared.managers with better mathematical skillse.quality control(c； difficult； p. 32)56. _ is a technique that managers use to improve resource allocation decisions。a. Linear programming b. Work schedulingc。 Economic order quantity modelingd. Regression analysis (a; moderate; p。 32)57.Decisions on determining a companys optimum inventory levels have been significantly influenced by _。a。 linear programmingb。 work schedulingc. economic order quantity modeling d. regression analysis （c； moderate； p。 32）58。Which of the following would not be associated with the quantitative approach to management?a.information modelsb。criticalpath schedulingc.systematic motivation of individualsd。linear programming（c； moderate； p。 32）TOWARD UNDERSTANDING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR59。Concern for employee motivation is most closely associated with which management approach?a。bureaucracyb。organizational behaviorc.scientific managementd.systems（b; moderate; p. 32）60.According to the textbook， which of the following early advocates of organizational behavior was concerned about deplorable working conditions？a.Robert Owens b.Hugo Munsterbergc。Mary Parker Follettd.Chester Barnard(a； difficult; p. 33)61.Which of the following early advocates of organizational behavior created the field of industrial psychology, the scientific study of people at work？a。Robert Owensb。Hugo Munsterbergc。Mary Parker Follettd。Chester Barnard（b； difficult； p. 33）62.According to the textbook, _ was one of the first to recognize that organizations could be viewed from the perspective of individual and group behavior.a.Robert Owensb.Hugo Munsterbergc.Mary Parker Follettd。Chester Barnard(c; difficult; p. 33）63.Which of the following early advocates of organizational behavior was the first to argue that organizations were open systems？a.Robert Owensb。Hugo Munsterbergc.Mary Parker Follettd。Chester Barnard (d; difficult; p. 33）64。Which four theorists are associated with the early organizational behavior approach?a。Barnard， Follett， Munsterberg， and Owenb.Munsterberg， Taylor, Fayol， and Follettc。Taylor， Fayol， Weber， and Barnardd.Follett， Barnard， Munsterberg, and Weber(a; moderate; p。 33)65.Robert Owen is best remembered for _ in contrast to Hugo Munsterbergs interest in _。a.workplace social reform； efficiencyb。job design; employee trainingc.employee training； motivationd.reducing employee workplace suffering； workplace social reform（a； difficult； p。 33）66.Which of the following was a major contribution of Hugo Munsterberg？a。He was a social reformer。b。He created the field of industrial psychology. c。He was interested in individual and group behavior。d. He viewed organizations as social systems requiring human cooperation. （b； difficult； p. 33）67。Munsterbergs work in industrial psychology is easily connected with what other management approach?a。general administrativeb.classical managementc.systemsd.scientific management(d; difficult; p。 33)68.Contemporary management practices that emphasize work groups as a means to increasing productivity can be traced to which of the following authors?a.Robert Owenb。Mary Parker Follett c.Chester Barnardd。Hugo Munsterberg（b； moderate; p。 33）69.Which of the following is true concerning the management beliefs of Barnard？a.Employee ability and motivation remain fixed within a single employee， but vary across different employees.b。To improve productivity， management should concentrate on selecting the best employee rather than motivating current employees.c。Productivity is best achieved by insulating the organization from external constituencies。d。Organizations are social systems that require human cooperation。(d； difficult； p. 33）70。Without question， the most important contribution to the developing field of organizational behavior came out of the _。 a。Taylor studiesb。Porter studiesc。Parker studiesd. Hawthorne studies （d； moderate； p. 33）71.The Hawthorne studies were initially devised to study _。a。productivity levels of groups versus individualsb.the effect of noise on employee productivityc.the effect of illumination levels on employee productivityd.the effect of cooperative versus competitive