牛津英语上海版高一第一学期期末笔记整理.doc

Unit 1Reading1 dressn. / v.给某人、自己穿衣服 (vt.)dress sb / oneself穿着的衣服 (vt. phr.)be dressed in穿着红色的衣服 (vt. phr.)be dressed in red穿着考究 (vi.)dress well2 glancen. / vi.朝撇一眼、瞄一眼 (vt. phr.)glance at sth = take / have a glance at sth盯着看 (vt. phr.)stare at sth瞪着眼睛看，怒视 (vt. phr.)glare at sth3 senioradj. / n.在方面比高级、级别高、年长be senior to sb at / in sth4 sighn. / v.叹口气 (n.)take a sigh深深地叹口气 (vt.)sigh a deep sigh5 prefervt.preferencen.更愿意某物prefer sth宁愿做某事prefer to do sth比起B来更喜欢Aprefer A to B比起做B来更喜欢做Aprefer doing A to doing B宁愿做A而不愿意做Bprefer to do A rather than do B6 municatev.municationn.与某人交流 (vi.)municate with sb告知某人某事、向某人传达某事 (vt.)municate sth to sb7 expressvt.expressionn.向某人表达某事express sth to sb向某人解释某事explain sth to sb向某人汇报某事report sth to sb向某人抱怨某事plain about sth to sb8 impressvt.impressionn.某事给某人留下深刻印象sth impress sb某人用给某人留下深刻印象sb impress sb with sth给某人留下深刻印象的是What impressed sb (most) was让某人铭记某事，让某人明白某事的重要性impress sth on sb9 impressionn.某事、某人给某人留下好的、深刻的印象sth / sb make / leave a good / deep impression on sb = sth / sb give sb a good / deep impression10 assistvt.assistant / assistancen.帮助某人某事assist sb with sth = help sb with sth帮助某人做某事assist sb to do sth = help sb (to) do sth11 hesitatevi.hesitationn.毫不犹豫做某事not hesitate to do sth毫不犹豫地without hesitation12 remarkn. / vt.某人表达sb remark + that从句 = sb remark, “”对某事作出评价remark on sth = ment on sth13 remindvt.remindern.提醒某人某事remind sb of sth提醒某人做某事remind sb to do sth提醒某人remind sb + that 从句14 welen. / adj. / vt. (wele, wele) / interj.欢迎某人到某地 (v.)wele sb to sp某人、某物受欢迎的 (adj.)sb / sth be wele欢迎回家、回来 (v.)wele home / back受到热烈的欢迎 (n.)get a warm wele15 chancen.有机会做某事have / get a chance to do sth碰巧by chance / accident有可能(The) Chances are that = It is possible16 more than超过非常不仅仅17 wayn.的方式 / 样子the way + (in which / that) + 定语从句顺便说一下by the way挡道in the way临近on the way = around the corner在去的路上on the / ones way to sp18 improvev.improvementn.取得很大的进步 (n.)make great progress = make great improvements = make great advances19 sitv. (sat, sat)熬夜 (vi. phr.)sit up = stay up坐起来 (vi. phr.)sit up参加考试 (vt.)sit an exam20 holdv. (held, held)手里抱着孩子 (vt.)hold a baby in ones arms持有的观点 (vt.)hold the view / opinion that昂着头 (vt.)hold ones head up担任重要职位 (vt.)hold an important position21 seemv.好像 (link v.)seem (to be) + adj. / n. = It seems / seemed that某人好像做、做过、在做某事 (vt.)sb seem to do / have done / be doing sth22 是因为It is because23 的原因是The reason (why / for which + 定语从句) is thatUnit 1More Reading1 contactn. / vt.眼神交流 (n.)eye contact接触、联系某人 (vt.)contact sb = make contact with sb与某人保持联系 (n.)be / keep in contact with sb2 keyn.的关键the key to sth / doing sth的答案、入口、线索、解决方法the answer / entrance / clue / solution to sth / doing sth3 confusevt.confusionn.某事令某人困惑sth confuse sb某人对感到困惑be confused at / about sth4 事实上as a matter of fact = in fact5 considervt.considerationn.认为某人、某物consider sb / sth (as / to be) + n. / adj. consider + that sb be + n. / adj.认为做某事consider it + n. / adj. + to do sth / that 从句考虑做某事consider doing sth6 lackn. / v.缺乏某物 (vt. / vi.)lack sth = be lacking in sth = lack of sth (注意这两个lack的词性不同)因为、由于缺少某物 (n.)for lack of sth7 close 表示具体意义上的“近地、靠近地”/ closely表示抽象意义上的“密切地、紧密地、仔细地”站得近stand close与紧密联系be closely linked with8 lastadj. / adv. / v.倒数第二 (adj.)last but one最后但不是最不重要的 (adv.)last but not least第一个来最后一个走 (n.)the first to e and the last to go够我们吃三天 (v.)last us 3 days我最不愿意见的人 (adj.)the last man I want to see我最不愿意做的事 (adj.)the last thing I want to do9 avoidvt.avoidancen.