小学百科知识中英文.doc

百科知识（一）
Encyclopedic knowledge (a)

【四大名绣】苏绣〖苏州〗、湘绣〖湖南〗、蜀绣〖四川〗、广绣〖广东〗
Four big embroidery embroidery 】 [suzhou], [in hunan], shu embroidery [sichuan], GuangXiu [guangdong]

【四大名扇】檀香扇〖江苏〗、火画扇〖广东〗、竹丝扇〖四川〗、绫绢扇〖浙江〗
"The four most famous fan" sandalwood fan [jiangsu], fire painting [sichuan] [guangdong], bamboo fan, silk damask fan [zhejiang]

【四大名花】牡丹〖山东菏泽〗、水仙〖福建漳州〗、菊花〖浙江杭州〗、山茶〖云南昆明〗
Peony's four big famous flowers 】 【 [shandong heze], narcissus [fujian zhangzhou], [zhejiang hangzhou], camellia, chrysanthemum [yunnan kunming]

【十大名茶】西湖龙井〖浙江杭州西湖区〗、碧螺春〖江苏吴县太湖的洞庭山碧螺峰〗、信阳毛尖〖河南信阳车云山〗、君山银针〖湖南岳阳君山〗、六安瓜片〖安徽六安和金寨两县的齐云山〗、黄山毛峰〖安徽歙县黄山〗、祁门红茶〖安徽祁门县〗、都匀毛尖〖贵州都匀县〗、铁观音〖福建安溪县〗、武夷岩茶〖福建崇安县〗
West lake longjing top ten famous tea 】 【 [lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province], "biluochun" [in wuxian, jiangsu taihu lake dongting mountain BiLuo peak], xinyang maojian tea [henan xinyang CheYunShan], [hunan yueyang JunShan] JunShan needles, luan GuaPian [of two counties of anhui luan and Jin Zhai qiyun moutain], huangshan maofeng tea [rapidly in anhui and huangshan mountain], [anhui QiMenXian] qiinen black tea, DouYun maojian tea [DouYun county in guizhou] wuyi rock tea, tieguanyin [fujian anxi], [] of anxian county, fujian chung

【扑克人物】
"Poker characters"

　　黑桃J：查尔斯一世的侍从，丹麦人霍克拉　　
Spades J: Charles I's retinue, Danish hawk

　　红桃J：查尔斯七世的宫廷随从拉海亚
Red peach J: Charles vii's court after the sea
　　梅花J：亚瑟王的著名骑士兰斯洛特
PAM: famous arthurian knight Lancelot
　　方块J：查尔斯一世的侍从罗兰
Square J: Charles I's retinue Roland

　　黑桃Q：帕拉斯o阿西纳，古希腊神话中智慧与战争女神
O o spades Q: pallas, ancient Greek mythology goddess of wisdom and war

　　红桃Q：朱尔斯，德国人，查尔斯一世的妻子
Red peach Q: Jules, germans, Charles I's wife

　　梅花Q：英国的兰开斯特王族的约克王后
Plum Q: British Lancaster royal queen of york

　　方块Q：是《圣经o旧约》中的约瑟夫的妹妹，莱克尔皇后
Square Q: o the old testament of the bible is in Joseph's younger sister, recker queen

　　黑桃K：戴维，公元前10世纪的以色列国王索洛蒙的父亲，擅长弹奏竖琴
Spades K: David, the 10th century BC, king Solomon of Israel's father, is good at playing the harp

　　红桃K：查尔斯一世，弗兰克国王沙勒曼
The red peach K: Charles I, king of frank Salem

　　梅花K：马其顿国的亚历山大大帝，最早go-vern-ment世界
Plum K: Alexander the great of Macedonia, the earliest go Vern - ment of the world

　　方块K：罗马名将和政治家朱亚斯o西泽，罗马统一后成为独裁统治者
Square K: Roman name and politicians Zhu Yasi o Caesar, the Roman unification become autocratic rulers

