形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则.doc

形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则
1. 规则变化 
1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ，最高级＋est 
如： clever－cleverer－cleverest few－fewer－fewest  
small－smaller－smallest等。 
2) 以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st 即可。 如：
nice－nicer－nicest    cute－cuter－cutest     large－larger－largest 
3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est。如: 
easy－easier－easiest   happy－happier－happiest 
再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy也如此。 
少数单音节词也是这样，如： 
pleased－more pleased－the most pleased   
tired－more tired－the most tired 
4）中读闭音节词双写后面的辅音比较级＋er ，最高级＋est如：
big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest
2. 不规则变化： 
good —better — best   well —better — best 
bad－worse － worst     
many / much — more — most 
far — farther —farthest       (距离远)   
far — further — furthest      (程度深) 
old — elder — eldest         (长幼)   
old — older —oldest         (年龄)
Step 2 中考链接
1. 比较级考点
① 比较级修饰问题
a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。
e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.
    This book is much more interesting than that one.
② 同级比较
e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi’an.
     Our school is bigger than yours.
③ the + 比较级
e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls.
④ “a/an + 比较级” 表示“又一，再一”
e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one.
⑤ 隐性比较（没有than的情况）
e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?
    You’d better come earlier next time. 
    He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term.
⑥ 越来越......
a.  比较级 + and + 比较级
b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子
a. e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.
      The more you exercise, the better you are. 
2. 最高级考点
说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。
① 范围问题
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
    Spring is the best season of the year.
② “......之一”问题
e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
③ “the + 序数词 + 最高级”
e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.
3. 比较级和最高级的转换
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
   = Tom is taller than any other student in the class.
   = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class.
   = No other students are taller than Tom.
2. 同级比较
① as + adj./adv. + as 
e.g. She is as thin as Lily.
    He writes as carefully as Linda.
② not + as/so + adj./adv. + as 
e.g. Tony didn't run so fast as Carter 
中考真题
1. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _____ than before.
A.  most easily           B. less easily   
C. easily                D. more easily  
2. My father told me a story last night. It is ____ one I’ve ever heard.
A.  the funniest          B. funniest   
C. funnier              D. the funnier   
3. The _____ friends you have, the ____ you will be.
A. more, happy           B. many, happy   
C. more, happier          D. many, happier 
4. When he heard a cry for help, he ran out as _______ as he could.
A.  hardly                B. quickly      
C. finally                 D. slowly  
5. This place is not big enough for Lucy’s birthday party. We should find a _____ one.
A.  big                     B. small         
C. bigger                  D. smaller