避免做某事avoid doing sth10 respectvt. / n.对某人表示尊重 (n.)show respect for sb11 authorityn.执政的人people in authority12 concentratev.concentrationn.注意、集中在 (vt. phr.)concentrate on = be centered on把注意力集中于 (vt.)concentrate ones attention on13 rudeadj.对粗鲁、有礼貌be rude / polite to sb14 signaln. / v. 表示友好或敌意、感兴趣或厌烦、理解或困惑 (vt.)signal friendliness or hostility, interest or boredom and understanding or confusion示意、表示 (vt.)signal + that从句示意某人做某事 (vt.)signal sb to do sth15 maintainvt.maintenancen.维护世界和平maintain world peace保持身心健康maintain mental and physical health某人认为sb maintain that维修、保养汽车、房子maintain a car / houseUnit 2Reading1 guaranteen. / v.保证、担保 (vt.)guarantee that.保证做某事 (vt.)guarantee to do sth向某人保证某事 (vt.)guarantee sb sth = guarantee sth to sb保证某物、某人 (vt.)guarantee sb / sth + adj.有三年保修期的冰箱 (n.)a fridge with a 3-year guarantee2 topn. / adj. / vt.感到心满意足feel on top of the world在的顶部on the top of sth在之上、是最好的on top of sth / sb3 choosev. (chose, chosen)choicen.宁愿做某事 (vt.)choose to do sth（别无选择）不得不做某事have no choice / alternative but to do sth做出选择make a choice4 advicen.一条建议a piece of advice5 rightadj. / adv. / n.对有好处的、合适的be right for = be fit for = be suitable for6 hidev. (hid, hidden)向某人隐藏某事、某物 (vt.)hide / conceal sth from sb隐含的意思hidden meaning7 suitn. / vt.某物适合某人 (vt.)sth suit sb某物对某人来说大小合适 (vt.)sth fit sb一套衣服 (n.)a suit of clothes8 balancen. / vt.保持、扰乱、破坏、恢复自然界的平衡 (n.)keep / upset (disturb) / destroy / restore the balance of nature失去平衡 (n.)lose ones balance平衡A和B (vt.)balance A with B权衡利弊 (vt.)balance the pros and cons9 additionn.addvt.此外（副词词组）in addition除了in addition to = as well as10 effectn.对有效果have (an) effect on sb / sth有效的、效率高的（能干的）effective / efficient能干的秘书an efficient / capable secretary11 applyv.applicant / applicationn.向某人申请某物 (vi.)apply to sb for sth把应用于、使适用于、把涂 / 敷在上 (vt.)apply sth to sth12 damagen. / vt.伤害某人、某物 (vt.)damage sb / sth对有伤害、有好处 (n.)do damage / good to sb / sth13 covern. / vt.被覆盖着be covered with占地cover an area of走距离cover a distance of看了页coverpages涉及广泛的领域cover a wide field包括所有的英语习语cover all the English idioms承担来去的费用cover the travel expenses14 caren. / v.照顾、喜欢、想要、愿意 (vt. phr.)care for关心、在乎 (vt. phr.)care about保重！(n.)Take care.我不在乎。(vi.)I dont care.15 It is + adj. + for / of sb to do sth某人做某事是16 adj. / adv. + enough (not) to do sth足够可以（不）做某事17 openadj. / v.在几点开、关 (vi.)open / close at从几点到几点营业 (adj.)be open from to 从开着的窗户进来 (adj.)e in from an open window把某人的文件摊在桌子上 (adj.)leave ones papers lying open on the desk开着窗户睡觉 (adj.)sleep with the windows open自动打开 (vi.)open of itself通往 (vi.)open into sp18 keepv. (kept, kept)让某人久等 (vt.)kept sb waiting for so long让我们知晓国内外大事 (vt.)keep us informed of what is happening at home and abroad让我的头发看上去有光泽 (vt.)keep my hair shiny把血压降下来 (vt.)keep sbs blood pressure down火势得到了控制 (vt.)keep the fire under control19 setv. (set, set)摆碗筷 (vt.)set / lay the table把你的吹风机调在低温档 (vt.)set your hairdryer at a low temperature把我的闹钟调在6点钟 (vt.)set my alarm clock for 6 oclock以为背景的 (vt.)is set in sp从东方升起西方落下 (vi.)rise in the east and set in the west20 expertn. / adj.专长于be expert inUnit 2More Reading1 hairn.有一头长发have long hair有几根白发have a couple of white / silver / grey hairs2 resultn. / v.导致，造成 (vt. phr.)result in = lead to = bring about = give rise to = contribute to = cause由而造成 (vt. phr.)result from 因此 (n.)as a result, as a result of3 amountn.