　　【年龄称谓】
【 title 】 age

　　襁褓：未满周岁的婴儿
Baby: those under the age of the baby

　　孩提：指2——3岁的儿童
As a child: refers to children aged 2-3
　　垂髫：指幼年儿童（又叫“总角”）
Early childhood: refers to the young children (also called "accumulated Angle")

　　豆蔻：指女子十三岁
Nutmeg: refers to women's thirteen years old

　　及笄：指女子十五岁
JiJi refers to women's fifteen

　　加冠：指男子二十岁（又“弱冠”）
Crowns: refers to the men twenty years old (or "coming of age at 20")

　　而立之年：指三十岁
Focus: refers to the age of thirty

　　不惑之年：指四十岁
Appears: refers to 40
　　知命之年：指五十岁（又“知天命”、“半百”）
Years of things: refers to the age of fifty (" is ", "half")

　　花甲之年：指六十岁
Reach refers to 60 years old
　　古稀之年：指七十岁
Three score and ten: refers to the age of seventy

　　耄耋之年：指八、九十岁 期颐之年：一百岁
, there's ninety - year - old age: refers to the eight years: the age of one hundred

【科举职官】〖乡试〗：录取者称为"举人"，第一名称为"解元"、〖会试〗：录取者称为"贡生"，第一名称为"会元"、〖殿试〗：录取者称为"进士"，第一名称为"状元"，第二名为"榜眼"，第三名为"探花"
【 】 the imperial official [after having obtained] : students referred to as a "juren", the first name is "XieYuan", [to] : students called "gongsheng", the first name is "HuiYuan", [position] : students called "jinshi", first name for the "top", the second is called "second", the third is called "no."

【四书】《论语》、《中庸》、《大学》、《孟子》
r books" the analects of Confucius, "the doctrine of the mean", "university", "mencius"
【五经】《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》、《春秋》
"Five classics", the book of songs "history", "rites", "I ching", the spring and autumn annals

【八股文】破题、承题、起讲、入手、起股、中股、后股、束股 　【六子全书】《老子》、《庄子》、《列子》、《荀子》、《扬子法言》、《文中子中说》
"Teachers" presentation, amplification ChengTi, up speak, starting, shares, stocks, posterior divisions, bunch of stocks [sixth encyclopedia] "Lao zi", "zhuang zi", "liezi", "xunzi", "the Yangtze law says", "the child said"
【汉字六书】象形、指事、形声、会意、转注、假借
Pictographic Chinese characters Chinese characters 】 【, self-explanatory, echoism, knowing, conversion, under the guise of

【书法九势】落笔、转笔、藏峰、藏头、护尾、疾势、掠笔、涩势、横鳞竖勒
Put pen to paper and pencil, and calligraphy nine potential 】 【 hide peak, CangTou and shield tail, for potential, pen, acerbity potential, horizontal scale, vertical
【竹林七贤】嵇康、刘伶、阮籍、山涛、阮咸、向秀、王戎 　【饮中八仙】李白、贺知章、李适之、李琎、崔宗之、苏晋、张旭、焦遂
Ji kang, bamboo QiXian 】 【 LiuLing, ruan ji, shan tao, a plucked stringed instrument, to show, Wang Rong "drinks the eight immortals in the" li bai, He Zhizhang, Li Shizhi, lee Jin, Cui Zong, Su Jin, zhang xu, JiaoSui

【蜀之八仙】容成公、李耳、董促舒、张道陵、严君平、李八百、范长生、尔朱先生
Rc, shu of the eight immortals 】 【 Li Er, promoting the shu dong, that, YanJunPing, eight hundred, Fan Changsheng, li zhu

【扬州八怪】郑板桥、汪士慎、李鱓、黄慎、金农、高翔、李方鹰、罗聘
Yangzhou eight eccentrics Zheng Banqiao 】, Wang Shishen, lee 鱓, Huang Shen, Li Fangying, qing-era painting, "and in the open

