剑桥少儿英语一级课堂笔记.doc

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剑桥少儿英语第一级
课 堂 笔 记
上　　册

Unit 1 What's your name?
1. What's your name (please)?
My name is Andy / Liu / Dehua.
I am Andy / Liu / Dehua.
英文名首字母大写；汉语名姓首字母大写，名首字母大写。
2. 介绍朋友：I am → I'm be 动词 am are is （是，在）
he is → he's
she is → she's 记忆歌：我用am
it is → it's 你用are
we are → we're is跟着他、她、它
they are → they're 复数一律用长are
3. How old are you?
I am 7(Yours old).
4. Boy's name: Ted Jeff…
Girl's name: Kelly Meg…
5. ① come [kʌm] 来 →（反） go [ɡo] 去
② Let's play. 让我们玩。
△ Let's = Let us + do (动词原形).
③ It's time to get up.
△ time [tɑim] 时间
get up 起床
It's time to do.
6.* Mr. [mistə] 先生 + 姓氏 （在学校中有“老师”的意思。）
Miss [mis] 小姐 + 姓氏 （在学校中有“老师”的意思。）
You are… 你是……。
7. 标点符号不同

汉语
英语
省略号
……
…
书名号
《 》
无书名号，或用斜体字
顿号
、
无顿号，用逗号“,”
句号
。
.
8. Come in, please. 请进。
close →(反) open
Go to school. 上学。
don't = do not 不要
be late [leit] 晚的，迟到
learn [lə:n] 学习，学会
again and again [ə'ɡein] 一次又一次地
9. What's your name? （你的） My name is…
I am…
What's his name? （他的） His name is…
He is…
What's her name? （她的） Her name is…
She is…
10. 语音 a [æ]: Dan bag mat cap
e [e]: Ben pen leg neck

Unit 2 What's this?
1. What's this? this →(反) that
What's that? =>It's a …（当该句用于询问字母时，答句中无“a”，即It's “B”.）
What's this in(△用) English? It's a …
2. ① letter ['letə] 字母，信 letter“A”
② jump [ʤʌmp] v. 跳
③ A a B b C c D d E e F f G g
[ei] [bi:] [si] [di:] [i:] [ef] [ʤi:]
H h I i J j K k L l M m N n
[eiʧ] [ɑi] [ʤei] [kei] [el] [em] [en]
O o P p Q q R r S s T t
[əu] [pi:] [kju:] [ɑ:] [es] [ti:]
U u V v W w X x Y y Z z
[ju:] [vi:] ['dʌblju:] [eks] [wɑi] [zi:][zed]
元音字母：a e i o u
剩下的都是辅音字母。
元音字母：a, e, i, o, u。元音最重要，没有元音就不能构成单词。
音节：有一个元音音素叫一个音节。
开音节：以元音字母和不发音的字母“e”结尾的音节。
闭音节：以辅音字母结尾的音节。
*元音字母在开音节和闭音节中的发音规则：

a
e
i
o
u

开音节
[ei]
[i:]
[ɑi]
[əu]
[ju:]
在开音节单词中元音发本身音。
闭音节
[æ]
[e]
[i]
[ɔ]
[ʌ]

字母c的发音规则：
c
[k]
在c后面遇到a, o, u，发[k]。
[s]
在c后面遇到i, e, y，发[s]，如nice [nɑis]。
△ have [hæv] do [du:] who [hu:] to [tu:]
单词的辩音问题：
⑴ A: take B: lake C: name D: lamp
⑵ A: me B: she C: we D: Meg
⑶ A: Bill B: mine C: lip D: tip
⑷ A: code B: nod C: top D: mop
⑸ A: duck B: cup C: cube D: club
字母的辩音问题：
① A B C D ③ G J A k
② F E L M ④ Q W U P
a: mat man lamp hand bag cat
e: lemon leg desk pen pencil Ben
i: Kim Bill fish
o: dog box sock clock
u: bus cup duck buck
3. 缩写字
CCTV 中国中央电视台
VOA 美国之音／声
BBC 英国广播公司
PC 个人电脑
AM am 上午
PM pm 下午
UN 联合国
SOS 求救信号
DC 公元
CD 光盘
BC 公元前
WTO 世界贸易组织
PRC 中华人民共和国
USA 美利坚合众国
4. which [wiʧ] 哪一个
right [rɑit] 右边；正确的，对的
too [tu:] 也（句末） (与to, two是同音异形词)
handbag 手提包
schoolbag 书包
5. 句子
陈述句 This is a bag. 变疑问句把脖子提到前面去
Is this a bag? Yes, it is.
That is a book.
Is that a book? No, it isn't.
一般疑问句用yes或no来回答：Yes, it is.或No, it isn't.。答句的最后一个词用问句的第一个词。