大量的（通常修饰不可数名词）large amounts of = a large amount of = a great deal of大量的（通常修饰复数名词）a large number of = a good / great many大量的（既可修饰复数名词又可修饰不可数名词）plenty of = a lot of = lots of4 keepv. (kept, kept)阻止某人做某事 (vt.)keep sb from doing sth = stop / prevent sb (from) doing sth让某人一直做某事 (vt.)keep sb doing sth一直做某事 (vt.)keep doing sth一个人难免一生中不犯错误。One can not keep himself from making mistakes in life.5 robvt. (robbed, robbed)抢某人某物rob sb of sth偷某人某物steal sth from sb告知某人某事inform sb of sth提醒某人某事remind sb of sth警告某人某事warn sb of sth羡慕某人某事envy sb of sth治疗某人某病、某习惯cure sb of sth使某人摆脱某事rid sb of sth剥夺某人某物deprive sb of sth6 relaxv.relaxing / relaxedadj.relaxationn.使自己、某人放松 (vt.)relax oneself / sb令人轻松的工作a relaxing job感到轻松的feel relaxed7 damagen. / vt.伤害某人、某物 damage sb / sth对造成伤害 (n.)do damage to sb / sth8 choicen.没有选择不得不做某事have no choice / alternative but to do sth做出选择make a choice9 ensurev.确保某事 (vt.)ensure sth确保某人某事 (vt.)ensure sb sth / ensure sb + that从句确保、保证 (vt.)ensure / make sure + that 从句 (通常用一般现在时)10 assurevt.向某人保证某事、使某人相信某事assure sb of sth / assure sb + that从句11 insurevt.insurancen.为某人、某物投保价值的险insure sb / sth against sth for sm12 sure & certainadj.某人对有把握sb be sure / certain of / about sth = sb be sure / certain + that从句某人一定会做某事sb be sure / certain to do sth务必、一定（通常用于祈使句）be sure to do sth是必然的、一定的It is certain that天要下雨了。It is sure to rain. = Im sure / certain that it is going to rain. = It is certain that it is going to rain.13 while当；虽然，尽管；然而n. / conj.过了一会儿 (n.)after a while偶尔once in a while14 lookn. / v.看上去最好看 (vt.)look ones best容貌与年龄相符（看得出年龄）(vt.)look ones age把某人看作、当作 (vt.)consider / regard / think of / look on sb as sth注视某人 (vt.)look sb in the eye上下打量某人 (vt.)look sb up and down15 attendv.attendant / attendancen.上课 做礼拜 出席婚礼 参加智力竞赛节目的录制 (vt.)attend school / class, attend church, attend a wedding ceremony, attend the filming of a TV quiz programme注意某人、某事 (vi.)attend to sb / sth = pay attention to sb / sth照顾某人 (vt. / vi.)attend (to) sb16 make (注意VOC的结构，这里的补语可以是n. / adj. / 不定式 / 过去分词 )v.让、使某人成为 (vt.)make sb / sth + n. (表示职务时用零冠词)让、使某人、某物 (vt.)make sb / sth + adj.让、使某人做某事 (vt.)make / let / have sb do sth使某人、某物被 (vt.)make sb / sth done使得做某事 (vt.)make it + n. / adj. + that从句 / to do sth使某人成为副总统 (vt.)make sb vice president我们要让每天使用英语成为一个习惯。(vt.)We should make it a habit to use English every day.17 needn. / v.need做情态动词时不需要做某事 (v.)neednt do sth需要做某事吗？(v.)Needdo sth? (Yes, must / No, neednt)need做实义动词时需要某物 (vt.)need sth需要做某事 (vt.)need to do sth不需要做某事 (vt.)not need to do sth某人、某物需要被 (vt.)sb / sth need doing = sb / sth need to be done需要某人做某事 (vt.)need sb to do sthneed做名词时（某人）没有必要做某事 (n.)There is no need (for sb) to do sth非常需要某人、某物 (n.)be in great need of sb / sth = be badly in need of sb / sth对的需求need for sth满足的需要meet the needs of如果需要的话 (n.)if need be18 growv. (grew, grown)growthn.种植棉花、蔬菜 (vt.)grow cotton / vegetables留长发、络腮胡子、小胡子 (vt.)grow long hair / a beard / a moustache变得 (link v.)grow + adj.长大 (vi. phr.)grow up长成 (vt. phr.)grow into sb / sth在生长过程中in the growth of19 remembervt.记得、忘记做过某事remember / forget doing sth记得、忘记要做某事remember / forget to do sth因为某事而记住某人remember sb for sth20 regularadj.irregularant.规则变化的动词regular verbs固定的收入regular ine没有固定工作have no regular work常客regular customers21 helpn. / v.helpfuladj.