【北宋四大家】黄庭坚、欧阳修、苏轼、王安石
"Northern song dynasty four everybody" huang tingjian, ouyang xiu, su shi, wang anshi

【唐宋古文八大家】韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩
Eight people 】 【 ancient prose in tang and song dynasty, ouyang xiu, sponsored by han yu and liu zongyuan Su Xun, su shi and su zhe and wang anshi, 曾巩

【十三经】《易经》、《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《仪礼》、《公羊传》、《榖梁传》、《左传》、《孝经》、《论语》、《尔雅》、《孟子》
【 ShiSanJing 】 "I ching", the "book of songs", "history", "rites" and "yili", "ram biography", "grain Liang Chuan", "zuo zhuan," xiao ", "the analects", "er ya", "mencius"

【四大民间传说】《牛郎织女》、《孟姜女》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《白蛇与许仙》
【 】 the four most famous folk tales in "the gigolo knit", "meng jiangnu", "butterfly lovers", the white snake and xu xian

【四大文化遗产】《明清档案》、《殷墟甲骨》、《居延汉简》、《敦煌经卷》
【 】 four cultural heritage in the archives of Ming and qing dynasties, the Yin ruins oracle, "bamboo slips", "dunhuang books"
【元代四大戏剧】关汉卿《窦娥冤》、王实甫《西厢记》、汤显祖《牡丹亭》、洪升《长生殿》
【 】 four yuan dynasty drama works DouE case, wang shifu "western chamber", tang xianzu, the peony pavilion and hong sheng "palace"

【晚清四大谴责小说】李宝嘉《官场现形记》、吴沃尧《二十年目睹之怪现状》、刘鹗《老残游记》、曾朴《孽海花》
Four condemnation novels in late qing dynasty Li Baojia 】 the officialdom in the sky, and wu WoYao twenty years saw the strange situation, LiuE LaoCan travel notes, Ceng Piao the resources to spend

【莎士比亚四大悲剧】《汉姆莱特》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》、《奥赛罗》
Shakespeare four great tragedies 】 【 ham Wright, king Lear, Macbeth, "Othello"
【五彩】青、黄、赤、白、黑
【 color 】 black, yellow, red, white and black

【五音】宫、商、角、徵、羽
[sound] palace, shang, horn, characteristics, plume

【七宝】金、银、琉璃、珊瑚、砗磲、珍珠、玛瑙
Gold, silver, lapis lazuli, qibao 】 【 coral, tridacna, pearls, agate

【九宫】正宫、中吕宫、南吕宫、仙吕宫、黄钟宫、大面调、双调、商调、越调

Lu in the palace, palace, south jiugong 】 【 lu palace, fairy palace, huang gong lu, bedding face, double adjustable, ShangDiao, YueDiao
【七大艺术】绘画、音乐、雕塑、戏剧、文学、建筑、电影
】 【 seven art, music, sculpture, painting, drama, literature, architecture, film

【四大名瓷窑】河北的瓷州窑、浙江的龙泉窑、江西的景德镇窑、福建的德化窑
"Four big famous kilns" Long Quanyao kiln porcelain states of hebei province and zhejiang province, jiangxi's jingdezhen kiln, fujian dehua kiln

【四大名旦】梅兰芳、程砚秋、尚小云、荀慧生
Mei lanfang, cheng yanqiu, shang xiaoyun, four MingDan 】 【, xun

【六礼】冠、婚、丧、祭、乡饮酒、相见
Crown, marriage, funerals, six ceremony 】 【 offerings, township drinking, meet each other