Unit 3 What colour do you like?
1. colour (color) ① v.（动词） 涂颜色 Colour the book blue.
② n.（名词） 颜色 orange yellow black red pink green white brown blue purple indigo grey(gray)
△ dark [dɑ:k] 深色的 light [lɑit] 浅色的
I like (颜色) black.
I don't like white.
look vi.(不及物动词) 看 + at
e.g.: Look at Miss Yang.
what about 怎么样
2. 对话
A: What's this (in English)?
B: It's a/an book.
A: What colour is it?
B: It's blue.
A: Do you like blue?
B: No, I don't.
A: What colour do you like?
B: I like…
3. they → them 他们 发出动作：they 承受动作：them
I've got… = I have got…
lots [lɔts] of 许多
a lot of 许多
4. 颜色的用法：① be ~: It's pink.
② ~ n.: It's a pink shirt.
5. shoes pencil umbrella banana book apples bike
flowers cat clock tree bee pen dog mouse
umbrella ['ʌmbrelə] 雨伞 an
clock [klɔk] 钟
6. A and B make C. (A, B, C = colour)
Red and green make black. 红和绿形成黑。
7. and用最后两者之间。

Unit 4 How many ducks are there?
1. how many ① （多少），可数名词的数量
② + 可数名词 (pl.) 复数
2. 可数名词单数→复数
⑴ 在词尾加s。
pen → pens
⑵ 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加es。
bus → buses box → boxes
watch → watches brush → brushes
⑶ 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i，再加es。 (y → ies)
baby → babies boy → boys
⑷ 以f, fe结尾的词，变f, fe为v，再加es。 (f →ves) (fe → ves)
leaf → leaves knife → knives
⑸ 以辅音加o结尾的词（外来词、缩写词除外）加es。
negro ['neɡrəu] → negroes hero ['hiərəu] → heroes
potato → potatoes tomato → tomatoes mango → mangoes
一个黑人英雄坐在土豆地里，手里拿着西红柿吃芒果，多有意思。(es)
下列词除外，
photo → photos kilo → kilos
⑹ 特殊变化：
① oo → ee foot → feet tooth → teeth goose → geese
② a → e man → men woman → women ['wimin]
③ mouse → mice louse → lice
④ sheep → 不变 deer → 不变
people → +s peoples 民族
不变 people 人
fish → 不变或加es fish 或 fishes
⑤ child → children ox → oxen
3. 有 have 某人有某物
there be 某处有某物
there is (are) + 存在物 + [存在的地点]
There is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有笔。
There are two boys in the classroom. 教室里有两个男孩。
4. be →is 可数单数／不可数
→are 可数复数
△ 如果存在物是多种东西时，按“就近”原则选be。
5. 复数一定是可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数之分。
6. butterfly ['bʌtəflɑi] 蝴蝶
bear [bɛə] 熊
hippo ['hɑipəu] 河马
……的…… 加“'s” e.g.: Miss Yang's…
beautiful ['bju:təfəl] 美丽的
homework 家庭作业
7. sh [ʃ] she shoe
ch [ʧ] chick chair
① look vi + at + 物
look!
② here [hiə] 在这里 →（反） there [ðeə(r)] 在那里
③ I don't know. 我不知道。 know → no (同音异形)
④ count [kɑunt] 数数
⑤ 数字：one → ten
eleven twelve
13 → 19 ~ teen (thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen)