帮助某人某事 (vt.)assist sb with sth = help sb with sth帮助某人做某事 (vt.)assist sb to do sth = help sb (to) do sth有助于做某事 (vt.)help (to) do sth情不自禁做某事 (vt.)cant help doing sth忍不住、不得不做某事 (vi.)cannot help but do sth请随便吃 (vt.)help yourself to sth对有很大的帮助 (n.)be of great help to sb = be helpful to sb22 rightn. / adj. / adv.对来说是合适的 (adj.)be right / fit / suitable for sb / sthall right的用法你没事吧？Are you all right?我们走吧！好的。Lets go. All right.不用谢。/ 没关系。Thats all right.立刻，马上 (adv.)right away / off向左转turn to the left (n.) = turn left (adv.)权利和义务 (n.)rights and duties明辨是非 (n.)tell / distinguish right from wrongUnit 3Reading1tourismn.touristn.tourn.导游a tour guide旅游经营商a tour operator旅游景点tourist attractions = places of interest = scenic spots2twistv. / n.扭了踝骨、膝盖 (vt.)twist ones ankle / knee扭伤的踝关节、膝盖 (vt.)a twisted ankle / knee这条小路蜿蜒曲折 (vi.)The road twists and turns.蜿蜒曲折的小路 (n.)a road with twists and turns3constructvt.constructionn.constructorn.在建造中be under construction构思巧妙的小说a well-constructed novel4magnificentadj.magnificencen.5risev. (rose, risen) / n.见证的兴衰witness the rise and fall of升起来；起义 (vi. phr.)rise up不断提高 (n.)on the rise一夜成名 (vt. phr.)rise to fame overnight站起来 (vt. phr.)rise from ones seat = rise to ones feet第一个起床 (vi.)the first to rise / get up情绪高涨 (vi.)ones spirits rise (up)6falln. / v. (fell, fallen)生病、睡着 (link v.)fall ill / sick, fall asleep落后 (vi. phr.)fall behind爱上某人 (vt. phr.)fall in love with sb养成习惯 (vt. phr.)fall / get into the habit of被绊倒 (vt. phr.)fall over sth跌落 (vt. phr.)fall off sth摔在上，落到上 (vt. phr.)fall on sth粉碎，崩溃 (vt. phr.)fall into pieces落到手中 (vt. phr.)fall into the hand of sb可分成部分 (vt. phr.)fall intoparts不够，未达到 (link v.)fall short of7includevt. 包括excludeant.Cf.containv. 包含包括某人、某物including sb / sth = sb / sth included8setn.200多件青铜器more than 200 sets of bronze ware9sculpturen.sculptorn.sculptv.大理石雕塑marble sculpture10calligraphyn.calligraphern.practice calligraphy11sealn.盖章carry a seal12historicaladj. of historyhistoricadj. important in history按照历史上的先后顺序in historical sequence一部历史小说a historical novel具有历史意义的纪念碑、记录、时刻、胜利of historic meaning / records / moment (occasion) / victory13civiladj.civilizationn.civilizev.中国文明the Chinese civilization对某人有礼貌、文明、有教养be civil to sb民法civil law国内战争civil war14preservevt. / n.保护丽江古城和其他游览圣诞preserve / protect the old town of Lijiang and other places of interest保护濒危物种不致灭绝preserve / protect endangered species from extinction保护我们的自然资源preserve / protect natural resources保存得很好be well preserved / protected不让某人做某事preserve / stop sb (from) doing sth = keep sb from doing sth维护世界和平preserve / maintain the world peace动物保护区内禁止狩猎。No hunting is allowed in the preserve.15admitv.admissionn,承认事实真相 (vt.)admit the truth承认、否认做过某事 (vt.)admit / deny doing sth允许某人进入某地 (vt.)admit sb to sp被大学录取 (vt.)be admitted to / into the university = be accepted by the university16scenery（统称）景色scene场景sight看到（see的名词）view从某人角度看到的景色还有观点的意思landscape陆地上的风景漓江的景色就像一幅美丽的风景画。The scenery along the Li River is just like a beautiful landscape painting.第一幕Scene One去观光go sightseeing俯瞰某物have a birds eye view of sth某物进入某人的视野sth e into sbs view以我之见from my point of view / in my view / in my opinion持有的观点hold the view / opinion that17reflectv.reflectionn.反映某人的观点 (vt.)reflect sbs views反思 (vi.)reflect on反射装置reflecting device18basen. / vt.公司的总部在巴黎。The base of the pany is in Paris.以为基础，基于base sth on sth = sth be based on sth19turnn. / v.急转弯 (n.)a sha