【六艺】礼、乐、射、御、书、数
【 LiuYi 】, music, archery, royal, book, number

【六义】风、赋、比、兴、雅、颂
"Six righteousness" wind, fu, bi, xing, elegant, and praise

【八旗】镶黄、正黄、镶白、正白、镶红、正红、镶蓝、正蓝 　【十恶】谋反、谋大逆、谋叛、谋恶逆、不道、大不敬、不孝、不睦、不义、内乱
"Eight banners" set is yellow, yellow, with white, is set with red, white, red, blue, is blue 【 10 】 evil rebellion, seeks the regicide, conspiracies, seeks the inverse, not word, irreverent, unfilial, discord and injustice, and civil strife

【九流】儒家、道家、阴阳家、法家、名家、墨家、纵横家、杂家、农家
【 】 nine flow, Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang family, famous artists, mohism, legalism, sage, and home farm

【三山】安徽黄山、江西庐山、浙江雁荡山
"Three mountain" huangshan mountain in anhui, jiangxi, zhejiang yandang mountain

【五岭】越城岭、都庞岭、萌诸岭、骑田岭、大庾岭
YueChengLing, DouPangLing, the five ridges 】 【 'ZhuLing, ride Tian Ling, big it

【五岳】〖中岳〗河南嵩山、〖东岳〗山东泰山、〖西岳〗陕西华山、〖南岳〗湖南衡山、〖北岳〗山西恒山
[its] [he] henan songshan, [dongyue] shandong taishan, [the west] shaanxi huashan, [le] hunan hengshan, [beiyue] mount heng in Shanxi Province

【五湖】鄱阳湖〖江西〗、洞庭湖〖湖南〗、太湖〖江苏〗、洪泽湖〖江苏〗、巢湖〖安徽〗
"Five lakes" [] in jiangxi poyang lake, dongting lake [in hunan], [jiangsu], [jiangsu] hongze lake taihu, chaohu [anhui]

【四海】渤海、黄海、东海、南海
【 all 】 the bohai sea, yellow sea, east China sea, the south China sea

【四大名桥】广济桥、赵州桥、洛阳桥、卢沟桥
"Four big famous bridge" wide and zhaozhou bridge, the bridge's LuoYangQiao, Marco Polo bridge

【四大名园】颐和园〖北京〗、避暑山庄〖河北承德〗、拙政园〖江苏苏州〗、留园〖江苏苏州〗

【 】 most famous four gardens [Beijing] the Summer Palace, the summer resort of chengde in hebei province], the humble administrator's garden of suzhou, jiangsu province], the lingering garden [jiangsu suzhou]
【四大名刹】灵岩寺〖山东长清〗、国清寺〖浙江天台〗、玉泉寺〖湖北江陵〗、栖霞寺〖江苏南京〗
"Four famous" LingYanSi [shandong pingyin], zhi xu claimed [zhejiang tiantai], yuquan temple [hubei jiangling], were [jiangsu nanjing]

【四大名楼】岳阳楼〖湖南岳阳〗、黄鹤楼〖湖北武汉〗、滕王阁〖江西南昌〗、大观楼〖云南昆明〗
"Four famous towers" yueyang of hunan yueyang], [hubei wuhan] the yellow crane tower, tengwang pavilion [nanchang of jiangxi province], DaGuanLou [yunnan kunming]

【四大名亭】醉翁亭〖安徽滁县〗、陶然亭〖北京先农坛〗、爱晚亭〖湖南长沙〗、湖心亭〖杭州西湖〗
"Four big famous pavilion" ZuiWengTing [chuhe county in anhui], TaoRanTing XianNongTan [Beijing], love late pavilion [in changsha, hunan province], lake [hangzhou west lake]
【四大古镇】景德镇〖江西〗、佛山镇〖广东〗、汉口镇〖湖北〗、朱仙镇〖河南〗
"Four big ancient town" jingdezhen of jiangxi] [guangdong], hankou town, foshan town [in hubei], immortals township [henan]

