1、单复数变化规则精品文档名词单复数形式变化规则英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数,表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。 1) 单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, maps, brothers,birds. 2) 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, classes, dishes,watches. 3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es: cities, babies, ladies,families. 以元音字母加y
2、结尾的名词直接加s : boys, toys .4) 以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f为v加es: knives, leaves.但有些词只加s: roofs, chiefs. 5) 以o结尾的名词,有些加es: heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos. 6) 不规则名词:footfeet, goosegeese, toothteeth, childchildren, manmen, womanwomen, mousemice. 单复数同形,如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese
3、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: two dollars,two meters 7) 某些外来词变复数:datumdata,mediummedia,bacteriumbacteria,curriculumcurricula, criterioncriteria,phenomenonphenomena.(um/ona), basisbases, crisiscrises, 8) 复合名词变复数:以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式,如:homework. 以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数,前后两个名词都变复数,如:manservantmenservants,
4、woman student women students. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans.其它复合名词变复数:grown upgrown ups, stand bystands by. 9) 复合形容词做定语时,其中的名词保持单数:a six year old boy,a two hundred page book10) 集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。 如: people,police,cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a po
5、liceman,a head of cattle. 又如the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 11)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 12)有些以s作结尾的名词是单数,如:maths,news,physics,politics13) 有些名词的复数形式和
6、其单数形式的意义不同,如:water(水),waters(海,江,河);time(时间),times(次数);arm(手臂),arms(武装,手臂);cloth(布),clothes(衣服);glass(玻璃),glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯);good(善行),goods(货物);manner(方法),manners(礼貌);wood(木),woods(树林);work(工作),works(工厂)。14) 名词化的形容词大多表示人称,通常与定冠词the连用,如:the young 青年人, the old 老年人, the dead 死者.这些名词化的形容词表类指,没有复数形式的变化,因为指一
7、类人,故有复数概念,做主语时候要求复数形式的动词。练习:1 bus (复数)_ 2 knife (复数)_ 3 party(复数)_ 4 that (复数)_ 5 this (复数)_ 6 foot (复数)_ 7 glass (复数)_ 8 cup (复数)_ 9 sheep (复数)_ 10 photo (复数)_ 11 woman (复数)_ 12 office (复数)_ 13 they (单 数)_ 14 are (单 数)_ 15 boxes (单 数)_ 16 men (单 数)_17.Its an apple. (改为复数形式)_18.Shes a worker. (改为复数形
8、式)_19.There are some oranges on the plate. (改为单数形式)There _ _ _ on the plate.20.There is an apple on the table. (改为复数形式)There _ _ _ on the plate.21.Whats your job? (改为复数形式)_22.Theyre policewomen. (改为单数形式)_23. These are umbrellas. (改为单数形式)_ _ _ umbrella.24. Wheres my apple? (改为复数形式)Where _ my _?25.Its on the table? (改为复数形式)_ _on the table.26.Theres a chair in the room. (改为复数形式)There _ _ _ in the room.27.This is his fork. (改为复数形式)_ _ his _.28. What are _(this)?29. Where are my _(dress)?30. There _ (be) some oranges. 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除