Unit 5 Have you got any fish?
1. ① have [hæv] 有 I have a book.
have got 有 I have got a book.
② some [sʌm] 一些 I have got some books.
any ['eni] 一些 Have you got any books?
some 用于肯定句；any用于疑问句，否定句。
③ fish [fiʃ] 鱼 可数名词 条数：复数不变 fish → fish
种类：复数变 fish → fishes
不可数名词：鱼肉
2. riding
go bike riding. (ride →riding)
go v. –ing go fish →go fishing
在go后面把动词变成 –ing 形式，表示去做……。
3. radio ['reidiəu] 收音机
picture ['pikʧə] 图片，照片
camera ['kæmərə] 照相机
bookcase [bukeis] 书柜，书架
colour ①颜色　②深颜色 colour + sth + 颜色
oo [u] ① foot [fut]
[u:] ② food [fu:d]
4. Are you boy? Yes, I am.
No, I'm not.
Is this a pencil? Yes, it is.
No, it isn't.
Can you sing? Yes, I can.
No, I can't.
Do you like green? Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
Have you got a fish? Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
一般疑问句需要用yes或no来回答。
在回答一般疑问句时，答句的最后落脚点与问句的开头词是同一类词。

Unit 6 Has he got a teddy bear?
1. 单三形式：单数的第三人称或第三人称单数形式
第一人称→我，我们
第二人称→你，你们
第三人称→他，他们　人名和物名（我的书）
单三主语有：she, he, it, Rose(单独的人名) the book(物名)等。
如果句子中出现单三形式，have → 变has
She has got a book. 她有一本书。
She has a book.
例如（e.g.）：第一人称 I have got a chair.
→变问句 Have you got a chair?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
→变否定句 I haven't got a chair.
第三人称 She has got a book. 她有一本书。
→变问句 Has she got a book? 她有一本书吗？
Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.
→变否定句 She hasn't got a book.
2. teddy bear ['tedi] [bɛə] 泰迪熊（玩具）
I have got a teddy bear.
He has got a teddy bear.
Has he got a teddy bear? ↗
Yes, he has.
No, he hasn't.
but [bʌt] 但是 —and
coconut ['kəukənʌt] 椰子
computer ['kəmpju:tə] 电脑
too 用于句末，表示“也”。
e.g.: I'm a boy, he's a boy too.
3. 助动词 do
Does
who's got = who has got
bat [bæt] 蝙蝠，球棒
肯定式 I have a book. = I have got a book.
否定式 I don't have a book. = I haven't got a book.
助动词（否定式） do not = don't
does not = doesn't
肯定式 She has a book. = She has got a book.
否定式 She doesn't has a book. = She hasn't got a book.
↓（还原）只能一个词表示单三
She doesn't have a book. = She hasn't got a book.
用于单三否定时，doesn't和has都表示单三，所以has应还原为have，即：has变have，使句子中只有一个词表示单三。
① We have got some flowers.
We have some flowers.
否 We haven't got any flowers.
We don't have any flowers.
② She has got a bike.
She has a bike.
否 She hasn't got a bike.
She doesn't have a bike.
4. an apple
a red apple
u [ʌ] cupboard ['kʌbəd] 壁橱
number [nʌmbə]

Unit 7 Our family
1. our [ɑuə] 我们的
(同音异形 hour [ɑuə] 小时 an hour 因为h不发音，所以用an)
family ['fæmili] 家庭
families (pl.) 家人（多） family (pl.)
father ['fɑ:ðə] mother ['mʌðə] brother ['brʌðə] sister ['sistə]
uncle [ʌnkl] aunt [ɑ:nt]
This is my family.
This is my father, he is…years old.

2. 数字：eleven twelve
13~19 -teen [ti:n]
20, 30…90 -ty
hundred ['hʌndrəd] 一百（前加one或a）
11~19 eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen
sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
20~90 twenty thirty forty fifty
sixty seventy eighty ninety
3. family photo ['fəutəu] 全家福 (photo → photograph)
look + at + 物
4. grand [ɡrænd] (隔一辈) grandmother = grandma
grandfather = grandpa
5. be for 是给……的
The book is for Fed.
6. hip [hip] （欢呼声）
hooray ['hu:rei] （欢呼声） go away 出去
① holidy ['hɔlədei] 假日
② song [sɔη] 歌曲
③ lovely ['lʌvli] 可爱的
④ guitar [ɡi'tɑ:] 吉它
⑤ help [help] 帮助
help sb. do sth I help Miss Tang learn English.
help sb. to do sth I help Miss Tang to learn English.
7. o [ɔ] box sock dog
[əu] nose those close
8. 人名后 + 's 表示：……的
e.g.: Tom's family.