【四大碑林】西安碑林〖陕西西安〗、孔庙碑林〖山东曲阜〗、地震碑林〖四川西昌〗、南门碑林〖台湾高雄〗
Xi 'an forest of steles four forest of steles 】 【 [xi 'an in shaanxi province], Confucius temple, the forest of steles [shandong qufu] the forest of steles, earthquake [sichuan xichang], south gate the forest of steles [Taiwan kaohsiung]

【四大名塔】嵩岳寺塔〖河南登封嵩岳寺〗、飞虹塔〖山西洪洞广胜寺〗、释迦塔〖山西应县佛宫寺〗、千寻塔〖云南大理崇圣寺〗
"Four big famous tower" this temple tower [henan dengfeng this temple], the flying tower [shanxi hongtong guangsheng temple] [Buddha palace temple in shanxi so], Buddha tower, qianhe tower [yunnan Dali footprints temple]

【四大石窟】莫高窟〖甘肃敦煌〗、云岗石窟〖山西大同〗、龙门石窟〖河南洛阳〗、麦积山石窟〖甘肃天水〗
【 】's four big grottoes the mogao grottoes of dunhuang, gansu province], [shanxi datong] yungang grottoes and longmen grottoes of luoyang, henan] [gansu tianshui], maijishan grottoes

　【四大书院】白鹿洞书院〖江西庐山〗、岳麓书院〖湖南长沙〗、嵩阳书院〖河南嵩山〗、应天书院〖河南商丘〗
"Four academy" white deer cave academy [jiangxi lushan], yuelu academy of hunan changsha], song Yang college [henan songshan], should be college [henan shangqiu]

　【四大佛教名山】浙江普陀山〖观音菩萨〗、山西五台山〖文殊菩萨〗、四川峨眉山〖普贤菩萨〗、安徽九华山〖地藏王菩萨〗
【 】 the four famous buddhist mountains of zhejiang mount putuo [guanyin bodhisattva], wutai mountain in shanxi [manjushri], [samantabhadra bodhisattva] mount emei in sichuan, anhui jiuhua [earth treasure bodhisattva]

　【四大道教名山】湖北武当山、江西龙虎山、安徽齐云山、四川青城山
"The four famous mountains of Taoism" wudang mountain in hubei, jiangxi, qiyun moutain in anhui, sichuan qingcheng mountain, mount longhu
【五行】金、木、水、火、土
"Five lines of" gold, wood, water, fire and earth

【八卦】乾〖天〗、坤〖地〗、震〖雷〗、巽〖风〗、坎〖水〗、离〖火〗、艮〖山〗、兑〖沼〗
"Gossip" dried [day], he [to], [mine], xun [wind] and [water] from [the fire], gen [hill], the [bog]

【三皇】伏羲、女娲、神农
[three] fuxi, nuwa, shennong

【五帝】太皞、炎帝、黄帝、少皞、颛顼
"Five emperors" too 皞, yan emperor, huangdi, 皞, ZhuanXu less

【三教】儒教、道教、佛教
"Three religions" Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism

【三清】元始天尊〖清微天玉清境〗、灵宝天尊〖禹余天上清境〗、道德天尊〖大赤天太清境〗
Beginning sanqing 】 【 Buddha [micro day jade qing qing condition], spi Buddha [yu yu qing sky condition], moral Buddha [big red day too clear borders]

【四御】昊天金阙无上至尊玉皇大帝、中天紫微北极大帝、勾陈上宫天后皇大帝、承天效法土皇地祗
Heaven gold que supreme supreme science four royal 】 【 the jade emperor, zhongtian Chinese arctic emperor, tick on Chen huang emperor palace days, days according to soil emperor DeZhi

【八仙】铁拐李、钟离权、张果老、吕洞宾、何仙姑、蓝采和、韩湘子、曹国舅
"Eight immortals" turn iron, clock from power, the zhang guolao, li lu dongbin, He Xiangu, blue and, Han Xiangzi, cao guojiu

【十八罗汉】布袋罗汉、长眉罗汉、芭蕉罗汉、沉思罗汉、伏虎罗汉、过江罗汉、欢喜罗汉、降龙罗汉、静坐罗汉、举钵罗汉、开心罗汉、看门罗汉、骑象罗汉、探手罗汉、托塔罗汉、挖耳罗汉、笑狮罗汉、坐鹿罗汉
Ocean's 18 arhats 】 【 cloth, ocean's long eyebrow, ocean's banana, ocean's ocean's contemplation, ocean's fighter, river, ocean's joy, JiangLong lohan, ocean's meditation, for ocean's bowl, ocean's happy, ocean's guard and ride like lohan, ocean's agent hand, TuoDa lohan, ocean's ear, laughing lion ocean, by ocean's deer

【十八层地狱】[第一层]泥犁地狱、[第二层]刀山地狱、[第三层]沸沙地狱、[第四层]沸屎地狱、[第五层]黑身地狱、[第六层]火车地狱、[第七层]镬汤地狱、[第八层]铁床地狱、[第九层]盖山地狱、[第十层]寒冰地狱、[第十一层]剥皮地狱、[第十二层]畜生地狱、[第十三层]刀兵地狱、[第十四层]铁磨地狱、[第十五层]寒冰地狱、[第十六层]铁册地狱、[第十七层]蛆虫地狱、[第十八层]烊铜地狱
Eighteen layers of hell [] [] of the first layer of mud plough hell, hell, the [second] wheels/layer 3 boiling boiling shit hell hell, layer [4], [5] layer black body, layer [6] train hell, hell layer [7] wok soup hell, hell layer [8] iron bed, cover layer [9] mountain, layer [10] ice hell, hell layer [11] skinning, [2] 10 animal hell, hell bill layer [13], [14] layer iron grinding hell, hell layer [15] ice, iron layer [16] of the hell, hell layer [17] maggot, copper layer [18] Yang hell hell

【五脏】心、肝、脾、肺、肾
[five] heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney

【六腑】胃、胆、三焦、膀胱、大肠、小肠
"Fu", bravery, the sanjiao (triple energizer), bladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

【七情】喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、恶、欲
"Seven emotions" happiness, anger, sorrow, joy, love, evil, desire
【五常】仁、义、礼、智、信
[the p5] benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, intelligence and faith

【五伦】君臣、父子、兄弟、夫妇、朋友
[each] this, father and son, brother, wife, friend
【三姑】尼姑、道姑、卦姑
Three gu 】 【 nun, Taoist, hexagrams gu
【六婆】牙婆、媒婆、师婆、虔婆、药婆、稳婆
Six shiva YaPo 】, matchmaker, shiva, sincere woman, shiva, midwife

【九属】玄孙、曾孙、孙、子、身、父、祖父、曾祖父、高祖父
[9 genera] great-great-grandson, the son, Samson, the son, and his body high, father, grandfather, great grandfather, grandfather

【五谷】稻、黍、稷、麦、豆
[corn] rice, millet, millet, wheat, beans

【中国八大菜系】四川菜、湖南菜、山东菜、江苏菜、浙江菜、广东菜、福建菜、安徽菜
"China's eight regional cuisines" sichuan cuisine, hunan cuisine, shandong cuisine, jiangsu cuisine, zhejiang cuisine, cantonese cuisine, fujian cuisine and anhui cuisine

【五毒】石胆、丹砂、雄黄、矾石、慈石
[ruling] lithocholic, cinnabar and realgar, alum stone, CiShi

【配药七方】大方、小方、缓方、急方、奇方、偶方、复方
And easy dispensing seven party 】 【, party, party, party, odd, even, compound
【中华人民共和国十大元帅】：朱德、彭德怀、贺龙、陈毅、刘伯承、罗荣桓、徐向前、聂荣臻、林彪、叶剑英。
【 ten generalissimo] of the People's Republic of China: zhu DE, peng dehuai, he long, Chen yi, liu, Luo Ronghuan, xiangqian, nie rongzhen, L