Unit 8 Who is the winner?
1. revision:
⑴ What's your name? My name is…
I'm…
⑵ How old are you? I'm…years old.
⑶ How many pencils are there in the pencil-box.
There's 1.
There are 2.
⑷ What's this? It's a…
⑸ How old is your father? He's 36.
⑹ What colour is it? It's…
What colour(s) are they? They are…
⑺ How many people are there in your family?
⑻ What are these? They're…
⑼ Which is the pen? This is the pen.
⑽ Have you got a…? Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
Has he got a…? Yes, he has.
No, he hasn't.
⑾ This is a pen. → (变复数形式) These are some pens.
2. turtle [tə:tl] 乌龟 present ['preznt] 礼物
park [pɑ:k] 公园 telephone ['telifəun] 电话
doctor [dɔktə] 医生 watermelon ['wɔ:təmelən] 西瓜
cherry ['ʧeri] 樱桃 grape [ɡreip] 葡萄
3. i —开 [ɑi] bike five
—闭 [i] big
wh —[w] white
—[h] + o who whose
row [rəu] n. 横排 What row are you in?
I am in Row One.
v. 划（船） Row a boat.
merry ['meri] 快乐的 Merry Christmas 圣诞节快乐

Unit 9 What's your favourite fruit?
1. ① favourite [fei'vəreit] adj. 最喜爱的 My favourite food.
n. 最喜欢的（人或物）
My favourite is my mother.
我最喜欢的人是妈妈。
前面用“某人的”
e.g.: your favourite book
② fruit [fru:t] 水果
③ food [fu:d] 食物
④ drink [ʤiηk] n. 饮料 drink some drink 喝点饮料
v. 喝 drink some milk 喝点牛奶
2. fruit:（可数）：watermelon apple pear pineapple coconut
banana grape lemon orange mango plum peach cherry kiwi [ki'wi:] 弥猴桃 strawberry
food:（可数）：hamburger sandwich hotdog cake
sausage ['sɔseiʤ] egg biscuit pie
（不可数）：beef rice bread pizza noodles
ice cream fish meat
drink:（不可数）： tea milk water coffee 　juice [ʤu:s]果汁 7-up 饮料 coke 可口可乐 lemonade [lemə'neid] 柠檬汁
3. 句型：
① What's your favourite food? （代表类别）
② My favorites food is beef.（不可数）
My favorites food is burgers.（可数名词复数）(pl.)
③ I like… (pl.)
④ Apples are my favourite fruit.
4. let's = let us let's + do
go out 出去 come in 进来
there be: 有
there are / is 有
lots of = a lot of 许多
beautiful ['bju:təfəl] 漂亮的
5. fruit un (不可数名词)
fruits (种类)
6. long [lɔη] 长的 →（反） short [ʃɔ:rt] 短的
like + n.(形式) I like Miss Yang.
+ to(do) (原形) I like to run.
+ doing I like running.
go to school 上学
at 7:00（时刻） at 12:30
have = eat = drink
for lunch [lʌnʧ] 午餐
also ['ɔ:lsəu] 也 （用于句中，放在be后）
too [tu:] 也 （用于句末）
7. 物主代词：my your his her our their
……的 物主代词 + n
8. a [ei] cake game face snake

Unit 10 Do you want an orange or a pear?
1. want [wɔnt] 想要 + n. I want a book.
+ to do I want to play.
or [ɔ] 或者，还是 Do you like red or green?
Do you want an apple? ↗ Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
Do you want an apple or a pear? ↘ I want a pear.
It is a pencil-box.
→ Is it a pencil-box? Yes, it is.
No, it isn't.
Is it a pencil-box or a pencil-bag? It's a pencil-box.
I can see a bird.
→ Can you see a bird? Yes, I can.
No, I can't.
Can you see a bird or a mouse? I can see a bird.
2. ⑴ juice lemonade 不可数
果汁 柠檬汁
⑵ 一些 some （陈述句）
any （疑问句，否定句）
Do you want some bread? 用some希望得到肯定回答。
⑶ too 也 There's an egg, too. （句末）
also 也 They also love me. （句中 be ~ ~ v.）
too用于句末；also用于句中，用在be动词后面，实动词前面，一句当中动词最重要。
I am a teacher, too.
I am also a teacher.
I also like English.
⑷ a, an 一个 a 用在辅音音标开头词前
an 用在元音音标开头词前
a pear a university [ֽju:ni'vɜ:səti] 大学
an apple an hour [əuə] 小时
⑸ ar [ɑ] car farm garden
3. 把陈述句转换成一般疑问句，再变成选择疑问句。
I l